扩展阅读：
曼岛无尾猫好养吗，宠物猫的饲养方法基本上大同小异，但要根据不同猫咪的生活习性进行适当的调整，曼岛无尾猫的饲养难度是不大的，不过再饲养的过程中要注意做好日常的清洁工作，下面我们就来简单的了解一下吧。
日常清洁
猫咪眼中常会出现一些分泌物，如果置之不理的话，就会在眼周围形成“泪疙瘩”，有时还会使毛色发生变化，给猫咪宝宝用温水清洗眼睛。
禁止给猫用人用的眼药水。猫咪眼中常会出现一些分泌物，如果置之不理的话，就会在眼周围形成“泪疙瘩”，有时还会使毛色发生变化，所以要经常清理。用棉球或纱布蘸上温水轻点眼部，将分泌物软化后用拧干的棉球轻轻擦掉。猫的眼晴很敏感，不能因为有眼屎就给它用人的眼药水。
另外，硼酸水可能会引起发炎，使用时必须注意。有的品种，像波斯猫，由于泪眼，眼周围极易弄脏。但是如果除了眼屎外还伴有发烧、食欲不振、精神萎靡等症状时则可能是生病了，必须马上送医院。
小编还为您整理了以下内容，可能对您也有帮助：曼岛无尾猫最显著的特征就是无尾或短尾，其次是圆头、圆嘴、圆眼、圆耳。曼岛猫又称海曼岛猫、曼库斯猫、曼克斯猫、曼岛无尾猫。这种猫咪身躯浑圆肌肉发达，四肢也强健有力，善于跳跃奔跑，为此人们又将曼岛无尾猫称之为“兔猫”。
曼岛无尾猫是属于长寿一类的猫咪，它们的寿命一般都可以长达15年以上，为此曼岛无尾猫可以很长时间的陪伴在主人身边，为家庭生活带来乐趣。当然，曼岛无尾猫性格开朗外形，活泼好动，而且还喜欢和人相处，也能和平的与其它 宠物相处在一起。因此，曼岛无尾猫也是非常适合居家饲养的宠物猫品种。
曼岛无尾猫最先原产于英国的曼岛地区，后来经过传播和繁殖，才逐渐的诞生出现在曼岛无尾猫，并且得到众多爱猫人士的认可和喜欢。在日常生活中要饲养一只可爱的曼岛无尾猫其实不是一件难事，只要饲养者能花必要的时间的和精力去照顾管理猫咪，无尾猫也就能健康快乐的成长了。
在饲养过程中，饲养者要为猫咪准备一个温暖舒适的生活环境，每天为其准备足够新鲜的食物和水，而且每天需要定时定点的为养猫咪。同样，饲养者需要每天为猫咪梳理1次毛发，2-3个星期检查猫咪的指甲并且修剪指甲。同时根据猫咪身躯的干净程度来定期的给猫咪洗澡，以保证猫咪的身体干净，远离疾病的伤害。
曼岛无尾猫好养吗，宠物猫的饲养方法基本上大同小异，但要根据不同猫咪的生活习性进行适当的调整，曼岛无尾猫的饲养难度是不大的，不过再饲养的过程中要注意做好日常的清洁工作，下面我们就来创威析空执简单的了解一下吧。
日常清洁
猫波防演府变斯咪眼中常会出现一些分泌物，如果置之不理的话，就会在眼周围形成“泪疙瘩”，有时还会使毛色发生变化，给猫咪宝宝用温水清洗眼睛。
禁止给猫用人用的眼药水。猫咪眼中常会出现一些分泌物，如果置之不理的话，就会在眼师周围形成“泪疙瘩”，有时还会使毛色发生变化，所以要经常清理。用棉球或纱布蘸上温水轻点眼部，将分泌物软化后用拧干的棉球轻轻擦掉。猫的眼晴很敏感，不能因为有眼屎就给它用人的眼药水。
另外，硼酸水可能会引起发炎，使用时必须注意。有的品种，像波斯猫，由于泪眼，眼周围极易弄脏。但是如果除了眼屎外还伴有发烧、食欲不振、精神萎靡等症状时则可能是生病了，必须马上送医院。
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什么宠物寿命长点,可爱的,有毛的
曼岛猫又称海曼岛猫、曼库斯猫、曼克斯猫、曼岛无尾猫。该猫最显著的特征就是无尾或短尾，其次是圆头、圆嘴、圆眼、圆耳。该猫由于四肢发达，步法奇特如兔子跳跃，故又有兔猫之称。曼岛猫聪明伶俐，对人亲切温柔，寿命较长，家庭饲养一般均可达15年以上，属长寿猫
无尾猫好不好？
无尾猫不好，无尾猫本身就是一种病态的，而且他们的抵抗力比较低，而且不能够保持平衡。
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想养一只猫咪，是德文卷毛猫好养还是加拿大无毛猫好养？那个更聪明好逗些？
人们除了热衷饲养宠物狗之外，饲养得最多的宠物就要属猫咪了。猫冷漠高傲，幽静神秘，给人一种若近若离的独特感受。猫咪的品种有许多，其中很多都是非常可爱美丽的。有爱猫之人就曾总结出一些，世界上最可爱的猫咪品种。下面就来看看哪些猫咪品种榜上有名咯。波斯猫、暹罗猫、折耳猫、俄罗斯蓝猫等等，这些都是非常尊贵美丽的猫咪，外貌可爱独特，例如折耳猫最特别的就是拥有一对折下的耳朵。除了这些猫咪之外，又有一些猫咪也是非常的可爱迷人。例如：喜马拉雅猫、英国短毛猫、美国短毛猫、异国短毛猫、挪威森林猫、 缅因猫、德文卷毛猫、曼岛无尾猫、日本短尾猫、新加坡猫、布偶猫、索马里猫、电烫卷猫、科拉特猫、孟买猫、西伯利亚猫、土耳其安哥拉、哈瓦那棕猫、美国短尾猫、斯可可猫、金吉拉猫、美国硬毛猫、埃及猫、伯曼猫、东奇尼猫、土耳其梵猫、柯尼斯卷毛猫、东方短毛猫、重点色短毛猫、缅甸猫、褴褛猫、山东狮子猫、夏特尔猫、阿比西尼亚猫、加拿大猫、巴厘猫、奥西猫、美国卷耳猫等等。以上一些就是一些最为可爱的猫咪，也是饲养的比较多，范围比较广的猫品种。要知道，猫咪的品种繁多，而且不同品种的猫咪有这不同的特点。如果你一定要选择出什么猫最可爱，那这也的确是一件令人头痛的难题。如果要说什么猫咪最可爱，恐怕只要主人心目中的那只才最可爱咯。
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29.1????1987骞村?ㄦ??淇???宸?锛?涓????村??琚??????????涓????疯?姣???????骇涓?浜?涓?????涓?EPESTOOFNOFACE?????璇ョ????涓鸿??澶ф?垮???涓?浣????茬?涓?瀹?ERI??NEWMAN???? 29.2 1988骞?EPESTO??涓?????涓?HOTO??FINISH??榛??茬??骇涓?浜?3???疯?姣???灏????????ュ?????繁??涓???辜宕藉??浜т?涔????疯?姣??х?剁??骞煎唇??璇ュ??绉?????绉 浜???杩???SELKIRK灞便?? 29.3璇ュ??绉????锋???浼??哄??涓???浜??跺???绉????锋??哄????寰锋???卞????舰浼煎????ュ?锛???SELKIRK?卞?????磋薄涓????х?????瀹??ㄧ??藉凡缁?????锛?骞朵?1990骞磋??ユ?娲诧?浣??充??ㄩ?ｉ??浠??剁?瑙??? 30.1绱㈤┈?????????挎??挎?瑗垮凹浜???????遍?挎?瑗垮凹浜??????绉?缁???璁″??绻?娈??硅?插?烘?ョ???挎?????瀹?浜??挎?瑗垮凹浜?????璁稿??瑰???浣???锛?浣???绋???锛?灞?浜?涓??瑰?????′????? 30.2浜?瀹?????棰?绋?????妤?褰??涓?瀵瑰ぇ?冲?骞垮??V瀛?褰????浠?褰㈠???告?存???妤??ㄤ汉锛?????缇?涓姐??涓?浜叉?????????储椹??????ユ???胯????杞?????灞?娴?瀵?缁?姣?锛?姣??插??枫??锛??冲???挎???块?跨??楗版?锛?浠ュ??涓??″?????镐??风??澶у熬宸淬????浜у?板?璇ユ???ㄩ??娲层?? 30.3???锛?绱㈤┈??????967骞寸?辩函绉????挎?瑗垮凹浜??????浜х???烘?ョ???挎????缁?杩???璁″??绻?娈???褰㈡??????绉????ㄧ??界?杩?绻?琛??硅?诧?????????涓???绉?锛???983骞存??寰??拌?卞?界????浼???璁ゅ???1991骞村?ㄨ?卞?界??糠绠＄??浼?澶哄??????颁??? 31.1灞变????????互涓哄??芥??????????跺????戒???寰?澶?绉??????濡?浜??????哥??????宸?绠?宸?????灞变?????????绾??灞变??????负?借?查?挎?锛?棰??????ㄦ??胯揪4-5??绫筹? 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32.2????锛?涓轰?瀛?杩?绉?瀹??ユ??????绾??琛?缁?锛??充娇????婧??板???冲?剁??瀹??ユ???ㄧ?╁???涔??ㄤ弗?肩??绠＄??涓?杩?琛?绻?娈???濡?缁㈣????娉戒?瑙︽????锛?涓??夸?涓????灏惧反??姣??存????杞????俱???肩??涓烘?浜?????浠???;?翠??ョ??锛??????????ㄣ??浼?????浜?瀛??ュ舰瀹圭?????? 32.3 1963骞撮?娆℃?佃揪缇??斤?涓?灞卞??璧凤????板?虹?颁???绫荤???锛???搴﹀???颁汉浠?????????1970骞村?跺??舵????骞跺??颁?澶?????浼????胯???瀹??ユ?????????よ??????绉?涔?涓?锛?婧?浜????冲?躲??16涓?绾???ユ?娲诧?涓昏???甯??ㄦ??藉???卞?斤?????舵?村??娆㈣????挎???绉?????9涓?绾?腑?讹??变??????虹??瀹??ユ???????颁???娓???浣???????锛?瀹??ユ????富瑕???甯??ㄥ???冲?讹??朵??版?规?伴??宸插?灏??? 33.1???冲?舵⒌??1955骞达??卞?界???辩??汉澹??ㄥ???冲?剁??姊垫??????版??ㄧ?╂按??????甯﹀??楗插?伙???姝ョ?琛?骞跺??扮??????璁よ???璇ョ???琛ㄤ?瀹??ユ??????镐技锛??ф?艰???????烘????娲绘臣????娆㈢?╄????????????缇??﹁??瀵逛汉????,??????瀹?瀹跺涵楗插?荤??浼?????绉??? 33.2???冲?舵⒌????胯???ュ．锛??╅?ㄥ??杈?澶村??妤?褰???冲ぇ;榧诲?缁??匡????甯﹁????????绮?绾㈣?层???肩??????褰??涓虹?ョ????灏捐??匡?琚???村???????妫??层?????冲?舵⒌????涓?韬??村?????杞???涓??惰?姣?锛?浣?娌℃????缇?姣???????灞?缁?姣??????瀹???琚??瀹??ㄥ??????垮?缇?;澶?瀛ｈ?姣???娓??辫?姐?? 33.3琚???鸿?涓虹?借?诧??ㄨ?虫?靛???ㄦ??涓?浜???妫??叉??绾?灏鹃?ㄤ害甯︽?????叉??绾广??涓?浼?????????????挨?剁?卞?姘????充??版?姘翠腑?绘父娉筹???韬????姘存?????╁共???ф?艰???????烘????娲绘臣????娆㈢?╄????????????缇??﹁??瀵逛汉????,??????瀹?瀹跺涵楗插?荤??浼?????绉??? 34.1澶??瑰????ㄥ??涓?寰??舵????涓?浜?CHARTREUX????ヤ?娉??姐??20涓?绾?0骞翠唬锛?娉??借?茬?涓?瀹跺?CHARTREUX????????浜わ???姝ｅ????茬??规???926????1926骞达?濮?LEGER??濮?濡逛袱浜哄?濮??ㄦ???ORBIHAN?版??ELLE-ILE-SUR-MER??澶?娴?娴???娓叉???茶?????琛??茬??? 34.2?ㄧ??瀹?浜??惰韩浣??瑰???锛?JUMAUD??澹?1930骞?灏?杩?浜???????涓?ELIS??CATTUS??CARTUSINORUM??璇ュ??绉???931骞村?ㄥ反榛?????勘涔??ㄥ??板???灞?绀恒??涔?涓?涓???绉???????939骞村?????20涓?绾???60骞翠唬??70骞翠唬锛?璇ュ??绉??????茶?卞?界?????????浜ゅ?姝ら?绻?锛?浠ュ?颁?1970骞?IFe灏?杩?涓や釜??绉???骞躲?? 34.3?鹃??CHARTREUX????绉?灏辫??峰?戒腑娉ㄥ?瑕?娑?澶卞???浜?瀹?骞堕??濡?姝ゃ??CHARTREUX??勘涔??ㄧ???昏?SIMONNET??FIFe??渚?浜???????璇????璇???浜?璇ュ??绉?????濞??э?浠???FIFe??涓??冲?锛?灏?杩?涓や釜??绉???寮?锛?骞跺?浠?户缁???浜ゃ??涔?涓???HARTREUX????ョ??芥????970骞淬??CFA??TICA?芥?胯?璇ュ??绉??? 35.1瑗夸集?╀??????芥??タ浼??╀???涔????板?板?虹??瀹剁????褰??扮??????????浜ゅ??浠ｃ??瀹?涓板????淇?娓╃??琚????甯搁??搴?褰??颁弗瀵???姘?????甯︾孩?界?搁?存??绾圭??璇ュ??绉?????USSA??????IMA??987骞磋?浜鸿喘涔板??甯﹀?版??????HANS??BETTI SCHULZ?ㄤ?浠???NEWSKI???涓??硅?插?轰?涔?涓?浠ｈタ浼??╀????? 35.2 1991骞磋捣锛?瑗夸集?╀?????绉?灏卞?ㄦ??界‘绔?浜???1887骞村??颁?FIFe???胯???1990骞?LIZABETH TERRELL寮??ヤ?涔?涓??硅????拌??繁??缇???TARPOINT?????TICA?胯?璇ュ??绉?骞跺??998骞村?虹??璇ュ??绉????????? 36.1?板???＄?????╄捣婧?浜??板???★??ㄤ???涓?绾?0骞翠唬????锛?瀹?浠?????版???褰㈤??甯哥??????1975骞?ommy???颁?缇??斤?骞跺甫??浜?3???板???＄???寮?濮?浜?绻??层????981骞寸??al??Tommy??CFA???虹?宠?锛?骞跺??颁?CFA????璁革?浠?姝ゆ?板???＄???濮?浜???FA??娉ㄥ????绻??诧??村??988骞达??板???＄???浜?寰??颁?CFA?????涓?璁ゅ???骞跺??璁告?板???＄??????????璧??? 36.2浣???缁?灏????板???＄???ユ??濡??洪?????姣??诧??稿?????炬?浜﹀???ㄤ?姣?瑗垮凹浜??????瀛?锛??鹃????伴?韬?????般?????????璐存??锛?????娉斤????垮??渚у???????????＄汗;澶村????褰??棰?涓???’M’瀛???绾规??璁帮??肩?????虫?甸??甯稿ぇ锛??肩????互???瀛??层??缁胯?插?????????板???＄?????ユ????涓?棰??茬?????锛?浜︽?????CFA璁ゅ????棰??测?????よ薄??搴??插??姣?灏???涓?娣卞?¤?诧?杩?渚垮舰??浜?娣辨??茬???洪???绾广?? 36.3瀹???姣??插?寰?缁?浜虹????瑙?锛?浣?浜?瀹??村??濂界?稿??锛??界?朵釜瀛?缁?灏?锛?浣??存???瀹??????????板???＄???????涓???灏??????!寰?澶??藉?诲?ㄤ?涓?娆¤??版?板???＄?????跺???戒?璁や负瀹?浠???????????灏??? 36.4?板???＄????????????5??4涓???宸﹀?筹??充究???颁???????骞撮?锛?瀹?浠??涓?浼??跨??寰?澶э???骞寸?????ф?板???＄??浣???涓???????5??纾?锛???骞撮???т?涓?杩?????纾?????浠ュ?ㄧ?????板???＄?????甯稿??????典?锛?浜轰滑?ㄤ?浜?瑙ｈ?涓???绉????????典?锛??充究???版??骞寸???板???＄???杩?璁や负瀹?浠????杩????瓒?涓??????板???＄???瀹?锛?涔????煎???瑙ｇ???? 37.1??椹??????????涓?凡琚?箍娉?璁ょ?ュ???稿?娴?琛?????绉?锛??ㄥ?舵?╂????浜ゅ?硅?茬???虹?涓??虹?颁???椹??????????????╂??婕??????????藉?????ㄩ?瀵???楂???(?充?澶╃????)涓???褰?杩?浜?????涓?璐ㄩ?挎????????灏煎?轰汉??缃?椹?汉甯﹀?版?娲叉?讹?娆ф床浜轰负涔??惧?浜??? 37.2杩?浜?骞存?ワ??ㄧ?娈??朵??磋??绘??淇?????寮鸿??堕?挎????瑰????硅?查????涔?涓?姝ュ氨???ㄦ?圭?????杩?琛???浜ゃ???跺??浠ｉ????缁?杩?澶?骞寸??绻??插??轰?涓??规?ユ???挎??????炬???????杩?浜??????挎???????涓?锛??跺??浠ｄ??村??杩?琛???绻??茶??缁?杩?璁稿?骞寸???堕?翠???寰?澶??烘???瑰?骞舵?????????? 37.3涓?涓?姝ョ??宸ヤ?寮?濮?浜? – 杩?灏辨??敞???烘????姝ｅ???绉?璁ゅ?????ㄨ?卞?斤?BSterling-Webb?ㄤ?瓒?杩?10骞寸???堕?村???浜?浠??????挎?????1955骞达?浠??惧??overning Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF)骞惰?姹?浠?浠??胯?杩?涓??挎??????板??绉????变?浠????跺?绻??茶??涓轰?浠??硅?插伐浣?涓???濂戒???杩板??杈╂?わ?浠?浠???璇锋?琚??瑰??浜?锛????挎??ㄨ?卞?芥??涓轰?涓????????绉??? 37.4????????骞翠腑锛???椹????????????????浣????澶у??扮????椹????????芥??娉?婊¤冻??绻??叉??????璁稿?绻??茶??宸茬?涓???瀹???浣跨?ㄧ函?茶?琛???浜ゃ??浠?浠?娇?ㄥ凡??????????杩?琛?绻?娈?锛???姝や娇??椹???????涓轰?涓???????????绉???杩?灞?寰?缂???????崇??涓??烘?ャ????椹?????????浜??块蓟瀛??????挎????? 37.5 19涓?绾?0骞翠唬锛???椹?????绻??茶??寮?濮???椤惧??????浠?浠??剧?璇??捐揪?扮?????????剧?讹?瑕?绻?娈??烘?磋薄?????浠?浠???????诲????宸ヤ?澶??浜???涓烘?锛?浠?浠??濮?瀹???涓?杩?琛???浜わ?淇????翠匠????浠ｈ?琛?绻??层??杩?浜?涓?娈垫?堕?达??磋薄?????挎????濮??虹?板?ㄧ???涓???杩?浜?????璧锋?ユ?磋薄锛???姝ゅ?浠ヤ?绔?浜???????澶у??? 38.1?卞?界???????绁???浠???互璇存????????璧?但??锛??╁??000澶?骞村?????ょ?椹???芥?舵??锛?瀹?浠?氨?捐???????澶у??板?寰??????ㄦ??浜?涓??瀹?浠?????瓒?寮虹????榧??藉??锛?淇??ょ?椹?ぇ????绮???涓?琚???榧??峰??锛?????淇???浜????????圭??绋冲???浠?姝わ?杩?浜????ㄤ汉浠??涓???颁?寰?楂????颁??? 38.2灏卞?ㄩ?ｄ釜?跺??锛?瀹?浠??甯﹀?颁??卞?藉???锛???????寮虹????搴??藉??锛???娓?婕?????涓鸿?卞?界??????????瀹?涓?浠?琚????涓烘??榧?楂???锛??ｈ?变?澶?褰??琚??村?浜烘?????便?? 38.3?颁?19涓?绾???????锛??卞?界???茬?涓?瀹朵滑?ㄨ?浜???????腑???烘??缇?涓界???????寮?濮?浜?婕??跨???硅?插伐浣?锛???缁?杩?涓??绉颁负?卞?界?????????绉?璇???浜???1871骞达??卞?界?????????浜?浼︽?︾??姘存?跺???瑙?浼?锛?璇ュ??绉?涔?浠?姝ゅ?濮?琚??藉???? 38.4 1901骞达??卞?界??勘涔??ㄦ??绔?浜?锛??ｆ?剁???卞?界???????????澶ц??缁?瀹??????叉?绉?锛?寰??界???″??圭??????ョ?变?瀹?浠?????浠ｈ??ヨ???锛????充???褰兼?????浠?IFE(?卞?芥?村ぇ?辩????浼?)?冲?灏?杩?涓や釜??绉???浜?涓轰???绗??娆′???澶ф??涔???锛??磋?茬???卞?界????????缁?????界????????胯?锛?瀹?浠?蛋杩?浜???瀹朵??凤???涓轰汉浠???娲讳腑??浼翠荆?? 39.1?圭?????浜т?娉板???????圭?)锛?? 200澶?骞村??锛?杩?绉???璐电??????ㄦ嘲?界????瀹???澶ч??腑楗插?伙???冻涓??烘?风??璐垫???? 1884 骞磋?卞?介┗娉板?界???艰胺棰?浜?绂讳换?讹?灏?娉扮???界??绀肩?╀?涓?娴疯惫?叉?????圭???甫???卞?斤?绔??冲???拌?卞?借?澶??辩????????瑙?锛?缈?骞达?璇ョ??氨?虹?板?ㄤ鸡?﹂??澶???姘存?跺????浼???锛?寮?璧烽???ㄣ?? 1920骞村?浜虹??斤?????浼?甯?涓??????帮????板???藉?荤???卞ソ????娆㈣? ?? 39.2?????宠???璁拌浇锛?娉扮??瀹???楗插?绘?圭????????插??互杩芥函?版?????界??浜?涓??舵??锛?浠??ｆ?惰捣锛??圭???氨?ㄥ?寤峰??瀹?灞?涓??ワ?瀹?环????浜哄??瀵瑰???瀛?????富涓??风簿蹇?楗插?诲?浠???瀹?浠???????????瀹?姘?锛?杩???姘村??楗??ㄧ??纰??芥???????抽?躲??瀹?浠???ㄩ??澶????锋???璞????块?撮??锛?涓?澶╀?椤块キ?变?涓??ㄧ???ㄥ?????锛??充娇??嘲?介?????????辨?恒??缁?娴?涓ラ??涓?婊?涔???锛?瀹?环?????圭?????ц?????蹇ф??????蹇???ュ??? 39.3?镐??ㄥ?涔?浠ュ????娉板?斤??よ??绁?绉????????????颁??ょ??绁??ㄣ??杩?浜??村???绉?????3??瀹?璐?涓??存???变袱?????煎????ょ??锛??や?绁??稿???界??锛?浠讳?浜洪?戒??介??杩????????ㄧ???瀛???浜х???跺??锛?瀹?浠???绂诲?绁?涓?澶╋?浠ュ???锋薄绁??ㄧ??娲?????瀹?涓??磋?瀹??ㄤ??ょ??锛??村?版??涓?澶╋??????绮剧?佃????澶??ч【?冲???浜х??濡诲?锛???璧颁???璐电??绁??ㄣ?? 39.4?界??娲鹃?ｄ?寰?澶???互涓哄???′欢??浜哄?颁???涓??诲??捐?瀹?璐?锛?缁?灞??存???浜?浜哄?ㄤ???绉??ｄ???璐ラ?佃??褰???绁??告?ㄨ???辩?瀹????????诲???杩?涓??板法??浠诲?°????か濡?涓?璐?浼???锛??ㄧ?????????绮剧?垫．???惧?板?ㄩ??????? 39.5???ワ?涓鸿〃褰板?浠?????缁╁???朵?涓轰?淇?瀛?涓???涓?琚?簿?佃?????浠?????楂?璐佃?缁?锛?瀹?浠??涓ュ??版?ゅ????浠ュ?惰?缁???绾??????????????＄??韬??????涓界??澶?琛ㄥ??瀹?浠??楂????颁?锛?浠ヨ?充???????瀹ゆ????????互?ユ??楗插?诲?浠???????浜鸿???浠ョ?典???????涓鸿吹?????跺??涔??戒韩???颁?瀹?浠??卞????娲荤???规????瀹?浠?氨???浜虹О绉???绂?瀹??瀹????圭????? 40.1寮??界????????ㄥ????骞翠唬??缇??斤?浠ヤ汉宸ユ?瑰?灏?????挎?绉??????缇??界??????????绻?娈??烘?ョ????绉???褰???杩?琛?绻?娈?璁″???讹?寮??界???????浣?褰㈣?寰??﹀急锛?????楗插?昏????蹇?绾??浼?琚???锛???浜?绻?娈??????冲己???硅?瀹???????绾??????锛???????968骞淬?? 40.2褰??讹?杩?????浜烘????????锛????????扮?ㄧ??界???????绉?锛?褰????娓?娓????????村?板????骞翠唬锛?寮??界?????????绉?姝ｅ?纭?????变??舵???浠ュ????瑰?瀹??ㄥ??????凤???姝ゆ?捐??电О涓衡??绌胯???¤。??????????涓ゅ?涔?澶ф????寮??界???????板?ㄥ凡缁??ㄥ??澶х???涓?ぇ?惧?褰╋?璋?杩?浼?璁板?褰?骞村??涓衡??????绾????????琚??????? 40.3璇ョ???????插苟涓?涔?锛?澶х害??980骞存???ㄧ??藉?硅?叉????锛?骞剁????浼???璁ゅ????澶??ョ????变?缁?杩?寰?澶?浜虹????澶?绻??诧?姣??插??绉?寰?澶?锛???涔???腑??????姣??????ㄥ?瑙?涓??烘??户?夸????绋介???????や?姣????澶?锛??跺?浣???????????澶磋?哥?煎??涓?????枫??FIFE ? 1986 骞存?胯?浜?寮??界???????璇ュ??绉??ㄧ??藉凡缁???甯告????锛??ㄦ?娲蹭??ㄩ??娓?椋?琛?璧锋?ャ?? 41.1???煎?版???崇? :?????961骞达????煎?颁??风?х?浜哄?????涓??????骇涓?浜?涓?绐?灏?????朵腑??涓????????灏????瀹??????借?茬??琚????绱ф?ｇ?????虫?靛??????ご楣颁??风???革???涓哄??浜у?伴??杩????煎?扮??搴?娉?瀹??兼???浠?姝や究?规???虹???板???虫?典??????拌薄锛??藉??杩?涓???绉?涓衡?????煎?版???崇?????? 41.2??????杩?????????涓?USIE锛?瀹?渚挎?????煎?版???崇????濮?绁?锛?????USIE????涓?浜??︿????借?叉???崇????杩??讹??х?浜虹???诲?锛?涓?浣????寤??缃??????х?浜烘敞????USIE?????????浜????虫?点??浜????冲???浠???濡诲?Mary涓?璧凤?浠?杩?涓??????????璇?楠?锛?绻?娈??????崇?瑰????板??绉????? 41.3???崇????澶?瑙????辫糠浜猴???姝ゅ?稿?浜?寰?澶?浜虹???磋叮锛?浣?婊?绋界?????褰??跺?浠??ㄥ?藉?瑕?姣??ㄥ?涔★??卞?界?????煎?版?村父瑙?锛??变?杩?涓???绉?褰??跺?????扮??糠绠＄??浼????胯?锛???浠ヨ?卞?界???硅?茶??瀵瑰?跺??涔?涓????磋叮??1973骞磋?涓???绉??ㄧ??借??ョ撼娉ㄥ??锛? 1984骞存??涓轰???棰?????浼??胯?锛?姣?缇??借冻瓒虫??浜?11骞淬?? 41.4绐??剁???烘???冲?????SUSIE渚挎?????煎?版???崇?????╃??璧锋???涓?杩? , 杩??????虫?靛??ㄦ???????绐?????姝ｅ??涓鸿??绘?????虹?稿舰????浜???????锛???浠ユ??涓?娈垫?舵???ㄨ?卞?借?绻?娈???缁?杩?浜??硅?茶??涓????琛???????寮?绉?锛?缁?浜?绻?娈??哄?ュ悍??灏????骞朵??惧??978骞磋?ｈ?风??界?辩??????浼?(CFA)???????? 41.5???煎?版???崇?????虹?????跺???虫?靛苟涓???????????澶х害涓??板???ㄥぇ???跺??锛?瀹?浠????虫?垫??寮?濮?涓????︹?︽????灏卞共??涓?涓???!?村?板???1?ㄥ??2?ㄥぇ???跺??锛?绻??茶?????藉ぇ?村?ゆ???哄?浠???????瀹??╃骇锛?绻??茬骇杩????绾???????锛??????虫?垫??涓??ョ?????崇?????藉????姣?璧?锛?褰??讹?姣?涓???茶???藉???绻??插?鸿?藉????姣?璧???????浣?????崇?????崇???ㄧ??茶?绋?涓???浠峰?煎?存????浠风???? 42.1???????1980骞翠唬锛??辫?卞?界???????归?荤??贩绉??????归?荤???辫?查??浼?缁??卞?界??????????涓????????姝ｆ?归?荤??釜?х?告????翠负娌?????杩?绉????褰㈣??ㄦ?硅???浣?浜轰滑宸插?ㄥ?硅?茬?棰??层????璐ㄤ?????????璇ョ??????涓板?锛?浼???釜濂戒?浼淬?? 42.2韬????????褰???????跨????冲?????锛??冲????楗版????肩??涓鸿???层??榧诲?????绾㈣?诧?寰?瀹斤????惧?归蓟姊???瓒虫??缁?瀹?涓?????褰???灏惧反灞??ㄦ????????琚?????卞?界???????蜂?????杞??????撅?璐ㄥ?拌?????垮??????棰??叉??朵?????娴???韬???鸿?叉??钩锛??????涔?褰㈡??瀵圭???娣变钩????互?????????＄汗?? 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