做题方法指导
词义猜测题是高考英语阅读题的一种必考题型，难度中等偏上，常用以下方法：
1. 根据前后语法关系
即根据所在段落、前后句的定语从句限定修饰关系，同位语从句的解释说明关系，代词指代，破折号等语法关系来判断词义。
2.注意表逻辑关系的词
注意前后句子的转折、因果等关键信息词，如however, therefore, thus等。也可利用同义关系，如namely, similarly等。
2. 利用上下文语境
根据段落语篇意思，特别是前后两句话语境往往也可猜出词义。
4.利用构词法猜词义
如un,in,dis表否定，re表“再...”，co表示合作等构词法知识。
5．利用背景常识
利用日常生活和与文化背景有关的常识可以准确猜测句中生词的含义。
真题练习
（2020年全国卷I）
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
（2020全国二）
The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Boomed. B. Became mature.
C. Remained stable. D. Crashed.
（2020全国二）
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
（2020全国三）
Yet “Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year,. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part I” and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated properly.
26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally.
C. Promoting successfully D. Watching carefully.
（2019年全国卷I）
But he’s nervous.＂I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…＂Chris trips on the＂-ld,＂a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support.＂…Vote for …me …＂Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
25. What does the underlined word ＂stumbles＂ in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners.
C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
（2019·全国卷Ⅱ）
A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.
What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?
A. Food variety. B. Eating habits.
C. Table manners. D. Restaurant service.
（2018年全国卷I）
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Complex. B. Advanced.
C. Powerful. D. Modern.
（2018年全国卷二）
The CRF's produce is “green”， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Series—with Sichuan pepper, red bean (豆), cheese and other flavors—also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate_snobs,_ that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others，the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others.
The words “chocolate snobs” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who ________.
A. are particular about chocolate
B. know little about cocoa beans
C. look down upon others
D. like to try new flavors
（2018年全国卷二）
If you have a_juicer,_you can simply frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. a “softserve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of and watching the ice cream come out below.
What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?
A. A dessert. B. A drink.
C. A container. D. A machine.
（2017年全国卷一）
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The tube. B. The still.
C. The hole. D. The cup.
（2016全国二）·
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect (感染) other students.
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare, “But I'm just not creative.”
What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Mistake. B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty. D. Burden.
（2016·全国卷Ⅲ·）
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
（2015·全国卷Ⅰ）
The fine selection of was done in close collaboration (合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg, Florida.
What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Artworks. B. Projects.
C. Donations. D. Documents.下载本文
