Standard Practice for
Accelerated Aging of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes1
This standard is issued under thefixed designation D3611;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1.Scope
1.1This practice provides one environment in which to exposefinished pressure-sensitive tape material for the purpose of accelerating the aging of it.It is applicable to tape in roll form when the user observes the precautions detailed within the procedure.The practice does not provide for a conclusion within itself,but is for use in conjunction with appearance or physical property tests to follow the accelerated exposure. While this practice was developed using packaging type tapes, its use on other types of tape with similar construction is encouraged.It is not intended for use on electrical grade tapes (see Test Methods D1000).
1.2This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.Referenced Documents
2.1ASTM Standards:2
D996Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-ments
D1000Test Methods for Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applica-tions
D3330/D3330M Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tape
D3715/D3715M Practice for Quality Assurance of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
D4332Practice for Conditioning Containers,Packages,or Packaging Components for Testing 3.Terminology
3.1Terminology found in Terminology D996shall apply.
4.Summary of Practice
4.1The pressure-sensitive tape is exposed to an atmosphere of80%relative humidity at150°F(66°C)for a period of96h. Following a period for returning to a standard atmosphere,the tape is ready for a prescribed examination using a method such as Test Methods D3330/D3330M.
5.Significance and Use
5.1This practice accelerates the natural aging of pressure-sensitive tapes so that the response to the usual physical property tests changes to the same extent as with an exposure to approximately two years of natural aging when compared with the response to tests before aging.
5.1.1Natural aging in this context means a continuous period of aging of tape in a closedfibreboard container(in darkness)in the variable climate of either the warm moist south,the warm dry southwest or the moderate midcontinent, USA.
5.2The extent of change for one physical property should be expected to be different than for another property and so would also relate to different natural aging time.
5.3An abnormal product lot may cause differences in testing response that throw off the expected time patterns. 5.4Appearance of normal tape product will usually change only slightly on two years natural aging.This accelerated exposure usually produces an exaggerated change in appear-ance which would be seen under natural conditions only in abnormal product.
5.5There is no present experience to relate this accelerated exposure to responses of tape in applications where the tape is under a use stress.
6.Apparatus
6.1Humidity Vessel in Oven Procedure:
6.1.1Vessel,to contain a solution of ammonium sulphate and tape undergoing exposure.The vessel must meet the following requirements:
1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10on Packaging
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14on Tape and Labels.
Current edition approved Oct.1,2006.Published October2006.Originally
approved in1977.Last previous edition approved in2003as D3611–(2003).
2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.6.1.1.1Vented to allow equilibrium with an opening not to exceed0.01mm.2
6.1.1.2The air volume over the solution to be not more than 10%greater than the cube of the square root of the liquid surface area.
6.1.1.3The air depth of the vessel to the liquid surface to be not more than10%greater than the square root of the liquid surface area.
6.1.1.4A desiccator assembly with a perforated plate can be
a suitable vessel.
6.1.2Oven,of the forced-convection type maintained at a mean of6662°C(150°F).
6.2Humidity chamber,to contain rolls of tape maintained at
a mean of6662°C(150°F)and8065%relative humidity.
7.Reagents(for Humidity Vessel in Oven procedure)
7.1Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specification of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are available.3Other grades may be used,provided it isfirst ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2Ammonium Sulfate(NH4)2SO4.
7.3Water,distilled or demineralized.
7.4The reagents of7.2and7.3are to be dissolved together in the proportion of1+1by weight.Use a volume(the units will be cubic centimetres)of water not less than that obtained by multiplying500times132times the vessel air volume in cubic metres.This gives500times the number of grams of water required to humidify the air volume to80%relative humidity at150°F(66°C)and should supply the moisture required to accommodate the absorption by the sample rolls. This provides a saturated solution which will remain saturated at150°F(66°C).This solution within the closed vessel both provides and controls the moisture content(humidity)within the vessel.
8.Sampling
8.1Sampling of material for this practice should be in accordance with the requirements of the applicable material or commodity specification.
8.2Lacking the previously mentioned specification,sam-pling should be as required in the physical property method applicable to the testing to follow the exposure.
8.3When no other sampling requirement is applicable, sampling should be as set forth in Practice D3715/D3715M.
9.Sample
9.1The sample should consist of rolls of tape.
9.1.1The quantity of tape in any sample roll need not be more than necessary to supply the specimens for the physical property tests to follow the exposure.
9.1.2No sample roll should be less than1⁄2in.(12mm)in width.
9.1.3Sample rolls should be originally wound,not rewound rolls.
10.Procedure
10.1Humidity Vessel in Oven:
10.1.1Place the sample rolls above the solution in the vessel so that roll edges lie in a horizontal plane(parallel with the liquid surface).Include no more sample rolls than will displace one fourth of the air volume in the vessel.
10.1.2Arrange the sample rolls so that all surfaces are exposed to the humid air in the vessel.Use separators that allow free air space around and between the rolls and which are non-hygroscopic.
10.1.3Close the assembly and place in the oven.
10.1.4Assure that care is taken to prevent the solution from wetting any part of the assembly(including tape),other than the reservoir it occupies,when the assembly is moved in and out of the oven.This reduces salt deposition and crystalline build-up.
10.1.5Remove the assembly from the oven after96h. Immediately remove the sample rolls from the assembly. 10.1.6Condition the sample in the standard conditioning atmosphere described in Practice D4332for a minimum of4
h with free air space around the rolls.
10.1.7Conditioning is intended to produce an equilibrium in both temperature and moisture of samples with the standard conditions.This may require24or48h for some materials.
10.1.8Ascertain if the desired equilibrium is present by performing the physical property test(s)at4h and again at some later time.If no significant difference is found,the desired equilibrium is satisfied or it is of no importance to the test outcome.
10.1.9Perform the physical examination(s)for which this accelerated aging exposure was preparatory.
N OTE1—The environment for this practice cannot occur unless the vessel used as the environment container is vented so that pressure differences between the inside and the outside of the vessel can be balanced.The environment in the vessel is dependent on careful obser-vation of the requirements of loading in relationship to vessel volume and liquid surface area in accordance with Section7.
10.2Humidity Chamber:
10.2.1Place the sample rolls on a rack in the humidity chamber so that roll edges lie in a horizontal plane.Include no more sample rolls than will displace one fourth of the air volume in the chamber
10.2.2Arrange the sample rolls so that all surfaces are exposed to the humid air in the chamber.Use separators that allow free air space around and between the rolls and which are non-hygroscopic.
10.2.3Close humidity chamber.
10.2.4Remove the tape from the humidity chamber after96 h.
3Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,American Chemical Society,Washington,DC.For Suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary,U.S.Pharmacopeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,
MD.
10.2.5Condition the sample in the standard conditioning atmosphere described in Practice D 4332for a minimum of 4h with free air space around the rolls.
10.2.6Conditioning is intended to produce an equilibrium in both temperature and moisture of samples with the standard conditions.This may require 24or 48h for some materials.10.2.7Ascertain if the desired equilibrium is present by performing the physical property test(s)at 4h and again at some later time.If no significant difference is found,the desired equilibrium is satisfied or it is of no importance to the test outcome.
10.2.8Perform the physical examination(s)for which this accelerated aging exposure was preparatory.
11.Report
11.1In reporting data obtained by any examination follow-ing this exposure,make reference to this practice by designa-tion.Use the form:Performance of test data reported here followed exposure by ASTM Practice D 3611.12.Keywords
12.1accelerated aging;pressure-sensitive tape
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.NOTES ON THE EFFECT OF THIS EXPOSURE ON PHYSICAL PROPERTY TEST V ARIABILITY AND THE
EXPOSURE’S RELATIONSHIP TO NATURAL AGING
X1.1Industry experience shows that this exposure can have a variable effect on the tape.This is like the variability in any test method that we commonly term its precision.It is an effect due to the small differences that occur in performing any step of a process.For instance,when repeating this conditioning one might not set the temperature exactly the same or the atmospheric pressure might vary or the purity of the salt might differ from different vendors.These small differences result in slightly different aging of the tape from time to time.This variation does not appear as something we can measure directly on its own.It is superimposed on the variability inherent in performance of the subsequent physical property test for which this conditioning was preparatory.We do not expect this superimposed (added)variability effect to be great.Since it is seen as a change in the apparent variability of the physical property test results,we can relate it to the expected precision of the test by making the following statement:X1.2The effect of this exposure on the inter-laboratory precision of any physical property test performed on the same lot of product is expected to be no more than 25%increase in dispersion over that expected from the test without first performing the accelerated aging exposure.An illustration of this can be made with the peel adhesion test.If that test had a precision statement reading,“The multi-laboratory precision of the peel adhesion method is 612%of the mean at the 95%confidence level,”we would expect that after this conditioning
the response to the peel test would make that precision to appear to have lessened to 615%of the mean.
X1.3It should be explained that with pressure-sensitive tapes,as with other materials which are “destroyed”during the testing process,one can never measure the same physical property more than once on the same specimen of tape.This means that a measurement of precision for a physical property test on tape always has as one of its components the inherent variability between tape specimens.Aging reduces this inher-ent variability between specimens for some types of tape and some tests.Therefore this conditioning does not always cause an increase in dispersion.
X1.4ASTM subgroup studies show that the relationship between this exposure and any natural aging is irregular and varies not only with the test but also the tape product.4It was said in 5.1that this exposure produces an effect in the response which would occur with approximately two years of natural aging.For example,a given type of tape a specified physical property test might yield data comparable to 2.5years of natural aging.A different type of tape could yield data comparable to more or less than that time period.
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