一、施工准备

1）、桩位线验收完毕。

2）、钻机施工场地平整、硬实。

3）、钻机电源连接、调试完毕，钻机、地泵及混凝土泵送管整体验收完毕。

二、主要材料、机具

1）、设备：螺旋钻机（功率110KW），混凝土泵，普通水准仪一台，震锤，汽车吊（25T）。

2）、材料：混凝土（C25，塌落度220~240cm）、钢筋笼（已验收）。

三、施工工艺、方法                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

1、工艺流程：

桩位放线→钻机就位→调整钻杆垂直度→钻进出土至设计孔深→移机测孔深→吊放钢筋笼→浇注混凝土

2、设计参数：

护坡桩桩长13.6米，桩顶标高自然地面下-5.5m，钢筋笼笼顶标高自然地面。

3、施工工艺：

1）、就位前应复查孔位，桩机根据所放桩位就位。就位后，钻尖封口，对准桩位，并采用双向垂法将转杆调垂直。 

2）钻孔时采用隔桩跳打方法，以防止影响临近桩成桩质量。

3）、根据土层情况确定钻进速度：杂填土、粘性土、砂卵石层为0.2～0.5m/min；素填土、粘性土、粉土、砂层为1.0～1.5m/min。施工前应根据试钻结果进行调整，不得反转或提升钻杆。

4）、钻至桩底标高后，应立即将钻机上的软管与地泵管相连，并在软管内泵入水泥浆或水泥砂浆，以起湿润软管和钻杆作用。灌料前将钻杆预提30cm左右，然后开泵灌料。在对桩底泵压混凝土时应停止提钻，并保持压力8~10S。

5）、钻头到达设计标高后，钻杆停止钻动，开始泵送混合料，泵送量达到钻杆芯管一定高度后，方可提钻（禁止先提钻再泵料）。一边泵送混合料一边提钻,提钻速率控制必须与泵送量相匹配，保证钻头始终埋混凝土液面以下，以避免进水、夹泥等质量缺陷的发生。成桩过程宜连续进行（应避免后台上料慢造成的供料不足、停机待料现象），直至桩体混合料高出桩顶设计标高。

若施工中因其它原因不能连续灌注混合料，须根据勘察报告和施工已掌握的场地土质情况，避开饱和砂土、粉土层，不宜在这些土层内暂停泵送混合料，避免地下水侵入桩体。成桩过程中必须保证排气阀正常工作，防止成桩过程中发生堵管。施工时要始终保持混凝土泵料斗内的混合料液面在料斗底面以上一定高度，以免泵送时吸入空气，造成堵管。在混合料浇注过程中，应及时、准确地填写《桩基工程施工记录》。

5）、搅拌泵送或提钻要密切协调，避免灌注过程引起的断桩、缩径。桩底泵压混凝土时应停止提钻，并保持压力8~10S。钻杆的提升速度与砼泵送量应一致，应通过试桩确定提升速度及何时停止泵送。遇到饱和砂土或饱和粉土层，不得停泵待料，并减慢提升速度。严格控制提钻速度，保证商砼淹没钻具1.0m以上。施工中保持连续浇灌，如必须间断时，间隔时间不得大于1小时，并且每隔约15min使地泵正反泵几下，防止堵管。压灌砼过程中应经常检查排气阀是否工作正常，如不能正常工作要及时修复。搅拌、泵送或提钻要密切协调，避免灌注过程引起的断桩、缩径。

6）钻孔弃土清运的技术要求

施工时，钻孔弃土应及时清运，以避免影响施工速度，弃土的清运应按设计单位书面技术交底进行，并有专人指挥。弃土清运时应注意保护桩位放线点，避免桩位点移位或丢失。

7）钢筋由吊车吊放，加装振捣捶，垂直放入孔中，待其自然下落停止后，开振捣棒振入。吊放过程应由专人扶住钢筋笼并居孔中心，避免钢筋笼卡住或碰撞孔壁。顶标高控制采用普通水准仪监测控制，保证桩顶标高误差控制在+200mm内。

四、成品保护

减少扰动基底土。避免造成桩顶标高以下的桩体横向断裂。

五、质量控制标准

1）、商品砼试块制作应按规范要求进行。

2）、桩位允许偏差：不大于100mm。

3）、桩径允许偏差±50mm。

4）、砼塌落度220~240mm。

5）、桩长允许偏差+300mm。

6）、桩身垂直度允许偏差：不大于1 %。

六、安全注意事项

1、人身安全

1) 加强安全教育，定期组织职工学习安全生产知识和各种规章制度，安全操作规程。新工人上岗前必须先进行安全知识培训，经培训合格后方准上岗。

2) 凡进入现场人员必须戴安全帽，严禁吸烟喝酒，不得穿拖鞋或赤脚或光背进入现场。

3）操作手必须持证上岗，严禁非操作手上机操作。

4) 设备装吊或钻机移位时，应按负荷选择索具。严禁吊钩吊人，起吊物体不准在吊物下站人，更不得在物体上站人。

5) 抬运重物时，必须统一口号，同起同落，以免伤人。

6）禁止私自拆改防护设备；施工现场禁止追逐打闹。

7）严禁从高处向低处抛投物品，以免引起安全事故，严禁从禁止通行的区域行走。

8）长螺旋钻机提钻后应将粘在钻杆上面的土清理干净，周边5米处严禁站人。

2、用电安全

1) 现场配电、接线必须电工进行，电工必须持证上岗。电工操作必须穿戴必要的绝缘保护用品。

2) 现场使用的电气设备、线缆等，在使用前均需进行检查其绝缘性能，不符合要求者，严禁使用。

3) 配电系统必须实行分级配电。各类配电箱、开关箱的安装和内部设计必须符合有关规定。箱内电器必须可靠、完好，其选型、定值要符合规定。配电电器、电缆应满足用电荷载要求，严禁超负荷用电。

4）设备要采取防雨，防水措施，以免因雨、水损坏绝缘。

5) 的配电系统必须采用三相五线制的接零保护系统，非系统可根据现场实际情况采取相应的接地或接零保护方式。各种电气设备和电力施工机械的金属外壳必须采取可靠的接零或接地保护。

6) 电焊机应单独设开关。外壳必须做接零或接地保护。一次线长度应小于5米，二次线长度应小于30米，两侧接线应压接牢固，并安装可靠的防护罩。焊把线应双线到位，不得借用其它金属物。焊把线应绝缘良好。电焊机设置地点应防雨、防潮、防砸。从事电焊操作人员必须配符合规定的带绝缘防护用品。

7) 手持电动工具应符合国家有关标准和规定。工具的电源线、插头和插座应完好，其外绝缘应完好无损。

8) 现场照明必须按规定布线和装设灯具，并在电源一侧加装漏电保护器。

9）移动、检修电器设备必须先切断电源，严禁带电操作。

10) 现场施工人员不得随意操作与自己工作无关的电器设备。

11) 对现场用电线路、设施进行定期检查，及时发现、消除事故隐患。

3、机械设备安全

1) 现场所用设备布局合理。安装牢稳，周正，清洁，符合规范要求。

2) 定期对使用设备维护保养、保证不带病运转，设备完好率达到规定标准。

3) 严格按规程进行操作，发现机械故障及时处理，不得强行运转，以免损坏设备或降低设备使用寿命

4、环保措施

1）施工时选择噪音小的施工机械，减少噪音源。

2）施工时合理错开各道工序，避免产生集中噪音。

3）施工垃圾要进行分捡处理，分捡出的废弃物由派专门人员统一进行清运。

4）清运垃圾时，要用封闭式小车，装物品不要过满，以免造成遗漏。

5）作业面清理必须做到活完料尽脚下清，多余材料要按标准分类，分类堆放，码放整齐。