一、英语字母发音表
A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:] E e [i:]
F f [ef] G g [d3i:] H h [eit∫] I i [ai] J j [d3ei]
K k [kei] L l [el] M m [em] N n [en] O o [əu]
P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:]
U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w [′dʌblju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai]
Z z [zi:][zed]
2、英语国际音标表 (48个)
元音(20个)
长元音 | /ɑ:/ | /ɔ:/ | / ə:/ | /i:/ | /u:/ | ||
短元音 | / ʌ/ | /ɔ / | /ə/ | /ɪ/ | /ʊ/ | /e/ | /æ/ |
双元音 | /eɪ/ | /aɪ/ | /ɔɪ/ | /ɪə/ | /eə/ | /ʊə/ | |
/əʊ/ | /aʊ/ |
轻辅音 | /p/ | / t/ | / k/ | /f/ | /θ/ | /s/ |
浊辅音 | /b/ | /d/ | /g/ | /v/ | /ð/ | /z/ |
轻辅音 | /ʃ/ | / h/ | /ts/ | /tʃ/ | /tr/ | |
浊辅音 | /ʒ/ | / r/ | /dz/ | /dʒ/ | /dr/ | |
鼻 音 | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | |||
半元音 | / j/ | / w/ | ||||
边 音 | / ǀ/ |
音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] [ŋ] [l]例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。
四、如何划分音节?
①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。
例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er
五、什么是重读音节?
重读音节指的是单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。
六、什么叫开音节?
开音节分两种,一种叫绝对开音节,相对开音节。
①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no she so hi
②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex-cuse.
七、什么叫闭音节?
单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup
八、英语单词拼读规则
1、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
a 在开音节中 [ei ] name plane Jane baby cake date
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese be she
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [əʊ] those close go note home no
在闭音节中 [ ɔ] clock not box shop shock hot
u 在开音节中 [ju:] excuse duty tune cute fume huge
在闭音节中 [ ʌ] bus cup jump much lunch nut
2. 元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
a [ə] China ['tʃainə] another [ə'nʌðə] woman ['wumən] breakfast ['brekfəst]
[i] orange ['ɔrindʒ] comrade['kɔmrid] village['vilidʒ] cabbage ['kæbidʒ]
e [ə] hundred ['hʌndrəd] student ['stju:dənt] open ['əupən] children ['tʃildrən]
[i] chicken['tʃikin] pocket ['pɔkit] begin [bi'ɡin] semester[si'mestə]
i [ə] holiday['hɔlədi] beautiful['bju:ti/əful] family['fæmə/ili] animal ['æni/əməl]
[ai] exercise['eksəsaiz] satellite ['sætəlait]
o [ə] second ['sekənd] tonight [tə'nait] welcome['welkəm]
[ əu] also['ɔ:lsəu] zero['ziərəu, 'zi:rəu] photo ['fəutəu]
u [ ə] autumn ['ɔ:təm] difficult['difikəlt] upport [sə'pɔ:t]
[ju] popular ['pɔpjulə] January['dʒænjuəri]
3.元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
a在[w]音后面读 [ ɔ] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前读 [ɑ:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i 在-nd -ld -gh前读 [ai] find bind mind child mild light high fight
o在-st -ld前读 [əu] most host postcard old cold sold hold
o在m n v th前读 [ ʌ] come monkey love mother
4. -r音节元音字母在重读音节中的读音
ar [ɑ:] car farm dark sharp large
ar在[w]音后面读[ ɔ:] warm quarter ['kwɔ:tə] toward [tə'wɔ:d]
or[ɔ:] forty morning short sport north
or在[w]音后面读[ ə:] word worker worse world worm
er ir ur [ ə:] certainly['sə:tənli] term bird sir Thursday nurse
5. -re音节元音字母在重读音节中的读音
are [εə ] care dare hare pare bare ware
ere [iə ] here mere sere
ire [aiə ] fire hire wire tire dire sire
ore [ ɔ:] more score before pore
ure [juə ] pure cure lure
6. 元音字母在重读音节中的读音
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play way say
air [εə] air hair chair pair repair fair
a l [ɔ:l] small ball talk wall all always also salt almost
al 在f m前 [ɑ:] half calm palm balm
au/aw [ɔ:] autumn daughter draw saw paw raw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please seat reach
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great steak
ear [iə] hear dear near clear year sear tear
[εə ] bear pear wear swear
[ə:] earth learn early pearl search
ee [i:] eep week green three tree need
eer [iə ] pioneer deer beer peer veer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they ley
[i:] either key
ew [ju:] new few newspaper pew mew
在j l r 后 [u:] flew brew crew drew jewelry
oa [əu] oat Joan boat goal coat coal
oar/oor [ɔ:] roar board aboard abroad blackboard door floor moor
oi/oy [ɔi ] noise point coin moist toilet boy toy soy joyful
oo I. 重读音节词尾的字母组合oo发音素[u:]的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(动物园),room(房间)
等;
II. 在辅音字母f, l, m, n, s前的字母组合oo也发音素[u:]的音。如:roof(屋顶),school(学
校),soon(不久),goose(鹅)等.有一个特例词要特别注意,它就是:wool[u](羊毛);
III. 在字母t前的字母组合oo发音素[u:]的音。如:boot(靴子),tooth(牙齿),特例
词:foot[u](脚);
IV. 字母组合oo在字母d和k前发音素[u]的音。如:good(好),book(书),look(看),特例
词:food[u:](食物);
V. 在复合词的非重读音节中的字母组合oo发音素[u]的音。如:bedroom(卧
室),classroom(教室)等;
VI. 在字母l和d之间的字母组合oo发音素[ʌ]的音。如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等.
ou/ow [au] flower house count down mouth mountain allow sound brow
[əu] know row throw though follow below
[ ʌ] young country enough tough
[u:] group soup
our [ɔ:] course your four pour
[auə ] our hour ours sour
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i]/ [jui]/[u:i] tuition[tju:'iʃən] suicide['sjuisaid] fluid [flu(:)id]
[u:] juice fruit suit
7、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词
ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey
ow [əu] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [ʃən] impression[im'preʃən] congressional nation emotion
-sion在元音字母后 [ʒən] vision['viʒən] decision occasion confusion
-tion在s后 [tʃən] question['kwestʃən] suggestion [səɡ'dʒestʃən]
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [ʒə] pleasure measure treasure leisure
-ture [tʃə] picture culture future lecture
8、辅音字母的读音
b [b] bike bus bag Bible
在 m后不发音 [/] bomb tomb comb
c [k] cake picture coat music
c在e前或在i/y前[s] face decide cinema cycle piece
ch [tʃ ] much chick rich teacher check watch catch China
[k] school headache chemistry technology
[ʃ] machine [mə'ʃi:n] Chicago [ʃi'kɑ:ɡəu]
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand d ay
-dge [dʒ] bridge fridge knowledge edge
dr- [dr] children driver drink drama draw
f [f] five four breakfast frustrate
g g在e /i /y前 [dʒ] general manage managing gym gyp
在a, o , 前 [g] bag garden guide gold go
gh [f] cough enough rough laugh tough
有时不发音 [/] light daughter high fight sight
gu- /-gue [g] guess league dialogue guitar guide
h [h] head house hand hot hundred
在o前面有时不发音 [/] hour honest honor
j [dʒ] jeep jar joke join July jam
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock knew
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come example
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
n [n] not shine ten note
在[k] 音前[ŋ] uncle thank think angry hungry
-ng [ŋ] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen sharp
ph [f] elephant photo telephone physical
q [k] Iraq Qatar
qu- quality quite quarrel quantity square
-que [k] cheque
r [r] red rubber ruler
s 在词首或清辅音前,元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] muscle science sleep desk sister
在元音字母u后面多数情况下读[z] music husband business excuse refuse
sh [ʃ] finish wash fish shirt shock
t 在通常情况下, [t] ten letter meet
在弱读字母ia ie io前[ ʃ] patient ['peiʃənt] nation ['neiʃən] retia['ri:ti, 'rei--ʃiə]
tch [tʃ] watch catch match fetch
th 在通常情况下 [θ] three bath think math thirteen
在冠词、代词、介词和连词中[ð] the those with though then
在词尾-the和-ther中 [ð] mother father clothe
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
不发音 [/] answer two
wh- 在字母o前 [h] who whose whole
其他 [w] what when white why
x [ks] box text exercise express
在重读元音前[gz] example exist exact
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo
ts [ts] cats lots pets boots
ds [dz] beds kids deeds 下载本文