Who is Percy Buttons?
I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
参考译文
我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子。昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门,问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。作为回报,那乞丐头顶地倒立起来,嘴里还唱着歌。我给了他一顿饭。他把食物吃完,又喝了酒。然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了。后来,一位邻居告诉了我他的情况。大家都认识他,他叫珀西.巴顿斯。他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次,总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒。
一、单词讲解:New words and expressions
beggar n. 乞丐 food n. 食物
pocket n.衣服口袋 call v.拜访,光顾
beggar n. 乞丐
beg [beg] v. 乞求,行乞
重读闭音节,需双写g。类似的词有:
begin, dig, run, swim, drag, big, rob
a begging letter 求援信
beg sth from sb 乞求…..,向……行乞 = beg for sth from sb
例. Percy Buttons begged for a meal and a glass of bear from me.
帕西·巴顿斯向我讨要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。
相当于:Percy Buttons asked me for a meal and a glass of bear.
ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物
beg sth from sb (更谦卑)向某人要,要求某物
例. My little brother asks me for lucky money every year.
我的弟弟每年都向我要压岁钱。
例. The girl asked her mother for that beautiful skirt.
那个小女孩向她妈妈要那条漂亮的裙子。
beg sb for sth 恳求,祈求(以谦虚的姿态要求)
例. Set him free, I beg you! 我求求你,饶了他吧!
beg sb not to do sth 祈求某人不做某事
beg sb to do sth 祈求某人去做某事
例. They begged us not to punish them. 他们祈求我们不要惩罚他们。
例. He knew that he had burt her and begged her to forgive him.
他知道他伤害了她,恳求她原谅。
I beg your pardon!
1) I'm sorry. / Excuse me. 对不起,请原谅。
2) Please repeat that. / Pardon 请再说一遍
beg somebody off 为某人求情 beg a favor of somebody 恳求别人帮忙
v + er/or/ar 可以表达"人"的概念
work-worker 工人; sail-sailor 水手; beg-beggar 乞丐
例. Beggars can't be choosers. 饥不择食(谚语)
beggar 家伙,(口语)有戏虐之意
例. You lucky beggar! 你这家伙真幸运!
food n.
1) [u] 食物,通常为不可数名词
例. We can't live for long without food and water. 没有食物和水我们活不长。
mental food 精神食粮
food for thought 应思考之事
2) [u] 作为特种食品时,可作为可数名词
baby foods 婴儿食品 health foods 健康食品
frozen foods 冷冻食品 breakfast foods 早餐食物
a favorite food 最喜欢的一种食物
3) food chain 食物链
pocket n. 口袋,兜儿,衣袋
trouser pocket 裤子口袋 pocket dictionary 袖珍字典
pocket-knife 袖珍小刀 pocket money 零花钱,一般指孩子的零花钱
beer money 男士零花钱
allowance (Am) 零花钱
put one's hand in one's pocket 愿意花钱
pick somebody's pocket 扒窃
pickpocket n. 扒手,尤指在人多处行窃的
put somebody's pride in one's pocket 姑且忍辱负重
call v./n.
1) v. 拜访
call on sb 拜访某人 call at some place 拜访某地
visit sb 拜访某人 visit sp 参观某地
drop in on sb 拜访某人 drop in at sp 参观某地
区别:visit 是最为正式的参观或拜访,指那种经过准备的,比较长时间的,比较正式的参观或拜访;call on sb, call at some place 在口语中更为常见,表示那种比较短时间的非正式访问等含义;drop in on sb, drop in at sp 更为不正式,表示顺道拜访。
2) v. 打电话
call sb up=ring sb up 给某人打电话
例. I'll call you up this evening. 今天晚上我会给你打电话的。
call for 要求,需要
例. This occasion calls for prompt action. 这种场合需要紧急行动。
3) n.
a call for help 求助,求救; a cry for help 求助,求救; call girl 应召女郎
pay a call on a friend 拜访朋友,相当于:call on a friend
roll call=call the roll 点名
roll 卷状物;正式的表格,登记表;(尤指)名单,报名册
二、关键句型:Key structures
1. 不定冠词 a/an
(1)表示“一”这个数量,意思和“one”近似
例. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一日建成的。
(2)“某一个”(泛指)
例.This poem was written by a student.
这首诗是一个学生所写的(究竟指哪个学生不清楚)
(3)和名词一起代表一类人或东西
例.A teacher must love his student. 老师必须爱学生
2、定冠词The
(1)表示特指的人或物,与不定冠词泛指用法对应。
例.This is the head of our delegation. 这是我们代表团的团长。
例.We must catch the next bus. 我们必须去赶上下一班车。
(2)与某些名词连用,表示一个民族,阶级或阶层等等。
例.Life was hard for the working class. 对于工人阶级来讲,生活很艰难。
例.The Chinese people are industrious and brave. 中国人民是勤劳与勇敢的。
(3)也和可数名词单数连用,代表一类人或东西
例.The lion is found in Africa. 狮子在美洲被发现
例.The fox may grow gray, but never good. 江山易改,本性难移。
(4)表示世界上独一无二的东西
The sun 太阳/ the earth 地球/ the sky 天空
(5) 与形容词连用,代表一类人或东西
The rich 富人; the poor 穷人; the oppressed 被压迫的人; the deaf 聋人
例.This was nothing out of the ordinary. 没能什么不同寻常的。
3、some 不定代词
(1)可以用来修饰可数名词单数,表示“某一个”
例.You’ll regret it some day. 总有一天你会后悔。
(2)修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,表示“一些”
例.I need some reference books. 我需要一些参考书。
例.Give them some fruit. 给他们一些水果。
4、一般来说,专有名词如人名,地名,街道,城市,国家等前不加冠词。
人名:John, Tina
地名:China, Hong Kong, London
其它:January, Saturday, German
例.John lives in England. He has a house in London. His house is in Duke Street. Last year he went to Madrid. John likes Spain very much. He goes there every summer.
5、在表示一种笼统概念的陈述名中也可以省略a 或 some.
例. Yesterday I bought a book. Books are not very expensive.
昨天我买了一本书。书不很贵。
例. I have just drunk a glass of milk. Milk is very refreshing.
我刚刚喝了一杯牛奶,牛奶很提神。
例. Mrs. Jones bought a bag of flour, a bag of sugar and some tea.
琼斯太太买了一袋面粉,一袋糖和一些茶叶。
例. She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocer’s
她总是在食品店买面粉,糖和茶叶。
Key structures——Exercise A
给以下词组分别加上a或some
meat some meat
desk a desk
tobacco some tobacco
tin of beans a tin of beans
comb a comb
city a city
cloth some cloth 表示布,布料
a cloth 表示某种用途的布
oil some oil
bottle of beer a bottle of beer
day a day
word a word
student a student
sugar some sugar
rain some rain
orange an orange
rubber a rubber 一块橡皮
some rubber 一些橡胶
Key structures——Exercise B
给以下列词组造句,用a, the或some
1) found/coin/garden
例.I found a coin in the garden. 我在花园里发现了一枚硬币。
2) made/ coffee
例.She made some coffee. 她煮了一些咖啡。
3) cut/ wood/ fire
例.I cut some wood for a fire. 我砍了一些木材为点火。
4) bought/ newspaper.
例.I bought a newspaper. 我买了一份报纸。
5) bird/ there/ in/ sky
例.There is a bird in the sky. 天空里有一只鸟。
三、课文讲解:Text
I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street.
move v./n
1) 移动,改变位置
move a chair nearer to the fire. 把椅子移进这堆火
2)搬家,迁居
move from…to 从某地搬到某地去
move to a new house 搬进新房子
例.He couldn’t pay his rent, so he had to move out.
他付不起房租,所以他不得不搬家。
3)使人动心而(流泪,微笑等)
例.Her story moved us to tears. 她的故事令人感动得流泪。
例.We were greatly moved by his performance of the piano concerto.
我们为他的钢琴演奏曲演奏而感动不已。
4)提议
例.I move for the suspension of further discussion.
我提议延缓进一步言论问题。(suspension [səˈspenʃən] n. 暂停,延缓)
5)(事情)进行,进展
例.It is necessary to move on the problem soon.
立刻着手处理这个问题是有必要的。
move about 四处走动 move around 四处走动
move away 搬家 move up 晋升
move out 迁出,搬出去 move over 挪开些
6) n.棋子的一步棋
例. It’s your move. 轮到你下棋了。
7)手段,措施
make a move 采取行动 on the move 在进展中,在移动中
get a move on 催促前进
Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.
return
1). 回报,作为报答
in return for 回报
例.I bought him a present in return for his help.
作为他帮助的回报,我为他买了一份礼物。
a return visit 回访
a poor return for one’s kindness 以薄礼回报他的好意。
a return ticket 往返票
2). v. 返回
return home from abroad 回国
return to…from… 从…归来,返回
return sth to sb 归还,送回
例. You must return the book in a week. 你必须一周之内归还这本书。
例. The enemy returned our fire. 敌人还击
3)v. (疾病等)发作,重犯
例:My toothache returned in a few hours. 几个小时之后,我的牙疼又犯了。
stand on one’s head 头顶地倒立 head over heels 头顶地倒立
stand (stood, stood)
1) v. 站立, 直立
例. Stand still while I take your photograph. 当我给你拍照时,站着别动。
2)v. 起立
例. Stand up! 起立!
3)v. 容忍 (尤用于否定句和疑问句中,与can/ could 连用,不能用于进行时态。)
例. She’s not going to stand for her own children disobeying her.
她不能容忍孩子不服从她。
例. He can’t stand hot weather. 他受不了炎热的天气。
I gave him a meal. 我给了他一顿饭.
give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人什么东西
I gave the meal to him.
He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away.
a piece of cheese 一块奶酪
不可数名词要表示‘一个’这类概念时,加a piece of 这类定语
a piece of news 一条新闻 a fit of anger 一股怒气
a slip of paper 一条纸 a length of cloth 一块布
a block of ice 一大块冰 a grain of rice 一粒米
a lump of sugar 一块方糖
Later a neighbour told me about him. 后来一位邻居告诉了我关于他的情况。
tell
1) v. 告诉
tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 tell you a secret 告诉你一个秘密
2)v. 辨认
tell the difference between A and B 辨认A和B之间的区别。
tell a lie 说谎
3)tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于什么事
例.One of my neighbors told me about him. 我那个邻居告诉我关于他的情况。
to tell the truth 老实讲 tell the tale 话说得可怜以博取同情
例. You’re telling me. 不用你说,我早就知道。(口)
例. You never can tell. 谁也不敢说。
Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
in the street(Br) 在大街上 on the street(Am) 在大街上
once a month 一个月一次 once a year 一年一次
once a week 一星期一次
难点Special difficulties
有些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后,就会改变含义。这种新的组合被称作动词短语。
1. I put your book on the shelf. 我把你的书放在书架上。
I put on my hat and left the house. 我戴上帽子,离开了屋子
2. Who took my umbrella? 谁拿走了我的伞?
It was very hot, so took off my hat. 天很热,因此我脱掉了外套
3. Come and look at my photograph album. 过来,看看我的相册。
I am looking for my pen. I lost it this morning.
我正在找我的钢笔,我今天早上把它弄丢了。
Will you look after the children for me please? 请你帮我照看一下孩子们,好吗?
关于 knock 的短语:
1. A beggar knocked at my door. (knocked at the door 敲门)
2. I knocked the vase off the table and broke it.
我把花瓶从桌上碰掉,把它打碎了。(knock sth off 把…碰掉了)
3. He always knocks off at six o’clock. 他总是6点钟下班。
He finishes his work at six o’clock. 他总是6点钟下班。
4. The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill. 售票员给了10%的优惠
He reduced the price by 10%. 售票员给了10%的优惠
5. A car knocked the boy over. 汽车把男孩撞倒了。
It hit him so hard and made him fall. 汽车把男孩撞倒了。
6. In the fight, the thief knocked the policeman out. 在搏斗中小偷把打昏了。
Special difficulties——Exercises A
根据上下文填上正确的介词和副词
1. He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.
他根本不知道怎么打,但是把那个拳击手(败)。
2. This flowerpot is broken, who knocked it over?
这个花盆碎了,谁把它打翻的?
pot n. 锅,用于某种用途的各种容器
flowerpot 花盆 teapot 茶壶
A chicken in every pot,a car in every garage. 家家锅里有只鸡,家家车库有汽车
3. I knocked off early yesterday and went to a football match.
我昨天早下班,去看足球赛。
4. Listen! Someone is knocking at the window! 听!有人在敲窗户!
Special difficulties——Exercises B
用含有knock的短语动词来替句中的词组
1. The old lady hit the thief over the head with a candlestick and now he is unconscious. 这个老太太用蜡烛台敲在贼的头上,现在这个贼毫无知觉。
→The old lady hit the thief over the head with a candlestick and knocked him out.
2. At what time do you finish work every day?
你每天几点钟结束工作?
→At what time do you knock off every day?
3. The shopkeeper reduced the price of all his goods by 20%.
这个店主降低了货物保价格20%
→The shopkeeper knocked 20% off the price of all his goods.
四、练习:Exercises
1、Everybody knows him. A know him. 每个人都认识他。
A.They all B. Each C. Every D. All they
分析:
A.他们都; B.每一个,Each 做主语,后边动词应为单数第3人称;
C. Every 形容词不能做主语; D. All 后面加代词应是 all of them
2、 D does he call? Once a month. 他多久打一次电话?每个月一次。
A.How seldom B. how long C. How soon D. How often
分析:
A.有多少; B.多久; C.有多快; D.多久一次。
3、She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the A of cheese in his pocket.
A.bit B. bar C. block D. packet
分析:
A.小块,片; B.长条,长块; C.大块的; D.小包
4、when I met Mrs. Smith this morning,she D you and your family.
A. asked for B. asked of C. asked over D. asked after
分析:
A.要求,要; B和C的搭配是错误的,ask不和of和over搭配。
D.问候,问好,是固定词组
今天早上遇到史密斯夫人的时候,她仍候了你和你的家人。
五、复习:Review
1、Key Structure
掌握a, the, some 的用法,看下列句子
例. Yesterday I bought a book. 昨天我买了一本书。
例. Yesterday I bought some books. 昨天我买了一些书。
例. Yesterday I bought the book you recommended. 昨天我买你推荐的那本书。
some, a均为泛指,前者可以跟复数名词或不可数名词,后者只能接单数名词;the 是特指,在段落中,某事物或人第一次出现时用a,再出现时一般用the.
例. A man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat. 一个男的向我走来。这个人提着包裹。包里装满了肉。
2、Main Points:
beg sth from sb 向某人讨要… beg for sth of sb 向某人讨要…
ask sb for sth 向某人要..
beg sb to do sth 企求某人做某事 beg sb not to do sth 企求某人不做某事
I beg your pardon? 请再说一遍 food chain 食物链
call on sb 拜访某人 call up 打电话
call for 需要 call the roll 点名
move to a house 搬进一幢房子 in return for sth 作为...回报
stand on one’s head 倒立 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事
六、补充内容:
量词
a coat of 一层
例. He wiped a thin coat of dust of the plate with his sleeve.
他用袖子揩去盘子上一层薄薄的灰尘。
a crust of 一层
例. There was a thin crust of dirt around the bath.
浴缸四周有层薄薄的污垢下载本文