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ASTM钢铁标准.F432

2025-09-25 23:07:47 责编:小OO

Designation:F432–04

Standard Speciﬁcation for

Roof and Rock Bolts and Accessories1

This standard is issued under theﬁxed designation F432;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1.Scope*

1.1This speciﬁcation covers the chemical,mechanical,and dimensional requirements for roof and rock bolts and accesso-ries.Addressed in this speciﬁcation are double-end threaded and slotted steel bars;fully grouted bolts and threaded bars; mechanical anchorage devices used for point anchorage appli-cations;roof truss systems;partially grouted deformed bolts; formable anchorage devices;and other frictional anchorage devices.All of these products represent various designs used for ground support systems.This speciﬁcation can be revised to address new technologies.

1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.3This hazard statement applies only to Section10,Test Methods of this speciﬁcation.This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2.Referenced Documents

2.1ASTM Standards:2

A29/A29M Speciﬁcation for Steel Bars,Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought,General Requirements for

A47/A47M Speciﬁcation for Ferritic Malleable Iron Cast-ings

A194/A194M Speciﬁcation for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Pressure or High-Temperature Service,or Both

A220Speciﬁcation for Pearlitic Malleable Iron

A370Test Methods and Deﬁnitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products

A536Speciﬁcation for Ductile Iron Castings

A563Speciﬁcation for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts

A568/A568M Speciﬁcation for Steel,Sheet,Carbon,and High-Strength,Low-Alloy,Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for

A615/A615M Speciﬁcation for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement

A751Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products

D1248Speciﬁcation for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials for Wire Cable

F436Speciﬁcation for Hardened Steel Washers

F606Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers,and Rivets

2.2ASME Standards:3

B1.1Uniﬁed Screw Threads

B1.3M Screw Thread Gaging Systems for Dimensional Acceptability—Inch and Metric Screw Threads

B18.2.2Square and Hex Nuts

3.Terminology

3.1Deﬁnitions:

3.1.1bearing plates,plate washers,mine roof plates—plates that serve to distribute the load from the exposed end of the bolt or threaded bar to the rock face or intermediate member.

3.1.1.1header plates—large rectangular bearing plates, usually6in.(152mm)wide by16to18in.(406.4to457.2 mm)long,or any other shape with an equivalent area,used in substitution for wooden header blocks for wider distribution of the bolt load than is possible with standard bearing plates. 3.1.2bendable bolts—bolts furnished with an altered sec-tion at some location,to be speciﬁed by the customer,at which the bar will bend.

1This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02on Steel Bolts, Nuts,Rivets,and Washers.

Current edition approved Aug.1,2004.Published August2004.Originally approved in1975.Last previous edition approved in2001as F432–95(2001).

2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM

Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.

3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME),ASME International Headquarters,Three Park Ave.,New York,NY10016-5990.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.3.1.2.1Discussion—Bending is necessary to permit instal-lation of bars longer than the mine opening height.This altered section may be produced by hot or cold forging,or by shearing, sawing,trimming,machining,grinding,or a combination of these processes.

3.1.3beveled washers—washers whose faces are at an angle permitting a headed bolt or threaded bar to be installed at a slight angle to the rock face and yet maintained the face of the bolt head perpendicular to the bolt axis.

3.1.4chemical anchors—chemical materials that provide anchorage between the bolt or bar and the drilled hole.

3.1.5expansion shells—anchorage devices that expand to grip the sides of a drilled hole mechanically and transfer load from the location of the anchor to the bar or bolt.

3.1.6extensions—threaded bars used to extend the length of threaded or threaded slotted bars.

3.1.7formable anchorage devices—any roof support de-vices that provide anchorage through some means of physical interference and engagement of the surface of a bar or bolt with any formable material,other than chemical grout,in a bore-hole.

3.1.8frictional anchorage devices—roof support devices that are designed so that the holding force acts over the full contact length.

3.1.9fully grouted bolts and threaded bars—deformed bars or plain bars used with full-length grouting and having special deformations or other design features to provide interlocking between the steel and the grout.

3.1.10hardened washers—washers that have been hard-ened by heat treatment to provide consistency to the torque tension relation necessary to control installation tension of bolts and threaded bars.

3.1.11minimum non-seizure load(MNSL)—the load level in pounds through which bolt/plug thread seizure must not occur.

3.1.12minimum ultimate load(MUL)—the load level in pounds through which bolt/plug thread failure must not occur.

3.1.13rollers,cams—moving devices that,when used with internally threaded cylinders containing external tapered slots, provide expansion to grip the sides of a drilled hole mechani-cally and transfer load from the location of the anchor to the bar or bolt.

3.1.14roof and rock bolts—headed hot-rolled bars with cold-rolled or machine-cut threads at the end,to be used with anchorage devices to hold up mine roofs,hold back walls,or hold down equipment or foundations.

3.1.15roof truss system—a roof support system incorporat-ing bolts that are joined together by crossmember(s)that is (are)tensioned by design.

3.1.16spherical washers or seats—washers that areﬂat on one side and have a spherical face on the other side.The combination of spherical washer together with a depression in the bearing plate produces a ball-and-socket joint permitting bolts to be installed at a slight angle to the rock face while still maintaining the face of the bolt head perpendicular to the bolt axis.

3.1.17tapered wedges—plain wedges that provide the expansion for threaded slotted bars.

3.1.18tension nuts—nuts that are intended to induce and maintain tension in a bolt.

3.1.19threaded bars—bars that are used with a nut on one end and an anchorage device on the other.They are used in a manner similar to the bolts described in3.1.1

3.1.20threaded couplings—couplings used to permit the assembly of additional externally threaded items.

3.1.21threaded slotted bars—bars threaded at one end each with a forged,burned,or sawed slot at the other,into which a tapered wedge can be inserted.When each assembly is driven into a bottomed hole,the wedge spreads the slot and an anchorage is produced.

3.1.22threaded tapered plugs—threaded wedge that ex-pands the expansion shell by the movement of the threaded plug within the shell as tightening progresses.

4.Ordering Information

4.1Orders for material under this speciﬁcation shall include at least the following information:

4.1.1Quantity(number of pieces),

4.1.2Name of product together with description of acces-sories,

4.1.3Dimensions,

4.1.4ASTM designation and year of issue,including strength grade,

4.1.5Special requirements,if any,including packaging and thread protection instructions,and

4.1.6Certiﬁcations,if required.

4.2The products covered by this speciﬁcation are currently produced by many manufacturers to a wide variety of designs. It is necessary for the user and the manufacturer to establish the requirements of the individual installation and to agree as to the type of assembly to be employed.See Annex A1and Appendix X1for additional information.

5.Manufacturing Processes

5.1Materials for Bolts,Extensions,and Threaded or Threaded Slotted Bars:

5.1.1Steel shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1and in Speciﬁcation A29/A29M for plain bars or TABLE1Chemical Requirements

Product Carbon,max,%Sulfur,max,%Phosphorus,max,

Heat Product Heat Product Heat Product Bolts,threaded

bars,and threaded

slotted bars A0.750.790.13B0.0500.058 Steel tapered wedges0.800.840.13B0.0500.058 Hardened spherical,

ﬂat,or beveled

washers0.800.840.0500.0580.0500.058 Spherical or beveled

washers0.800.840.0500.0580.0500.058 Bearing and header

plates 1.00 1.040.0500.0580.0500.058 Steel threaded tapered

plugs0.600.0.13B0.0500.058 Steel expansion shells0.300.330.0500.0580.0500.058 A Bars furnished in accordance with Speciﬁcation A615/A615M may be substituted

for these requirements.

B Check analysis for sulfur if a resulfurized steel is not technically appropriate.Speciﬁcation A615/A615M for plain or deformed bars unless otherwise speciﬁed.

5.1.1.1Threaded slotted bars may have the slot produced by forging,burning,or sawing.Burned slots of Grades55and75 threaded slotted bars must have the slotted end normalized by heating to a minimum of1600°F(870°C)and air cooling

subsequent to burning.

5.1.1.2Threads on bolts or threaded bars may be cold rolled or machine cut on the hot-rolled bars.

5.2Materials for Tapered Wedges for Use With Threaded Slotted Bars:

5.2.1Malleable iron casting shall conform to Speciﬁcation A47/A47M.

5.2.2Pearlitic malleable iron castings shall conform to Speciﬁcation A220,Grades45006or50005.

5.2.3Steel shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1.

5.3Materials for Expansion Shells:

5.3.1Malleable iron castings shall conform to Speciﬁcation A47/A47M.

5.3.2Steel shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1.

5.3.3Ductile iron castings shall conform to Speciﬁcation A536,Grades60-40-18.

5.4Materials for threaded tapered plugs used with expan-sion shells shall conform to the test speciﬁcations in10.8. 5.5Materials for Bearing and Header Plates,Also Known As Plate Washers or Mine Roof Plates:

5.5.1Steel shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1.

5.5.1.1Bearing and header plates may be strengthened by cold forming or may be hardened by quenching in a liquid medium from above the austenitizing temperature and temper-ing at a temperature of not less than650°F(345°C).

5.6Materials for Spherical,Flat,or Beveled Hardened Washers:

5.6.1Steel shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1.

5.6.1.1Hardened steel washers shall be through hardened by quenching in a liquid medium from above the austenitizing temperature and tempering at a temperature of not less than 650°F(345°C).Case-hardened washers are not permitted. 5.7Materials for Spherical or Beveled Washers:

5.7.1Malleable iron castings shall conform to Speciﬁcation A47/A47M.

5.7.2Pearlitic malleable iron castings shall conform to Speciﬁcation A220,Grades45006,50005,or60004.

5.7.3Steel shall conform to the requirements shown in Table1.

5.8Nuts shall be in accordance with Speciﬁcations A194/ A194M or A563.Appropriate nuts for each grade of threaded bar are shown in Table2.Higher strength nuts conforming to Speciﬁcations A194/A194M or A563may be substituted. When speciﬁed on the order or contract,nuts with external dimensions of nominal3⁄4-in.heavy hex or heavy square size may be supplied with5⁄8-in.threads for use with5⁄8-in.threaded bars.

5.9Chemical grouting materials are covered in Annex A3of this speciﬁcation.

5.10Materials for threaded couplings shall be selected by the manufacturer to ensure compliance with7.6and8.7.

5.11Materials for Bolts and Threaded Bars for Use in Grouted Systems—Plain or deformed steel bars shall conform to Table1or Speciﬁcation A615/A615M.

5.12Materials for Frictional Anchorage Devices—Sheet steel shall conform to Speciﬁcation A568/A568M.

5.13Components of roof truss systems shall be manufac-tured in accordance with the appropriate paragraph(s)of Section5of this speciﬁcation.

5.14Materials for Formable Anchors:

5.14.1Materials for formable anchor tubes are as follows: 5.14.1.1Polyethylenes used for formable anchor tubes shall conform to ASTM D1248Classiﬁcation Type III,Class A or B,Category5.

N OTE1—All shapes,compositions,and properties of formable anchor materials are not covered by this speciﬁcation.Users must ensure that the formable anchor material offered is suitable for its intended use.

6.Chemical Composition

6.1Materials used for bolts,threaded bars,threaded slotted bars,spherical,ﬂat,or beveled washers,threaded tapered plugs,tapered wedges,expansion shells,bearing plates and roof truss components shall be as speciﬁed in Table1and Section5.

6.2Materials for all cast or wrought metallic items other than those covered in6.1shall conform to the requirements as speciﬁed in Section5.

6.3Individual heats of steel or cast iron are not identiﬁed in any of theﬁnished products.

6.4Chemical analyses for steel products shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology A751.

6.5Materials for formable anchors shall conform to the requirements,if applicable,speciﬁed in Section5.

6.6Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology A751.

7.Mechanical Properties

7.1Mechanical properties of steel bars,for the manufacture of bolts,threaded bars,or threaded slotted bars shall be as speciﬁed in Table3for the required grade.

7.2Mechanical properties of steel bolts,threaded bars,and threaded slotted bars whose slots have been produced without material removal shall be as speciﬁed in Table4for the required grade.

7.3Expansion shells,threaded tapered plugs,tapered wedges,and spherical washers shall conform to the applicable speciﬁcation of Section5and shall successfully perform the required purpose as described in Annex A1.

TABLE2Appropriate Nuts

Bolt,Threaded Bar,or Threaded Slotted

Bar Grade

Nut Speciﬁcation

30(regular strength)A194,Grade1;A563,Grade B

55(high strength)A194,Grade1;A563,Grade B

(extra high strength)A194,Grade2;A563,Grade C

7.4Bearing plates and header plates that are strengthened by quenching and tempering shall have a maximum hardness of 45HRC.

7.4.1Bearing plates and header plates shall be provided in 10000-lbf (44.5-kN)grade increments.The minimum grade rating permitted shall be 20000lbf (.0kN).

7.5Hardened washers shall have a hardness range from 35to 45HRC.

7.6Threaded couplings must be capable of developing the actual yield and tensile values of the bolt,threaded bar,or threaded slotted bar with which they are to be used.

7.7Extensions must be in accordance with 7.1and 7.2for the grade of item speciﬁed.

7.8Mechanical properties for bolts and threaded bars for use in grouted systems shall be as speciﬁed in Table 3for plain bars;and Table 3or Speciﬁcation A 615/A 615M for deformed bars.Bolts and threaded bars made from plain material must contain some design feature to provide interlocking between the steel and the grout.These items can be supplied threaded or headed.

7.9Threaded slotted bars whose slots have been produced by burning shall be heat treated by normalizing in accordance with 5.1.1.The normalizing heat treatment and the removal of material from the slot,whether it be by burning or sawing,will result in lower test values.When either the burning or sawing or other methods involving metal removal are used,the mechanical properties of threaded slotted bolts shall be as speciﬁed in Table 5.

7.10Threaded tapered plugs for expansion anchors must be capable of withstanding the minimum nonseizure load (MNSL)and minimum ultimate load (MUL),in accordance with Table 6.

7.11Tension nuts must be capable of withstanding the ultimate tensile strength of the bolt or rebar of the highest grade with which they are to be used.

7.12The mechanical properties of components of roof truss systems shall be in accordance with the appropriate para-graph(s)of this section.

7.12.1Truss brackets shall be provided in 10000-lbf (44.5-kN)grade increments.

7.13Formable anchor materials shall conform to the appli-cable speciﬁcations of Section 5.

8.Dimensions,Mass,and Permissible Variations

8.1Threaded bolts shall conform to the dimensions shown in Fig.1.

8.1.1Deformed bar bolts are bars that have been forged to produce one of the standard heads described in Fig.1.

8.2Threaded and threaded slotted bars shall conform to the dimensions shown in Fig.2.8.3Thread Requirements :

N OTE 2—Thread size variations can be expected due to bar diameter and out-of-round variations.These special requirements reﬂect practices for external and internal threads that have been found to provide adequate strength and interchangeability.

8.3.1External threads shall be in accordance with ASME B 1.1UNC 1A except that the minimum pitch diameter has been reduced by 0.003in.(0.08mm)and the minimum major diameter has been reduced 0.010in.(0.25mm)to reﬂect the normal variations expected on hot-rolled bars due to the combined effect of bar diameter and out-of-round tolerances.Information on this increased tolerance is described in Note 3.The modiﬁed requirements are listed in Table 7.

N OTE 3—External threads that are to be used with threaded tapered plugs in expansion anchors are permitted to have somewhat increased pitch and major diameter tolerance.As bolt load is increased,the tendency for thread failure through nut diametrical expansion normally increases;however,in the case of threaded tapered plugs,increased load is accompanied by an increasing compression of the internal threads onto the external threads.This compensation for decreased major diameter is further augmented by the length of engagement which is longer than for standard nuts.Nuts to be used with threaded bars and threaded slotted bars shall be selected to provide adequate strength under these thread condi-tions.

8.3.2Internal threads in threaded tapered plugs and threaded couplings shall be in accordance with ASME B 1.1UNC 1B except that the threads shall be tapped oversize.This oversize is an increase in the pitch diameter of 0.003in.(0.08mm)to allow for handling damage on the external thread and dirt and long engagement in the internal thread.The maximum minor diameters are standard 1B for 11⁄2to 3diameter length of engagement.The modiﬁed requirements are listed in Table 7.8.3.3Internal threads in nuts shall be tapped standard UNC 2B size in accordance with ASME.1or may be tapped oversize in accordance with 8.3.2with agreement of producer and purchaser.

8.3.4Gaging of threads shall be performed in accordance with System 21,ASME B 1.3M.Pitch diameter and thread crest diameter limits are speciﬁed in Table 7.

8.3.5Threaded tapered plugs shall have a tapped length at least equal to one times the nominal bolt diameter with which they are to be used.

8.3.6Threaded couplings shall have a tapped length at least equal to two times the nominal bolt diameter with which they are to be used.

8.4Round and square hardened washers shall be as shown in Fig.3.

8.4.1There are two types of hardened ﬂat washers avail-able.Type 1is to be furnished unless otherwise speciﬁed.8.4.1.1Type 1is either circular or square as shown in Fig.3.It is designed for use with plate washers containing 13⁄8-in.(35-mm)holes,but may be used for all smaller hole sizes.

TABLE 3Mechanical Properties of Steel Bars for the Manufacture of Bolts,Threaded Bars,and Threaded Slotted

Bars AB

Grade

Nominal Diameter,in.C Yield Point min,psi (MPa)Tensile Strength min,

psi (MPa)Elongation in 8in.or 200mm Minimum,

40D 3⁄4–11⁄240000(276)70000(483)12555⁄8

–11⁄255000(379)85000(586)1260D 5⁄8–11⁄260000(414)90000(621)9755⁄8–11⁄275000(517)100000(688)8100

5⁄8

–11⁄2

100000

(6)125000

(862)

A Test of bars shall be performed full size.

Higher grades would be produced in 20000-psi increments.The minimum tensile strength shall be 25000psi above the minimum yield strength.The minimum elongation shall be 4%for all grades above 100.C

Actual bar diameters are somewhat less than nominal,especially when roll threading methods are employed.D

Grade 40and 60only apply to deformed bar.

8.5Bearing and header plates may be of any thickness that successfully meets the test requirements in accordance with 10.4.The maximum hole size for use with bolts up to3⁄4-in. nominal diameter shall be13⁄8in.(35mm)except that hole size may be11⁄2in.(38mm)when spherical washers or seats are used.Tolerance on hole diameter shall be−0,1⁄8in.(−0,+3.2 mm).Bearing plates for direct bearing applications shall be6 by6in.(152by152mm)with tolerances for length and width of61⁄8in.Larger bearing plates may be furnished,dimensions

TABLE4Load Support Requirements of Steel Bolts,Threaded Bars,(see Annex A2)Threaded Deformed Bars, and Threaded Slotted Bars Whose Slot Has Been Produced Without Metal Removal A

N=Newton

kN=kiloNewton

1lb=4.448N or0.004448kN

Nominal Diameter (in.)/Thread /in.

Thread

Stress Area,

in.2(mm2)

Grade

40B5560B75100 Yield lbs

(kN)C

Ultimate lbs

(kN)C

Yield lbs

(kN)C

Ultimate lbs

(kN)C

Yield lbs

(kN)C

Ultimate lbs

(kN)C

Yield lbs

(kN)C

Ultimate lbs

(kN)C

Yield lbs

(kN)C

Ultimate lbs

(kN)C

5⁄8–110.226

(1.46)D D12400

(55.16)

19200

(85.4)

13600

(60.50)

20300

(90.30)

17000

(75.6)

22600

(100.5)

22600

(100.5)

26300

(130.8)

3⁄4–100.334

(2.65)13400

(59.60)

23400

(104.08)

18400

(81.8)

28400

(126.3)

20000

(.0)

30100

(133.9)

25100

(111.6)

33400

(148.6)

33400

(146.6)

41800

(193.5)

7⁄8–90.462

(2.96)18500

(82.3)

32300

(143.7)

25400

(113.0)

39300

(174.8)

27700

(123.2)

41600

(185.0)

34700

(154.3)

46200

(205.5)

46200

(205.5)

57800

(267.3)

1–80.606

(3.91)24200

(107.6)

42400

(188.6)

33300

(148.1)

51500

(229.0)

300

(161.9)

54500

(242.4)

45500

(202.4)

60600

(269.5)

60600

(269.5)

75800

(350.5)

11⁄6–70.763

(4.92)30500

(135.7)

53400

(237.5)

42000

(186.8)

900

(286.7)

45800

(203.7)

68700

(305.6)

57200

(254.4)

76300

(339.4)

76300

(339.4)

95400

(441.2)

11⁄4–70.969

(6.25)38800

(172.6)

67800

(301.6)

53300

(237.1)

82400

(366.5)

58100

(258.4)

87200

(387.9)

72700

(323.4)

96900

(431.0)

96900

(431.0)

121100

(560.4)

13⁄8–6 1.155

(7.45)46200

(205.5)

80900

(359.8)

63500

(282.4)

96200

(436.8)

69300

(308.2)

104000

(462.6)

86600

(385.2)

115500

(513.7)

115500

(513.7)

144400

(668.1)

11⁄2–6 1.405

(9.06)56200

(250.0)

98400

(437.7)

77300

(343.8)

119400

(531.1)

84300

(375.0)

126500

(562.7)

105400

(468.8)

140500

(624.9)

140500

(624.9)

175600

(814.6)

A Tests of bolts and threaded bars shall be performed using full-diameter products.

B Information for Gr40and60only applies to deformed bars.

C Required yield and tensile loads shown are calculated by multiplying thread stress areas times the yield point and tensile strength values shown in Table3.Thread stress area is calculated from the mean root and pitch diameters of adrenal threads as follows:

A s50.7854S D20.9743n D2

where:

A s=stress area,in.2

D=nominal diameter,in.,and

n=number of threads per inch.

D5⁄8in.Gr40products are not covered.

TABLE5Load Support Requirements for Threaded Slotted Bars

Whose Slot Has Been Produced by Methods Involving Metal

Removal A

Nominal Diameter, in.Thread Stress

Area,min,in.2

(mm2)

Grade55

Yield Load,min,lbf

(kN)B

Ultimate Tensile

Load,min,lbf(kN)B

10.606(3.91)30000(133.3)400(206.2) 11⁄40.969(6.25)48000(213.4)74200(329.9) 13⁄8 1.155(7.45)57200(254.2)88400(393.1) 11⁄2 1.405(9.06)69600(309.4)107500(478.0) A Tests of bolts,threaded bars,and threaded slotted bars shall be performed using full-diameter products.

B Required yield and tensile loads shown are calculated by multiplying thread stress areas times the yield point and tensile strength values shown in Table2. Thread stress area is calculated from the mean of the mean root and pitch diameters of Class3external threads as follows:

A s50.7854S D20.9743n D2

where:

A s=stress area,in.2

D=nominal diameter,in.,and

n=number of threads per inch.

TABLE6Plug Grade Rating System

Nominal

Diameter,

in.

Grade1Grade2Grade3Grade4 MNSL A MUL B MNSL A MUL B MNSL A MUL B MNSL A MUL B 1⁄27.014.210.717.013.519.916.322.7 5⁄812.422.617.027.121.531.626.036.1 3⁄418.433.425.1†40.131.746.8†38.453.4†7⁄825.4†46.234.755.440.0.740.073.9 133.360.0.072.740.084.840.096.9 11

⁄840.076.340.091.0.0106.840.0122.0 11⁄440.096.940.0116.340.0135.740.0155.0†13⁄840.0115.5†40.0138.0.0161.740.0184.8 11⁄240.0140.5†40.0168.0.0196.740.0224.8

A MNSL—Minimum Non-Seizure Load(1000lb).

B MUL—Minimum Ultimate Load(1000lb).

†Editorially corrected.

and tolerances to be by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.Smaller bearing plates may be used in conjunc-tion with steel channels,with other accessories,or in hard rock areas by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.Header plates are typically 6in.(152mm)wide by 16to 18in.(406.4to 457.2mm)long,or any other shape with an equivalent area.

8.6Bearing and header plates used with frictional anchor-age devices shall meet the test requirements in 10.4.The

hole

Nominal Bolt Size,5⁄8to 1in.(Note 1)

H Head Height,min.,in.(mm)0.476(12.09)

F Head Across Flats,in.(mm) 1.088to 1.125(27.to 28.58)

G Head Across Corners,in.(mm) 1.425to 1.591(36.19to 40.41)

Body diameter is controlled by the roll threading operation.

Note 1—When speciﬁed by the customer on the order or contract,the 5⁄8-in.diameter bolt may be supplied at:

H—0.400(10.16)

F—0.906to 0.938(23.01to 23.83)G—1.244to 1.326(31.60to 33.68)

Note 2—When speciﬁed by the customer on the order or contract,a shoulder,collar,or swell equal to the body diameter of a 3⁄4-in.diameter bolt may be applied under the head of a 5⁄8-in.diameter bolt for a length of approximately 3⁄16in.

Note 3—Pinched ears may be provided to support the expansion shell during installation.

Note 4—Bolt head may have depressed center.Note 5—See Table 7for head markings.Note 6—See Paragraph 8.3.1for threads.Note 7—Forging ﬂash is permitted.

FIG.1Roof and Rock

Bolts

N OTE 1—Pinched ears may be provided to support the expansion shell during installation.

N OTE 2—See 8.3.1for threads.

N OTE 3—E Body diameter is established by the method of threading.N OTE 4—Body diameter is controlled by the roll threading operation.

FIG.2Threaded Bars and Slotted Threaded

Bars

sizes and tolerances shall be set by the manufacturer of the frictional anchorage device.

8.7Dimensions not otherwise speciﬁed for tapered wedges, expansion shells,threaded tapered plugs,beveled washers, spherical washers,threaded couplings,and extensions shall be by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.

8.8Nuts shall be hex,heavy hex,square,or heavy square in accordance with ASME B18.2.2.Unless otherwise speciﬁed, the heavy series shall be supplied.

8.9Surface Conﬁguration on Formable Anchor Bars or Bolts:

8.9.1Surface conﬁgurations on steel bars or bolts to be used with polyethylenes,as speciﬁed in5.14.1.1,formable anchor-age devices.

8.9.1.1Three pitch modiﬁed reverse buttress form as de-scribed in Fig.4.

8.10Dimensions of Formable Anchor Tubes:

8.10.1Dimensions of formable anchor tubes made from materials conforming to5.14.1.

8.10.1.1The wall thickness of the formable anchor tube shall be as speciﬁed by the manufacturer60.015in.

8.10.1.2The weight per inch of formable anchor tubes shall be as speciﬁed by the manufacturer68%.

8.10.1.3The length of formable anchor tubes shall be as speciﬁed by the manufacturer60.250in.

N OTE4—Barrier plugs may be used with the formable anchor tubes to separate grouted or chemically anchored segments of the bars or bolts from formable anchorage devices.In such cases,the barrier plug shall be considered as a portion of the tube length.

9.Number of Tests and Retests

9.1Bars—Two tension tests shall be made from each heat for each nominal diameter of bars unless theﬁnished material from a heat is less than30tons(27.2Mg),when one tension test will be sufficient.Certiﬁcation by the bar supplier that the requirements of Table3have been met is an acceptable substitute for these bar tension tests.

9.2Bolts,Threaded Bars,Threaded Slotted Bars,Bearing and Header Plates,and All Types of Washers—The require-ments of this speciﬁcation shall be met in continuous mass production.The manufacturer shall make sample inspections and tests to ensure that the product represented by the test samples conforms to the speciﬁed requirements.The manufac-turer shall select and test a minimum of two bolts,threaded

TABLE7Special Thread Requirements

External Threads

Nominal Diameter,in.Pitch Diameter,A in.(mm)Major Diameter,B in.(mm) 5⁄8–110.5531to0.540.5952to0.6234

(14.049to14.336)(15.118to15.834)

3⁄4–100.6714to0.68320.7188to0.7482

(17.054to17.353)(18.258to19.004)

7⁄8–90.7884to0.80090.8423to0.8731

(20.025to20.343)(21.394to22.177)

1–80.9037to0.91680.9655to0.9980

(22.954to23.287)(24.524to25.349)

11⁄8–7 1.0161to1.0300 1.0882to1.1228

(25.809to26.162)(27.0to28.519)

11⁄4–7 1.1409to1.1550 1.2132to1.2478

(28.979to29.337)(30.815to31.694)

13⁄8–6 1.2493to1.23 1.3353to1.3726

(31.732to32.113)(33.917to34.8)

11⁄2–6 1.3742

to1.33 1.4603to1.4976 (34.905to35.288)(37.092to38.039)

Internal Threads

Nominal Diameter,in.Pitch Diameter,C in.(mm)Maximum Minor Diameter,

in.(mm)

5⁄8–110.5690to0.57970.551(13.995)

(14.453to14.724)

3⁄4–100.6880to0.69950.668(16.967)

(17.475to17.767)

7⁄8–90.8058to0.81810.783(19.888)

(20.467to20.780)

1–80.9218to0.93500.6(22.758)

(23.414to23.749)

11⁄8–7 1.0352to1.0493 1.006

(26.294to26.652)(25.552)

11⁄4–7 1.1602to1.1746 1.131

(29.469to29.835)(28.733)

13⁄8–6 1.2697to1.2852 1.236

(32.250to32.4)(31.394)

11⁄2–6 1.3947to1.4105 1.361

(35.425to35.827)(34.580)

A Standard UNC1A values except minimum reduced by0.003in.(0.08mm).

B Standard UNC1A values except minimum reduced by0.010in.(0.25mm).

C Standard UNC1B values increased by0.003in.(0.08mm).Bolt Size Nominal Outside

Dimension(O.D.)

in.(mm)

Inside Diameter

(I.D.)in.(mm)

Thickness in.(mm)

(T)

5⁄8

3⁄4

⁄8

11⁄8 11⁄4 11⁄2

2(50.8)

21⁄2(63.5)

3(76.2)

11⁄16to27⁄32

(17.4to21.4)

to31⁄32

(20.6to24.6)

15⁄16to15⁄32

(23.8to29.4)

11⁄8to19⁄32

(28.6to32.5)

11⁄4to113⁄32

(31.8to35.7)

13⁄8to117⁄32

(34.9to38.9)

15⁄8to125⁄32

(41.3to45.2)

0.122to0.177

(3.10to4.50)

0.122to0.177

(3.10to4.50)

0.132to0.177

(3.35to4.50)

0.132to0.177

(3.35to4.50)

0.132to0.177

(3.35to4.50)

0.132to0.177

(3.35to4.50)

0.132to0.177

(3.35to4.50) FIG.3Round and Square Hardened Washer Type1

bars,threaded slotted bars,bearing and header plates,and washers from each discontinuous turn or each 24h of continu-ous production.

9.3Improper machining or preparation of test specimens may give erroneous results.Improperly machined specimens shall be discarded and other specimens substituted.

9.4If any test specimen fails to meet the speciﬁcation requirements because of failure of testing equipment or im-proper specimen preparation,it may be discarded and another specimen taken.

10.Test Methods

10.1Test bars used for the manufacture of bolts and threaded and threaded slotted bars for yield point,tensile strength,and elongation in accordance with the Determination of Tensile Properties Section of Test Methods and Deﬁnitions A 370.

10.2Tension test bolts and threaded bars in accordance with the Wedge Tension Testing of Full Size Product paragraph of Test Methods F 606for tensile strength.Obtain the yield point in the course of this test by the Drop of the Beam or Halt of the Pointer Method as described in the paragraphs on Tension Testing of Machined Test Specimens of Test Methods F 606.10.2.1If the length of the bolt or threaded bar exceeds the length that can be accommodated by the testing machine,then cut the head with a portion of the body in the case of bolts,and the thread with a portion of the body,from the bolt or threaded bar and test each separately.

10.2.1.1Test the section containing the threads for yield point and breaking load by using the nut intended for use on the threaded portion and by gripping the bolt body.Failure may not occur by stripping of threads.

10.2.1.2Test the section containing the bolt head with a 10°wedge under the head and by gripping the body.For smooth bars,it is permissible to increase the hole clearance in the

wedge plate to two times the clearance speciﬁed in Test Methods F 606to accommodate collars or swell under the bolt head.For deformed bars,it is permissible to increase the hole clearance of the wedge plate to four times the clearance speciﬁed in Test Methods F 606.

10.2.1.3Test bolts containing surface conﬁgurations by gripping a section of the surface conﬁguration and the body of the bolt.

10.3Threaded Slotted Bars :

10.3.1Threaded slotted bars from which material has not been removed during the slotting operation (forged split-end bars)need not be tested on the slotted end.

10.3.2Test threaded slotted bars from which material has been removed when making the slot at the slotted ends.If the length of the bar exceeds the length that can be accommodated by the testing machine,then the excess length may be cut off and discarded.

10.3.2.1Perform the test of the slotted end by ﬁrst tack welding the two sides together at the extreme end of the bar.Grip both ends of this test bar and contain at least 1in.(25mm)of slot in the tested portion between the grips.10.4Tests of Bearing and Header Plates :

10.4.1Locate the bearing plate sample centrally on a steel test plate containing a hole 4in.(102mm)in diameter.The steel test plate shall be the dimensions shown in Fig.4.Exert a load on the bearing plate by either (1)assembling bolt,threaded rod and nut,or ﬁxture through the bearing plate,placing the plate assembly on the crosshead of a testing machine and gripping the bolt,rod,or ﬁxture and pulling down with the upper platen,or (2)pushing down with a punch having a diameter of approximately 1.75in.(45mm)or equal to the ﬁxture’s outside diameter,whichever is greater,mounted underneath the upper platen onto the plate assembly placed on the lower platen of the testing machine.If it is to be included in the actual installation,include in the test assembly a hardened washer of the type deﬁned in this speciﬁcation.Apply an initial preload of 6000lbf (26.7kN)and then place a measuring device accurate to 0.001in.(0.03mm)so as to be capable of measuring the axial movement of the bolt head or ram.Set the measuring device to zero after application of the 6000-lbf preload.Increase the load to 15000lbf (66.7kN)and read the axial movement,deﬁned as deﬂection,from the measuring device.The maximum permissible deﬂection be-tween the 6000and 15000-lbf loads is 0.120in.(3.05mm).Continue the application of load until the grade rating of the plate is reached and again read the axial movement from the measuring device.The maximum permissible deﬂection be-tween 6000lbf and the grade rating is 0.250in.(6.35mm).10.4.2Test large bearing plates (maximum dimension greater than 7in.(178mm)and header plates for span performance in accordance with 10.4.2.1.

10.4.2.1Locate the plate sample centrally on a steel test plate containing a clear span of 6in.(152mm).The steel test plate shall be the dimensions shown in Fig.5and Fig.6.Exert a load on the plate by either (1)assembling bolt,threaded rod and nut,or ﬁxture through the plate,placing the plate assembly on the crosshead of a testing machine and gripping the bolt,rod,or ﬁxture and pulling down with the upper platen,or (2

)

FIG.4Three-Pitch Modiﬁed Reverse Buttress

Bolt

pushing down with a punch having a diameter of approxi-mately 1.75in.(45mm)or equal to the ﬁxture’s outside diameter,whichever is greater,mounted underneath the upper platen of the testing machine.If it is to be included in the actual installation,include in the test assembly a hardened washer of the type deﬁned in this speciﬁcation.Apply an initial preload of 1000lbf (4.5kN)and then place a measuring device accurate to 0.001in.(0.03mm)so as to be capable of measuring the axial movement of the bolt head or ram.Set the measuring device to zero after application of the 1000-lbf preload.Increase the load to 5000lbf (22.2kN)and read the axial movement,deﬁned as deﬂection,from the measuring device.The maximum permissible deﬂection between the 1000and 5000-lbf loads is 0.250in.(6.35mm).

N OTE 5—The inclusion of components such as spherical nuts,spherical washers,wooden header boards,metal channels,etc.,in the rock bolt assembly can signiﬁcantly affect bearing plate performance.While these items are not to be included in the standard grade rating and span tests described in 10.4.1and 10.4.2.1,their inﬂuence should be reviewed on an individual basis where bearing plate strength has become an issue.

10.5Perform hardness tests of washers and bearing and header plates in accordance with Test Methods F 606.

10.6Tests of wedges for use with slotted bolts are not ordinarily contemplated.

10.7Expansion shells and threaded tapered plugs shall be tested by the manufacturer in accordance with the speciﬁcation to which they are supplied.

10.8This test is to determine the grade rating speciﬁed in Table 6for threaded tapered plugs used in expansion anchors.This test is not considered to be a routine test to be performed

during manufacture,but must be applied in cases where the strength and performance of the threaded tapered plug have become an issue.This test can be executed in a variety of ways,all of which must include installation of the bolt,expansion shell,and threaded tapered plug in a straight section smooth hole of a diameter recommended by the manufacturer 60.030in.The test cylinder or block shall be fabricated to dimensions that will allow the expansion anchor to be completely inserted into the hole and prevent lateral distortion of the hole during testing.The test shall be performed by tightening the assembly in the hole and then loading to the minimum nonseizure (MNSL)load for the grade of plug speciﬁed in Table 6.This loading after the initial setting shall be either by axial loading or by the turning of the bolt.The assembly shall then be removed from the test cylinder or block and examined.Following an initial full turn (with a wrench,if necessary),the plug must be removable by a torque load not to exceed 10ft/lb.The threaded tapered plug shall not have ruptured nor the threads stripped.Threaded tapered plugs for expansion shells must also be capable of withstanding the minimum ultimate load (MUL)for the grade of plug speciﬁed in Table 6.This test shall be conducted by repeating the previous procedure and loading the assembly to the MUL.The assembly then shall be removed and examined.No stripping of the plug threads shall have occurred.At the MUL,distortion of the plug or bolt threads,or both,may preclude the removal of the plug.

N OTE 6—When threaded tapered plugs for expansion shells are used in conjunction with chemical grouting materials,the provisions of 7.10also are

applicable.

FIG.5Bearing Plate Test

Plate

10.9See Annex A1for information concerning performance tests of expansion shell,tapered plugs,tapered wedges,and other anchorage methods and materials.

10.10Nuts shall be manufactured and tested in accordance with the speciﬁcation to which they are supplied,except that when so speciﬁed on the order or contract nuts of tapped sizes 5⁄8and 3⁄4in.may be the same 11⁄8-in.(28.58-mm)dimension across ﬂats as the head of the bolt shown in Fig.1.

10.11Tension nuts must be capable of withstanding the ultimate tensile load capacity of the bolt or rebar of the highest grade with which they are to be used.This test is not considered to be a routine test to be performed during manufacturing,but must be applied in cases where the strength and performance of the threaded tension nuts have become an issue.This test may be carried out by engaging the threaded tension nut with the bolt or rebar,supporting the tension nut and then loading to the ultimate tensile strength (to destruction)of the highest grade bolt or rebar to be used.The assembly shall then be removed and examined.The threaded tension nuts shall not have ruptured nor the threads be stripped.At ultimate tensile loads,distortion of the bolt threads as well as elongation of the bolt in the engaged thread zone may preclude the removal of the tension nut.

N OTE 7—Residual torques are permissible due to the various stop mechanisms used in tension nut designs.These stop mechanisms must not distort the threaded engagement area between the bolt/rebar and tension nut.Residual torque shall be determined by the manufacturer.

10.12Tests of Notched Bendable Bolts :

10.12.1Notched bendable bolts shall be capable of being bent through one bending cycle as follows:the bend shall be in the area of the reduced cross section,to an angle of 90°,with respect to its original position.The bar at the reduced section shall neither be guided nor restrained during the test.The bolt shall then be bent in the same manner back to its original position.At the conclusion of the bend test,any obvious visible evidence of cracking shall constitute reason for rejection.

N OTE 8—It is recommended that during the initial tool up process,prototype samples be subjected to multiple bending cycles to ensure adequate notch design.

10.12.2Bolts successfully passing the bend test shall be tension tested with the bendable section in the zone of the tension test.Fully grouted nontensioned bendable bolts shall have reached a load of 23000lbf (102kN)before breaking.Tensioned bendable bolts shall exceed the minimum yield loads in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 615/A 615M or this speciﬁcation,or both,for the grade and diameter of bolt used,plus 6000lbf.There should be no evidence in the fracture of a prior fracture as a result of the bending test.10.13Tests of Roof Truss Components :

10.13.1All components of roof truss systems shall be tested in accordance with the appropriate paragraph of Section 10of this

speciﬁcation.

N OTE 1—A 36or similar steel.

N OTE 2—Slot to be centrally located.

N OTE 3—Dimensions A and B shall each be a minimum of 2in.(50.8mm)longer than the comparable dimensions of the bearing or header plates to be tested.

FIG.6Span Test

Plate

10.13.2Truss brackets shall be tested to failure on a steel ﬁxture in a position consistent with their intended use.Active loads shall be applied to the truss bracket through (1)the angle bolt while the horizontal member is held stationary,and through (2)the horizontal member while the angle bolt is held stationary.The bracket rating shall correspond to the lowest failure load determined by the tests described here.

10.13.2.1Truss brackets used as primary support shall be tested as intended to be used over a 4-in.round hole at an appropriate angle to ensure that the bracket meets the minimum strength requirements of 10.4.

11.Quality Assurance and Inspection

11.1If the inspection described in 11.2is required by the purchaser,it shall be speciﬁed in the inquiry and in the contract or order.

11.2Manufacturers of roof and rock bolts and accessories shall be responsible for establishing and maintaining a quality assurance program to ensure that all materials conform to the appropriate requirements of this speciﬁcation.The manufac-turer shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the material is being produced and furnished in accordance with this speciﬁcation.Mill inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unneces-sarily with the manufacturer’s operations.All tests and inspec-tion shall be made at the place of manufacture,unless agreed otherwise.

12.Rejection and Rehearing

12.1Material that fails to conform to the requirements of this speciﬁcation shall be rejected.Rejection shall be reported to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing.In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the test,the producer or supplier may make claim for a rehearing.

13.Certiﬁcation

13.1Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,a manufacturer’s certiﬁcation shall be furnished that the material was manufactured and tested in accordance with this speciﬁcation.

14.Responsibility

14.1The party responsible for the fastener shall be the organization that supplies the fastener to the purchaser.

15.Product Marking

15.1Bolt heads shall be marked as shown in Table 8with either raised or depressed marks at the option of the manufac-turer.Marks shall include grade and diameter identiﬁcation when applicable,manufacturer’s symbol,and the bolt length in either inches or feet (or millimetres)as speciﬁed in the order or contract.

15.2Frictional anchorage devices shall be marked with either raised or depressed marks at the option of the manufac-turer.The location of the marks shall be such as to be readable after installation.Marks shall include model identiﬁcation when applicable,manufacturer’s symbol,and the length in either inches or feet (or millimetres)as speciﬁed in the order or contract.

15.3Threaded bars and threaded slotted bars shall be color coded as shown in Table 9to indicate bar length.The color shall be applied such that it will be visible for inspection after installation of the roof support device.

15.4Beveled washers,threaded tapered plugs,wedges,spherical washers,and threaded couplings are not required to be marked.

15.4.1Threaded tapered plugs produced in only one grade,as speciﬁed in Table 6,require no special identiﬁcation if the plugs are uniquely identiﬁed by thread diameter and plug design.A plug having the same thread size and manufactured to more than one grade rating shall be identiﬁed by color coding or physical marking as speciﬁed by the manufacturer.15.5Deformed bearing and header plates shall be marked on the exposed face with the manufacturer’s symbol.15.6Bearing and Header Plates :

15.6.1Bearing and header plates manufactured to the mini-mum grade rating in accordance with 7.4.1do not require markings to indicate grade rating.

15.6.2Bearing and header plates manufactured to a grade rating higher than 20000lbf (.0kN)shall be marked with a single number that indicates the rating divided by 10000lbf (44.5kN).For example,the number 3would designate a 30000-lbf (133.5-kN)grade rating.

15.7Nuts shall be marked in accordance with the speciﬁ-cation to which they were manufactured.

15.8Expansion shells shall be marked with the manufactur-er’s symbol and the hole size for which they are intended.

TABLE 8Markings

A,B

15.9.1Other identifying or distinguishing marks,or both, may be used by the manufacturer.

15.10Extensions are not required to be marked.

15.11Truss brackets shall be marked as shown in Table8. Markings shall include the manufacturer’s symbol and the grade rating as determined by the test in accordance with 10.13.2.The grade identiﬁcation shall consist of a single number that indicates the grade rating divided by10000lbf (44.5kN).For example,the number3would designate a 30000-lbf(133.5-kN)grade rating.

15.12Formable anchor tube container will be marked with nominal formable anchor tube length,bar or bolt diameter,wall thickness,weight per inch,and hole diameter with which tube is to be used.

15.12.1Color coding of formable anchor tubes for mines using more than one bar or bolt diameter shall be established by the manufacturer.

16.Keywords

16.1bolts,roof and rock and accessories;rock bolts;roof bolts

ANNEXES

(Mandatory Information)

A1.ON-SITE TESTING TO DETERMINE EFFECTIVENESS OF ROOF SUPPORT DEVICES

A1.1The suitability of roof and rock bolts and accessories for speciﬁc applications in underground mines depends upon the particular ground and rock conditions at the site of intended use.For this reason,it may be necessary to perform appropriate tests at the actual site of intended use to evaluate the effective-ness of the roof support devices.

A1.2By agreement,the supplier and the purchaser will determine the appropriate tests to evaluate the merits of any speciﬁc roof support device on site.

A2.THREAD DEFORMED BARS

A2.1Thread deformed bars are steel bars that have a continuous hot-rolled pattern of threadlike deformations along their entire length that allow nuts and couplers to thread onto the bar at any point.

A2.2Thread deformed bars shall be manufactured in compliance with the chemical and mechanical property re-quirements of Speciﬁcation A615/A615M,Grade60.

A2.3Thread deformed bars shall be identiﬁable in regard to their manufacturer.

N OTE A2.1—Due to the manufacturing process,markings to designate size,minimum yield,and type of steel are not required.

A2.4The effective stress area of thread deformed bars shall be equal to the nominal area of the bar.

A2.5The dimensions of the threadlike deformations along the bar shall be adequate to develop,when engaged with a tension nut or coupler of the designated size,the ultimate strength of the thread deformed bar.

A2.6Tension nuts for use with thread deformed bars shall have internal threads of sufficient strength to develop the ultimate tensile strength of the bar with which they are used. These nuts shall be marked with the letter T.

A2.7Yieldable nuts for use with thread deformed bars shall be designed to yield in incremental displacements along the bars at predetermined bolt loads to allow for rock deformations under controlled support conditions.

A2.7.1Standard yieldable anchor nuts shall develop at least 125%of the speciﬁed minimum yield strength of the bars with which they are used.No strength identiﬁcation marking is required.

A2.7.2Yieldable slip nuts designed to slip at loads less than 125%of the speciﬁed minimum yield are permitted.This percentage shall be marked on the nut.

A2.8Couplings used with thread deformed bars shall conform to7.6.

A2.9Test methods and markings for thread deformed bars shall be consistent with the intended use of the bars in accordance with the appropriate sections of this speciﬁcation.

TABLE9Color Codes for Threaded Bar and Threaded Slotted

Bars

Length,in.(ft.,mm)Color

30Purple

36Yellow

42Green

48No Color

60Red

72Blue

84Orange

96White

A3.CHEMICAL GROUTING MATERIALS

A3.1Strength Index for Chemical Grouting Materials A3.1.1This is a laboratory test for measuring the strength index of 6-in.long chemical anchors.The strength index is a numerical designation ranging from 1to 10that represents the load in tons that can be supported by a chemical anchor with less than 0.100in.of bar movement when tested as outlined in this section.It is not intended to reﬂect actual in-mine performance or replace appropriate mine tests in accordance with A1.1.

A3.1.2Prepare the test section as shown in Fig.A3.1.Item No.1is a No.6thread-deformed,reinforcing bar as described in Annex A2.Item No.2is a 1-in.inside diameter (I.D.)by 11⁄2-in.outside diameter (O.D.)steel tube with 27by 3internal metric thread.Item No.3is a fully grouted,void-free,cured chemical anchor.

N OTE A3.1—It is required that the test section be cut from a large sample using a threaded tube length of at least 9in.and a grout cartridge clipped at both ends.The length of thread-deformed bar used must be sufficient to allow attachment of the loading apparatus (see Fig.A3.1)to the protruding end.Care should be taken to ensure that the test section is completely grouted and void free throughout.

A3.1.3Preparation of Test Section

Degrease tube and bar.Stabilize all components at a single temperature between 50and 80°F.The specimen shall be prepared by placing the grout cartridge into the threaded tube,inserting the bar and rotating the bar clockwise in accordance with the chemical grout manufacturer’s installation instruc-tions.The specimen shall be cured for 24h before cutting the test section.

A3.1.4Test Apparatus

Hydraulic ram with hollow center large enough to accept bar,manual hydraulic pump with a connecting hose and gage,and a dial indicator that measures movement to one thousandth of an inch.

A3.1.5Test Procedure

As shown in Fig.A3.1,assemble the test section into the ﬁxture and hydraulic ram.Attach the dial indicator to the steel tube to indicate movement of the cut end of the bar with respect to the tube.

A3.1.6Manually apply load to the test section with the hydraulic ram in increments of 1to 10-tons maximum load.

Each increment of load shall be stabilized for a period of 1min prior to reading the dial indicator.If movement exceeds 0.100in.,terminate the test.

N OTE A3.2—Do not exceed 10tons due to bolt stretch and safety considerations.

A3.1.7Number of Tests

A minimum of ﬁve tests are required.Eighty percent must achieve the strength index.

A3.2Speed Index

A3.2.1This is a laboratory test to determine the speed index of chemical grouting materials.The speed index indicates the time in seconds from completion of mixing until an anchorage level of 4000lb is achieved when tested in accordance with this section.Grout formulations shall be identiﬁed in accordance with the speed index classiﬁcation system of Table A3.1.

N OTE A3.3—Mine and installation conditions such as temperatures,annulus size,bolt length,and rotational speeds will effect results.

A3.2.1.1Test apparatus is illustrated in Fig.A3.2.Degrease steel tube and bar before using.Stabilize all components at 55to 60°F.Thread steel tube onto the base plate stud and position the steel support collar over the steel tube.Place the hollow core hydraulic ram on top of the steel support collar.Thread the No.6hex nut and the headed blind nut onto the thread deformed reinforcing bar so that the two nuts are locked.

N OTE A3.4—The thread deformed reinforcing bar must be long enough to ensure a 12-in.(+1⁄2,−0)grouted length.

A3.2.1.2Place a sample of grout of sufficient volume to encapsulate a 12-in.(+½,−0)long section of No.6thread deformed reinforcing bar into the steel tube.Insert the bar (with nuts attached)through the grout in 5s or less (rotating through the grout is optional).Immediately spin the bar clockwise at a speed between 400and 500r/min to mix the grout for the time recommended by the manufacturer.Begin timing for speed index determination at the conclusion of mixing and allow the grout to cure for the period of time in seconds listed in Table A3.1corresponding to the speed index assigned by the manufacturer.Once the cure time has elapsed,immediately load the bar with the ram.A load level of 4000lb must be achieved within 3s of the start of load-ing.

A3.3Cartridge Equivalent Length Requirements

A3.3.1Cartridges of chemical grouting materials shall con-tain sufficient volume to ﬁll the annulus between the bolt

and

FIG.A3.1Chemical Grouting Strength Index Text Apparatus

TABLE A3.1Speed Index Classiﬁcation

Speed Index

Maximum A Cure Time,s

1515303060602402406006001000

>600

To achieve 4000-lb test load (see A3.2.1.1).

borehole wall as speciﬁed in A3.3.2.The volume will be identiﬁed by an equivalent length designation (ft)indicating the length of borehole grouted by the cartridge for the nominal bolt/borehole combination used.

A3.3.2Minimum cartridge volumes required for speciﬁed equivalent length designations shall be calculated by using the following equation where the equivalent length (EL)is equal to the bolt length:

Vg 5Vh 2Vb

where

Vg =required grout volume,in.3,Vh =borehole volume,in.3,and Vb =bolt volume,in.3.

The borehole volume shall be calculated by using the following:

Borehole Diameter =Nominal Diameter +0.043in.

Borehole Length =Bolt Length +1in.

The bolt volume shall be based on nominal reinforcing bar cross sections in accordance with Speciﬁcation A 615/A 615M.

N OTE A3.5—When bolts with cross-sectional areas different from those speciﬁed in Speciﬁcation A 615/A 615M are used,adjustments to the calculated equivalent length may be necessary.

A3.4Grout Application Class

A3.4.1Chemical grouting materials shall be assigned a class designation to indicate recommended product applica-tion.

A3.4.1.1Chemical grouting materials for use in fully grouted or partially grouted nontensioned applications shall be designated as Class I.

A3.4.1.2Chemical grouting materials used to supplement mechanical anchorage devices shall be designated as Class II.A3.4.1.3Chemical grouting materials used to provide an-chorage (chemical anchor only)for tensioned bolts shall be designated as Class III.

A3.4.2Chemical grouting materials serving more than one application class may be assigned a multiple class designation (that is,Class I,III).

A3.5Product Marking

A3.5.1Cartridges of chemical grouting materials are not required to be marked.Containers of chemical grouting car-tridges shall be labeled to provide the following information:A3.5.1.1Container labels shall provide general product information including manufacturer,formulation designation,and number of cartridges in the container as shipped.

A3.5.1.2Container labels shall provide nominal system data including recommended hole diameter,bolt diameter,and cartridge equivalent footage (see A3.3).Labels may list more than one hole/bolt/eq.ft.combination if multiple product ap-plications are possible.

A3.5.1.3Container labels shall provide standard data in-cluding cartridge length and diameter,speed index (see A3.2),application class (see A3.4),and “use by (date).”

A3.5.1.4Nominal installation data including recommended mix time (seconds)and mixing speed (r/min)shall be included on,or within,the container.

A3.5.1.5Strength index shall be placed on the container label,within the container,or in the manufacturers’

literature.

FIG.A3.2Speed Index Test

Apparatus

(Nonmandatory Information)

X1.SELECTING APPROPRIATE GRADE RATING FOR BEARING PLATES AND HEADER PLATES

X1.1The establishment of grade increments for bearing plates and header plates described in7.4.1enables the pur-chaser to select the appropriate relationship between the performance characteristics of the bolts and plates that is effective for the particular rock and ground conditions at the site of intended use.

X1.2After determining the desired relationship between the grade rating of the plate and the minimum yield load for the grade and diameter of the bolt,the purchaser can order under this speciﬁcation an appropriate grade rating for the bearing plate or header plate.

X2.EXPANSION SHELL TYPES

X2.1Expansion shells are generally of two types.Theﬁrst type is self-supporting by some means integral to the shell, such as a bail.The second type requires support to remain in position during installation until anchored.This type may use support such as special nuts on the thread or plastic sleeves,although other means of support may be used.These support devices(bail,support nuts,etc.)should be of a special design that is capable of supporting the shell during installation but should not interfere with the proper tensioning of the bolt after the shell is anchored.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee F16has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,F432–95 (2001),that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved Aug.1,2004).

(1)Revised Section14,Responsibility.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk

of infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyﬁve years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards

and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the

responsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should

make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.

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