一．划分句子结构
1. Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
2. His performance is disappointing.
3. He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe.
4. They did everything they could to prevent the river from being polluted.
5. There is a swimming pool in our school.
6. I heard someone playing the piano in the next room.
7. They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.
动词的-ing形式是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
二．V-ing的形式：
动词 语态
| 形式 | do | ||
| 主动语态 | 被动语态 | 意义 | |
| 一般式 | 表示和谓语动词所表示的动作_____进行的动作 | ||
| 完成式 | 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之_______发生的动作。 | ||
Seeing is believing.
2）被动式：________
The truck being repaired there is ours.
Being repaired, the computer can’t be used now.
He came to the party without being invited.
（v-ing被动式一般式所表示的动作是一个被动动作，这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作_______发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。）
3）完成式：________
We remembered having seen the film.
Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.
（v-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之______，一般在句中作宾语，时间或原因状语用。句中的_______是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者.）
4）完成被动式：________
Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.
（v-ing完成被动式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语或宾语用。）
5）否定式：not + doing
I regret not following his advice.
三．V-ing 的基本用法
Ⅰ. V-ing作主语
1. ________（say）is easier than doing.
2. ________（eat）junk food is one of my hobbies.
3. It is no use ________（cry）crying over spilt milk.
4. It’s no good ________（read）in dim light.
5.There is no use/point in ________（wait）here.
6.There is no need ________（do）it again.
归纳：
1. V-ing 一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个________，在句中可以作________。
2. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。
做什么是没有用/没有好处/是浪费时间的__________________________
3. 做什么是没有意义的 __________________________
（但，做什么是没有必要/可能的 __________________________ ）
Ⅱ. V-ing作宾语
1. 作及物动词的宾语
I suggest ________（do）it in a different way.
能接-ing分词作宾语的动词：
避免错过少延期（________, ________，________/________/________）
建议完成多练习（________, ________, ________）
喜欢想象禁不住（________,________, ________）
承认否定和嫉妒（________, ________, ________）
逃脱冒险莫原谅（________, ________， _______）
忍受欣赏别介意（________, ________, ________）
注：v-ing作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用it作形式宾语。
如：We found it no good talking like that.
Do you think it necessary trying again?
2. 作介词的宾语：
（1）Her sister is good at ________（learn）physics.
（2）I have no difficulty (in) ________（communicate）with foreigners.
（3）He used to spend a lot of time (in) ________（play）games.
归纳：-ing前省略介词 in 的常用结构 ：
3. 作形容词worth等的宾语：This book is well worth reading.
◆V-ing作need, want, require, deserve的宾语时，主动形式表达被动意义。
The blackboard need cleaning/to be cleaned.
Ⅲ. V-ing作表语
1. His hobby is ________（collect）stamps.
2.The problem is quite ________（puzzle）.
3.My job is ________（look）after the children.
归纳：V-ing作表语可以表示主语的__________或__________
Ⅳ. V-ing作定语：
a_________ stick (拐杖) a _________boy (一个酣睡的孩子)
the ____________ news (令人振奋的消息)
Do you love the girl __________________________? (你喜欢坐在角落里的那个女孩吗?)
The building ____________(build) now is going to be finished next month. (正被建造这的那座教学楼将于下个月完工。)
归纳：①单个的V-ing作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面, 一般表性质，用途或正在进行的动作
②V-ing短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个_________从句。
练习
1.Do you know the man________（stand）at the gate?
2. The meeting ________（hold）now is very important.
3. The president________（hold）the meeting is my neighbor.
4. Two days later, I received a letter ________（offer）me the job.
Ⅴ. V-ing作宾补：
1. I heard someone_______ (knock) at the door at that time
2. I noticed a man _______ (run) out of the bank when I got off the car.
3. Last night the shopkeeper caught a child _______ (steal) some food in the shop.
归纳： 动词see, watch, notice，observe, hear, feel, find, have, keep, catch等后常带-ing作宾补。
Ⅵ. V-ing作状语
【例句呈现】观察下列句子中动词 –ing 形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。
1. Seeing (= When he saw ) a note on the ground, the stranger picked it up.
2. Being late (= As he was late ) , he could not be allowed to join in the activity.
3. Mr. Brown was killed in an accident, leaving (=and left) behind a wife and child.
4. The stranger was walking through the village, looking (= and looked) this way and that.
5. She came in, smiling (=and smiled)
归纳：1. V-ing作状语，表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等
2. v-ing作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的______。
练习
1. The students ran out of the room, _______ (laugh) merrily.
2. _______ (follow) the guide, they started to climb.
3. _______ (see) nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
4. His parents were killed in the accident, _______ (leave) leaving him an orphan.
5. When _______ (cross) the road, please be careful.
6. On _______ (arrive) in London, he managed to get in touch with her.
7._______ (eat) too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.
8._______ (show) around the school, we were then taken to see the library.
四．V-ing的复合结构：
V-ing的复合结构通常由形容词性物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing分词构成，通常在句中作主语、表语、宾语。如：
1.主语
His coming made us very happy.
Do you think my going there will be of any help?
________________________ made her teacher angry. （玛丽迟到使她老师生气）
2.表语
What made him angry was their laughing.
3.宾语
Do you mind my opening the window?
Can you imagine the Atlantic Ocean in five days? 你能想象彼得五天之内横跨大西洋吗？
He insisted on . 他坚持主张他儿子上大学。
注：作主语时必须用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，作宾语时可用人称代词宾格、或名词的普通格+-ing分词.
非谓语动词 V-ing专题
一．划分句子结构
1. Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
2. His performance is disappointing.
3. He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe.
4. They did everything they could to prevent the river from being polluted.
5. There is a swimming pool in our school.
6. I heard someone playing the piano in the next room.
7. They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.
动词的-ing形式是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
二．V-ing的形式：
动词 语态
| 形式 | do | ||
| 主动语态 | 被动语态 | 意义 | |
| 一般式 | 表示和谓语动词所表示的动作_____进行的动作 | ||
| 完成式 | 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之_______发生的动作。 | ||
Seeing is believing.
2）被动式：________
The truck being repaired there is ours.
Being repaired, the computer can’t be used now.
He came to the party without being invited.
（v-ing被动式一般式所表示的动作是一个被动动作，这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作_______发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。）
3）完成式：________
We remembered having seen the film.
Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.
（v-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之______，一般在句中作宾语，时间或原因状语用。句中的_______是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者.）
4）完成被动式：________
Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.
（v-ing完成被动式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语或宾语用。）
5）否定式：not + doing
I regret not following his advice.
三．V-ing 的基本用法
Ⅰ. V-ing作主语
1. ________（say）is easier than doing.
2. ________（eat）junk food is one of my hobbies.
3. It is no use ________（cry）crying over spilt milk.
4. It’s no good ________（read）in dim light.
7.There is no use/point in ________（wait）here.
8.There is no need ________（do）it again.
归纳：
1. V-ing 一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个________，在句中可以作________。
2. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。
做什么是没有用/没有好处/是浪费时间的__________________________
3. 做什么是没有意义的 __________________________
（但，做什么是没有必要/可能的 __________________________ ）
Ⅱ. V-ing作宾语
1. 作及物动词的宾语
I suggest ________（do）it in a different way.
能接-ing分词作宾语的动词：
避免错过少延期（________, ________，________/________/________）
建议完成多练习（________, ________, ________）
喜欢想象禁不住（________,________, ________）
承认否定和嫉妒（________, ________, ________）
逃脱冒险莫原谅（________, ________， _______）
忍受欣赏别介意（________, ________, ________）
注：v-ing作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语，而用it作形式宾语。
如：We found it no good talking like that.
Do you think it necessary trying again?
2. 作介词的宾语：
（1）Her sister is good at ________（learn）physics.
（2）I have no difficulty (in) ________（communicate）with foreigners.
（3）He used to spend a lot of time (in) ________（play）games.
归纳：-ing前省略介词 in 的常用结构 ：
3. 作形容词worth等的宾语：This book is well worth reading.
◆V-ing作need, want, require, deserve的宾语时，主动形式表达被动意义。
The blackboard need cleaning/to be cleaned.
Ⅲ. V-ing作表语
1. His hobby is ________（collect）stamps.
4.The problem is quite ________（puzzle）.
5.My job is ________（look）after the children.
归纳：V-ing作表语可以表示主语的__________或__________
Ⅳ. V-ing作定语：
a_________ stick (拐杖) a _________boy (一个酣睡的孩子)
the ____________ news (令人振奋的消息)
Do you love the girl __________________________? (你喜欢坐在角落里的那个女孩吗?)
The building ____________(build) now is going to be finished next month. (正被建造这的那座教学楼将于下个月完工。)
归纳：①单个的V-ing作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面, 一般表性质，用途或正在进行的动作
②V-ing短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个_________从句。
练习
2.Do you know the man________（stand）at the gate?
2. The meeting ________（hold）now is very important.
3. The president________（hold）the meeting is my neighbor.
4. Two days later, I received a letter ________（offer）me the job.
Ⅴ. V-ing作宾补：
1. I heard someone_______ (knock) at the door at that time
2. I noticed a man _______ (run) out of the bank when I got off the car.
3. Last night the shopkeeper caught a child _______ (steal) some food in the shop.
归纳： 动词see, watch, notice，observe, hear, feel, find, have, keep, catch等后常带-ing作宾补。
Ⅵ. V-ing作状语
【例句呈现】观察下列句子中动词 –ing 形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。
1. Seeing (= When he saw ) a note on the ground, the stranger picked it up.
2. Being late (= As he was late ) , he could not be allowed to join in the activity.
3. Mr. Brown was killed in an accident, leaving (=and left) behind a wife and child.
4. The stranger was walking through the village, looking (= and looked) this way and that.
5. She came in, smiling (=and smiled)
归纳：1. V-ing作状语，表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等
2. v-ing作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的______。
练习
1. The students ran out of the room, _______ (laugh) merrily.
2. _______ (follow) the guide, they started to climb.
3. _______ (see) nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
4. His parents were killed in the accident, _______ (leave) leaving him an orphan.
5. When _______ (cross) the road, please be careful.
6. On _______ (arrive) in London, he managed to get in touch with her.
7._______ (eat) too much, he couldn’t go to sleep.
8._______ (show) around the school, we were then taken to see the library.
四．V-ing的复合结构：
V-ing的复合结构通常由形容词性物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing分词构成，通常在句中作主语、表语、宾语。如：
1.主语
His coming made us very happy.
Do you think my going there will be of any help?
________________________ made her teacher angry. （玛丽迟到使她老师生气）
2.表语
What made him angry was their laughing.
4.宾语
Do you mind my opening the window?
Can you imagine the Atlantic Ocean in five days? 你能想象彼得五天之内横跨大西洋吗？
He insisted on . 他坚持主张他儿子上大学。
注：作主语时必须用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，作宾语时可用人称代词宾格、或名词的普通格+-ing分词.下载本文
