考试需知：考试前每一列学生把课本放在第一排。考试时间为2．5个小时，试卷1为闭卷考试，前面40分钟用于完成试卷1。待老师收上试卷1后，发下课本，学生做试卷2，试卷2 为开卷考试。可携带纸质词典进考场，不许携带电子词典及手机进考场。
Test Paper 1
Ⅰ. Filling the blanks:
1.Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality, the
communication in the West is low-contextual while that in
the East is high-contextual
2.Generally speaking, in terms of world views, the West
adopts Dualistic view, while the East adopt s holistic view
3.Generally speaking, in terms of thought patterns, the West
follows Analytic and abstract thinking, while the East
follows synthetic and concrete thinking
4.Generally speaking, in terms of discourse patterns, the
West uses Deductive pattern, while the East uses
inductive pattern
5In the Axial Age, the great thinkers in China are Confucius,
Lao Tze, Mo Tze, and the great thinker in India is
Siddhartha Gautama, the great figure in Palestine are
Hebrew prophets, and the great thinkers in the West are Plato, Homer and Archimedes
Ⅱ. Choose the best answer:
1.Non-verbal messages are classified into two
comprehensive categories: those that are primarily
produced by the body, such as_________,________,_______;
and those that the individual combines with the setting,
such as _______, _______, _______.D
A.physical contact, eye contact, paralanguage; space, time,
man
B.facial expression, touch, taste; space, time, silence
C.appearance, movement, gesture; surrounding, occasion,
man
D.movement, smell, paralanguage; space, time, silence
2.In Chinese writing, there are usually more adjectives,
proverbs and allusions than in English writing. Some
Western scholars name this style “flower y”, stating that its
aim is to give a more fanciful impression than information,
and the information is usually of beauty, fragrance,
happiness, and any other “goodness”aspects so as to
attract people. We may term this style as_______-oriented.
Western writing is more direct with objective information.
To them, much-repeated words may mean less after a while.
We may term the Western writing as ________-oriented.C
A. adjective, objective
B. Chinese, Western
C. impression, information C. indirect, direct
3. As to the human nature orientation, the traditional Western
belief holds that _______, while the Asian people believe
that_______.B
A. basically good; basically bad
B. evil but perfectible, basically good
C. the mixture of good and evil; the mixture of good and evil;
D. unknown
4. As to the Man-Nature orientation, the traditional Western
belief holds that _______, while the Asian people believe
that_______.D
A. subjugation to nature; harmony with nature
B. harmony with nature; master y over nature
C. harmony with nature; subjugation to nature
D. mastery over nature; harmony with nature
5. As to time orientation, generally speaking, the USA is______,
the Philippines, Mexico, and Latin America are _____, and Asia, Britain, Greece, France are ______.C
A. on-time oriented; in-time oriented; late-time oriented
B. youth-oriented; adult-oriented; elderly-oriented
C. future-oriented; present-oriented; past-oriented
D. present-oriented; future-oriented; past-oriented
6. In terms of activity orientation, the USA is______, the
Philippines, Mexico, and Latin America are _____, and Asia is ______.D
A. doing-oriented; playing-oriented, being-oriented
B. playing-oriented; being-oriented; doing-oriented
C. being-oriented; doing-oriented; being-in-becoming
oriented
D. doing-oriented; being-oriented; being-in-becoming
oriented
7. The dividing worldview is also referred to as mechanistic
view. It goes by the following different names: D
A. reason versus result; religion versus art; objectivity
versus imagination
B. instinct versus intuition; science versus technology;
imagination versus subjectivity
C. tuition versus intuition; region versus religion;
subjugation versus subjectivity
D. reason versus intuition; science versus religion;
objectivity versus subjectivity
8. The Greek thinks in order to _______. It is speculation. The
Hindu thinks in order to _______. It is meditation. The Chinese thinks in order to _______. It is contemplation. C
A. do; die; live
B. spectacle; meddle; contempt
C. understand; think; self-cultivate
D. think; self-cultivate; understand
9. “Your body doesn’t know how to lie” indicates_____B
A. something is wrong with your body and you can only
stand.
B. body language is important.
C. body contact is dangerous.
D. we can’t separate mind from body.
10. Generally speaking, in the US, people make friends by
sharing ______, while in China, people make friends by
sharing _______.B
A. personal relationship; activities
B. activities; personal relationship
C. love; blood
D. blood; love
11. In terms of physical contact, the high contact countries are
__________________________________, while the low contact countries are ________________________________.C
A. the US, Britain, most Northern European countries; Arab
world, Mediterranean countries, Indonesia
B. the US, Britain, Japan; East European countries, Russia,
Middle East
C. Arab world, Mediterranean countries, Indonesia; the US,
Britain, most Northern European countries
D. Arab world, Mediterranean countries, China; the US,
Britain, most Northern European countries
12. Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality of
communication, the high-contextual people are __________________________________, while the low-contextual countries are ________________________________A
A. Latin Americans, Chinese, Japanese; the Americans,
German, Swiss
B. the Americans, German, Swiss; Latin Americans, Chinese,
Japanese
C. Native Americans, Chinese, Koreans; the Americans,
Japanese, British
D. the Americans, Japanese, British; Native Americans,
Chinese, Koreans
13. Each person has a “bubble”of space (territor y). Studies
show that people from ________, ________, ________have a smaller personal territor y than do people from ________, ________, _________.A
A. South America, Arab countries, and many Asian countries;
North America, Britain, Germany
B. North America, Britain, Germany; South America, Arab
countries, and many Asian countries
C. South America, Britain, Germany; North America, Arab
countries, and many Asian countries.
D. North America, Arab countries, and many Asian countries;
South America, Britain, Germany
14. In ___________ culture, the nuclear family is much more
important to the individual than the extended family, while in ____________, ________, _______, ________ culture, the
extended family is ver y important. C
A. Hispanic; American, Asian, Arabian, African
B. Arabian; American, Asian, African, Hispanic
C. American; Asian, African, Arabian, Hispanic
D. African; American, Asian, Arabian, Hispanic
15. In nuclear-family culture, people rely mainly on ______,
______, ________for help, while in extended-family culture, people rely mainly on ________for help. C
A. families, friends, professionals; families
B. families, friends, professionals; institutions
C. friends, professionals, institutions; families
D. friends, families, institutions; professionals
16. In nuclear-family culture, ______ usually comes first, while
in extended-family culture, _______ usually comes first. B
A. family; individual
B. individual; family
C. husband; wife
D. wife; husband
17.When it comes to friendship, an American friend would feel
that they had _______ if the friend gave up a real need to study to go shopping. One’s duties and obligations toward
friends, even best friends are understood to ______; one does not expect friends to assume burdensome, ______ responsibilities toward oneself. A close friend in the US is
a person that one feels free to ask for help, recog nizing,
however, that the friend may _____, if they give you a reason.
This is maybe that in the West, people prefer to be ______, so they do not feel comfortable in a relationship in which one person is ______ more and the other is dependent on what is being given. For Westerners friendship is mostly a matter of providing ______ support and ______. B
A. depended too much; limitless; small; say “OK”; dependent;
receiving; material; get separate
B. imposed too much; have limits; long-term; say “No”;
independent; giving; emotional; spend time together.
C. imposed too little; have limits; short-term; say “Yes”; free;
earning; financial; get involved
D. depended a little; limitless; big; say “Sorr y”; independent;
giving; spiritual; get together.
18. In China, the duties and obligations of friendships seem
virtually ________ for all practical purposes. Chinese friends give each other much ________ ________help and assistance than Western friends do. For example, they give each other
_______ and might help each other _______for a _______period of time. A friend in China is someone who, sensing that you are in need in some way, offers to assist you _________.C
A. impossible; more spiritual; things; practically; short; when
being asked
B. enormous; less spiritual; money; financially; long;
unwillingly
C. unlimited; more concrete; money; financially; long;
without waiting to be asked
D. limited; more concrete; things; materially; certain; if
required
19. In times of trouble, both American and Chinese fr iends give
each other emotional support, but they do it differently. A Chinese friend is more likely to be ________ to give _______ advice to a friend, while an American friend will be ________ to give ________ advice, instead she may raise questions to encourage her friend to consider carefully what may happen if she does one thing instead of another. C
A. cautious; detailed; ready; specific
B. ready; ambiguous; cautious; guideline
C. ready; specific; cautious; direct
D. unwilling; direct; ready; specific
20. When it comes to the relationship between parents and
married sons, in China, a man’s relationship with his
parents is _______ than that with his wife. Thus in the event
of any quarrel between his wife and his mother, a man
should ____________. At most he might hope to __________,
and this was regarded as ________. In America, a man’s
relationship with his parents is _______ than that with his
wife. He would be expected to ______________. He might
even be counseled to _______________ the vicini ty of his
parents’ home to ease the conflict. D
A. more important; side with his mother; side with his father;
honorable; more important; side with no one; move into
B. less important; side with no one; say something; honorable;
less important; side with his father; get away from
C. less important; side with his wife; remain silent;
dishonorable; more important; side with his wife; move into
D. more important; side with his mother; remain neutral;
dishonorable; less important; side with his wife; move away
Ⅲ. True or false:
1.Generally speaking, China is an equal society, America is a
hierarchy society. ( F )
2.Generally speaking, in Chinese society, the power distance
is small, while in America, the power distance is large. ( F ) 3.Both the Asian and Western countries have the concept of
“face”, and “face” has the same social significance for these countries in that one’s face is also the face of one’s group.( F )
4.The dividing worldview relies strongly on “facts”as
opposed to “opinions”. ( T )
5. A very rough generalization is that thinking for the Greek
is to look upward, for the Hindu is to look inward, for the Confucians is to look outward. (F )
6.Values are explicitly stored in our mind. We are always
aware of them, and we make judgments according to them.
(F )
7.Values are separate from each other. Each one work alone.
( F )
8.Values can be compared on a continuum rather than one of
only two possible choices. People everywhere possess the same values to different degrees, and the importance of that common value, how it gets acted out, is a matter of degree. ( T)
9.“Lover” and “爱人”have the same meaning. ( F )
10.In both China and Western countries, it is ver y common
and usual for adults to fondle other people’s babies and
ver y small children to show their affection and friendliness.
( F )
Ⅳ.Translation:
1.Translate the following English into Chinese:
1)Nature and Man are blended into one harmonious identity.
天人合一
2)Nature affects human affairs and human behavior finds
response in Nature. 天人感应
3)Nature accords with human wishes. 天从人愿
4)Your character will be tinted “red”(good) if you are in the
company of “redness”, but “black”(bad) if you are in close contact with ink. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑
5)God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者
6)Look before you leap. 三思而后行
7)A single arrow is easily broken, but not a bunch.轻霜冻死单
根草，狂风难毁万木林
He who stirs another’s porridge often burns his own. 狗拿耗子，多管闲事
8)
2.Translate the following Chinese into English:
1)容忍tolerance of others
2)中庸之道moderation, following the middle way
3)修养self-cultivation
4)不重竞争non-competitiveness
5)信用trust-worthiness
6)贞节chastity in women
7)寡欲having few desires
服从、孝敬、尊崇、赡养父母filial piety
8)
Ⅴ. Tell the meaning of the following gestures in different countries:
Gesture 1 Gesture 2 Gesture 3
1. In the US, England, Sweden it is used together with the verbal
message “Let ’s keep our fingers crossed ” to mean that _ the person is hoping for good luck______________. In Greece and Turkey it means the breaking of a friendship ________________. In parts of Italy it means _ OK _____.
2. In the US it means Great, perfect, acceptable, OK_______________. In Belgium and France, it means _ zero_____. In Brazil, Turkey, Greece and Malta it has _ an obscene _____ meaning. In Japan it means ___ money _______. In Tunisia, it is used ___ as threat _______.
3. It means ____ Slow down ”, “relax ” or “wait a second ________________.
Test Paper 2
下列各题请参阅了所指定的课本内容后，用中文回答，可翻译课本的内容作为答案。
Ⅵ. Answer the following questions
1.What are the implications of the individualism in the West
and the collectivism in the East? (P66-68)
2.Offer your interpretations with examples about t he Chinese
and the Western modes of thinking. （P93-97）
Ⅶ. Case analysis:
1.Study the following Chinese poem and English statements
and see what messages you can draw from it that are relevant to intercultural communication study. (P28-29)
1)横看成岭侧成峰，远近高低各不同，不识庐山真面目，只
缘身在此山中。
2)You will not know your own culture well until you
communicate with another,
3)If we do not recognize our humanity in others, we will
not recognize it in ourselves.
2.Read the quotation from Abraham Lincoln and work out
what value he expressed. Explain this value.(P59-60) We do wish to allow the humblest man an equal chance to get rich with ever yone else. When one starts poor, as most do in the race of life, free society is such that he knows he can better his condition; he knows that there i s no fixed condition of labor for his whole life.
3.Study the case and then tr y to answer the questions that
follow. (P86-92)
Wu had just started working for a Swedish company that had extensive business commitments in China. A large part of his work concerned advising his expatriate colleagues on Chinese business practices. This involved both writing
reports and recommendations and addressing meetings.
As he was ver y anxious to succeed, Wu always researched his topics thoroughly and tried to make h is presentations as clear as possible. However, he gradually became aware that something was wrong. It often seemed that nobody listened to him and his advice was ignored. When he spoke at meetings, he felt that people were impatient and uninterested in what he had to say. He got more and more unhappy and began to feel that his colleagues were not interested in his opinions because he was Chinese. This, he thought, was racism.
The company had a policy of annual review, which meant that ever y staff member met with the managing director once a year to discuss his or her progress. When the time came for Wu’s review, he managing director gave him a copy of the company’s assessment of his performance. The assessment praised his hard work, but made the follo wing, ver y serious criticisms:①When speaking at meetings, arguments are often unfocused and speeches lack clear direction. ②Written reports contain too much irrelevant material. ③ In both speaking and writing, material is poorly organized, with important recommendations often
appearing only at the end of the report. ④ Often appears uncertain about the points he wants to make.
Wu was shocked by these criticisms. He could not understand why they had been made and he was not sure what to do about them.
Questions:
1)Why do you think the company criticized Wu in this way?
2)Do you think he is correct to conclude that the problem
is racism?
3)What cultural expectations about presenting
information orally and in writing may account for the
negative evaluation of Wu’s work?
4)Give advice to Wu on dealing with each of the specific
criticisms the managing director made.
4.In the 1990s, the return of Hong Kong to China was a heated
topic in many media. But the Chinese term 回归has two versions in English. The term which was used in English newspapers published in China was “return”, while in the West the chosen term was “revert”. For example:
1)The report was divided into several parts…ensuring the
smooth return of Hong Kong and promoting the reunification of the motherland. (Beijing Review. Mar.下载本文
