in proportion with –> in proportion to
pay for it with dollars –> pay for it in dollars
be in liberty to –> be at liberty to
begin at doing –> begin with doing
be contrasted to –> be contrasted with
commit an offence to –> commit an offence against
modern time –> modern times
ability of (doing) sth –> ability in (doing) sth
defend sth against –> defend sth from
at the first place –> in the first place
pay money in doing –> pay money for doing
take to do –> take to doing (“求助于，开始”，to为介词)
yearn to –> yearn for
at average –> on average
identify oneself to –> identify oneself with
be successful on doing –> be successful at/in doing
get one’s teeth on –> get one’s teeth into(埋头做，认真做)
the action of formation –> the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词)
approach to do … –> approach to doing …
one contributor of –> one contributor to
consumers demand of luxury goods –> consumers demand for luxury goods
on one’s 30s –> in one’s 30s
carry/get with things –> carry/get on with things
to let alone –>/ let alone
in return to –> in return for
the need of –> the need for
substitute A with B –> substitute A for B
account 70% --> account for 70%
under the grounds of/that –> on the grounds of/that
attitude on life –> attitude towards/to life
in a quick speed –> at a quick speed
with many respects –> in many respects
at the face of –> in the face(s) of
considerations to… –> considerations for…
become victims of … --> become victims to …
ride in a train –> ride on a train
the problems with the government –> the problems for the government
resistive against –> resistive to英 [rɪ'zɪstɪv]adj. 有抵抗力的
resistance of –> resistance to
embark sth –> embark on sth vi. 从事，着手；
with the belief that –> in the belief that
at advance of sth –> in advance of sth
interpret… to –> interpret… as
in line to –> in line with
to varing degrees –> in varing degrees
take pride of –> take pride in
leap out to me –> leap out at me 跳扑过来
inject them lethal strains –> inject them with lethal strains 注射毒药
charge him with the same price –> charge him the same price
imbalance of A and B –> imbalance between A and B
shortage of protein with them –> shartage of protein among them
fortify sb for sth –> fortify sb against sth (加强…以抵御…)
shed light to sth –> shed light on sth
balk to –> balk at (回避，绕过)
differ A from B –> distinguish A from B
suit to sb/sth –> suit for sb/sth
vary by – vary with
emphasis of – emphasis on
irrespective of 不管，不顾，无论
distinct adj. “分明的”、“明了的”、“清楚的”(well-marked，clearly defined or easily discernible)
eg: The photo you took in Hong Kong Cultural Centre is not distinct enough.
你在文化中心拍的那张照片不够清晰。
She has a distinct pronunciation.
她的发音清楚。
There is a distinct smell of smoke in my room.
我的房间里有一股明显的香烟味。
distinct还可用以表示“不同的”、“有区别的”意味。如：
This picture is distinct from that.
这幅图和那幅不同。
The twins have distinct personalities.
这对双胞胎的个性并不相同。
Distinctive adj. “表示差别的”、“有特色的”、“特殊的”(marking or showing a difference)。例如：
Can you find the distinctive watermarks of this stamp?
你能找到这枚邮票上有明显的水纹吗?
Pupils in Hong Kong usually have distinctive badges on their school uniforms.
在，小学生的校服上常戴有颇具特色的徽章。
现将distinct和distinctive用在一个句子里，以便区分：
One of the distinctive features of this book is its distinct illustrations.
本书的特点之一就是具清楚明了的图解。
indistinguishable adj.可区别的；可辨别的
indistinguishable adj.不能区别的；不易觉察的；难以理解的
distinguish vt 区别；辨认；使显著
distinguished A between B
2.易混词错误
(1)形近异义词
imaginative adj. 虚构的；富于想象的；有创造力的
imaginary adj. 虚构的，假想的；想像的；虚数的
adapt
adopt
confirm
conform
former
formal
diary
dairy
personal
personnel
beside
besides
principal
principle
intelligent
intelligible
conscious
conscientious
stationary
stationery
considerate
considerable
affect(影响)
effect(致使、达成)
contact – contract
Moral adj. 道德的；精神上的；品性端正的；n. 道德；寓意
Morale n. 士气，斗志
industrious
industrial
desert
dessert
require
acquire
inquire
presence
presentation
sensible
sensitive
transformation
transmission
value
evaluate
tense
tension
anything
something
cooker
cook
complexity(复杂性)
complex(合成体)
insurance
assurance
provide(提供)
provided/providing(假设，如果)
perceive
conceive
effective(有效的)
affective(受…影响的，由…引起的)
(2)形近(形异)近义词
Latter – later
late(迟的，已故的) – latest(最晚的，最新的)
farther(距离更远) – further(程度更进一步)
healthy(健康的) – healthful(有益健康的)
effective – efficient
continual(连续的) – continuous(持续不断的)
respectable – respectful
historic – historical
rise – arise – raise – arouse
sure – insure – ensure – assure
in return to – in response to
opposite – opposition
producing – productive
lonely – alone
across – cross
impressed - impressive
permit(n.通行证) – permission
relating – related
memorizing – memorable
normal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) – norm(规范,行为标准)
favorite – favorable
acceptability – acceptance
economical – economic
few – little
a few – few
little – a little
invent – discover
before – ago
another – other
agent(代理人) – agency(代理机构)
reward(回馈) – award(奖赏)
special – specific
(3)兼有两种形式的副词
firstly – first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)
hardly(几乎不) – hard(努力地)
sure – surely
late – lately
clear(完全地、径直地) – clearly(显然、清楚地)
high(高度高地) – highly(程度高地、非常)
close(接近地、紧密地) – closely(紧密地、严密地)
most(最) – most(大部分)
(4)反义词
with – without
possible – impossible
subjective – objective
import – export
better – worse
employee – employer
employment – unemployment
modifiable – unmodifiable
natural – unnatural
discernable – indiscernable
lent – borrowed
exclusive – inclusive
independency – dependency
willing – unwilling
nothing more than – nothing less than
agree – disagree
rarely – frequently / often
specific – general
less – more (still more– still less)
most – least
known – unknown
respective – irrespective (irrespective of表示“不管…”)
majority – minority
result in – result from
fortunately -- unfortunately
powerful – powerless
easiness – uneasiness
professional – amateur
aware – unaware
include – exclude
(5) 名词单复数异义
moral – morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)
collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”) – collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)
manner(方法,方式) – manners(礼仪,礼节)
saving – savings(复数表示“存款”)
specie(硬币) – species(种类)（species只有单数）
mean(n.平均值) – means(方法)
(6) 易混短语
live with(同…一起生活,忍受) – live by(靠…过活)
go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于) – go around(四处走动,绕道走)
tend to – intend to
in next week(以当下时间为基准点) – in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点)
spend… in doing sth – spend… on sth
die of(内部) – die from(外部)
rather than – other than
have sb do sth – have sth done
take on(从事，开始对付，呈现) – go on(继续)
take place – take the place of
consist in(在于) – consist of(包括)
in all(总共) – after all(毕竟)
in return(作为报答) – in turn(反过来，轮流)
one reason for +短语 – one reason why +句子
bring out(使显露，使显现) – bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)
be worth doing – be worthwhile to do
react to(对…作出反应) – react with(以…作出反应)
apply… to(将…应用于) – apply for(请求，申请)
3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）
therefore – nevertheless/however (大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)
and – but / while
or – and
but – because
moreover – however
after – before
since – although
there is no…– there is also…
that – if
from now on – from then on
all – none
besides – yet
if – unless
besides – except
therefore – because
so – because
so does he… – neither/nor does he…
that’s why +结果 – that’s because +原因
as if – even if
whether – if
4.代词错误（一致错误）
their – its
that – those (需要特别注意)
which – that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that)
which – what
it – itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)
that/this – it (只有it可作形式主语)
his – one’s (泛指时用one)
you – yourself
it – they
this – such
XX is less sophisticated than what they are today – XX is less sophisticated than they are today
5.冠词错误
(1)定冠词多余
on the either side –> on either side
in the Europe –> inEurope
in the winter –> in winter (季节前不加定冠词)
Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book – Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)
take the issue –> take issue(对…持异议，不同意)
(2)定冠词缺漏
among most –> among the most
one of first –> one of the first
atmosphere –> the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspace）
between us and rest –> between us and the rest
in minority –> in the minority
around floor –> around the floor
piano –> the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)
English language –> the English language
at heart of –> at the heart of
world –> the world(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)
in long run –> in the long run
(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用
illustrate the further difference –> illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及)
注意以下短语的区别
in church – in the church
at college – at the college
in court – in the court
in hospital – in the hospital
in office – in the office
in prison – in the prison
at sea – at the sea
in school – in the school
at table – at the table
6.形容词与副词使用错误
have been currently –> current
be well equipped as –> be as well equipped as
heavy industrialized –> heavily-industrialized
spread colossal –> spread colossally
similar strong –> similarly strong
keep the number constantly at X a year –> keep number constant at X a year
feel hopeless thwarted –> feel hopelessly thwarted
comparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion
(quakes) start deeply in the earth –> start deep in the earth
in the passed 5 years –> in the past 5 years
culture embedded attitudes –> culturally embedded attitudes
as much as –> as often as
from one meter afar –> from one meter away
increasing –> increasingly
simple –> simply
pure –> purely
much –> many
many –> more
large –> larger
early –> earlier
7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)
a world which I could get… –> a world in which I could get…
shows –> that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)
take for granted that –> take it for grated that
1980 –1980s
one of the most glaring form –> one of the mist glaring forms
their jobs engage in their interest –> their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)
complain about sth –> complain sth
work sth –> work out sth
believe in –believe (believe单独使用表示一般的“相信”，believe in表示“信任某人，信仰…”)
point sth –> point out sth
20 percents –> 20 percent
eyes contact –> eye contact
seven – seventh
the process which it function –> the process by which it function
communication service –> communications service (通信服务、通讯服务)
average incomes –> average income (income为不可数名词)
the like of –> the likes of(诸如此类的)
be referred to XX –> be referred to as XX
be viewed as work of are –> be viewed as a work of art(work作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)
8.时态或语态错误
went – go
agreeing – agreed conventions 习俗
consisted – consisting
bored – boring
favoring – favored
if she was –> if she were(非真实条件句)
involves – involving be involved in
will – would (虚拟语气中)
delaying – delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)
the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)
assure – assures (第三人称单数)
have – has (要看清句子真正的主语)
has had 完成时，必须有时间状语，for/since
developing – developed
confronting – confronted
the least understanding –> the least understood
what the have told – what they have been told
if circumstances become favorable – if circumstances should become favorable
not understand= incomprehensive
以上近300个典型例子基本涵盖了所有容易出现的错误，我认为一开始就去记这些例子的效果并不理想，最适宜的方法是先做一定数量的改错练习，然后再看上边的总结以及例子，过后再去做题，就能够掌握改错的一些规律，识别出更多的错误并能将其改正，形成自己的做题方法。另外，要将语法词汇错误和语篇错误区别开来，语法词汇掌握较好，并不代表改错能做好，还要在文章理解上下功夫（有的改错文章其实比较难），应先通读全文，然后再一行一行地去识别错误所在，这样一些很隐蔽的语篇错误就能显现出来。不要一上来就开始找错误，边找错边读文章，这样的结果往往是，一些词汇错误都能找到，但做完后不知所云，好多语篇错误也没有看出来。
