源环境：Windows Server 2008 X + Oracle 11G
目标环境：Linux 5.4 + Oracle 10G（10.2.0.4.0） Rac
迁移方式
由于由上至下迁移，采用exp/imp无法正常导入；故使用expdp/impdp(数据泵)迁移
迁移步骤
源端：
连接cms数据库服务器 192.168.253.113 administrator/******
打开dos窗口 通过expdp命令导出dmp文件，命令如下：
Expdp cms/******@orcl directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=cms.dmp schemas=cms logfile=cms.log version=10.2.0.3.0;
参数说明:expdp 用户名/密码@实例名 directory=【directory_object】虚拟目录对象（DATA_PUMP_DIR系统安装后默认的目录 可用system登陆通过select * FROM dba_directories;查看） dumpfile=导出文件的名 schemas=方案名 logfile=日志文件 version=指定版本导出
将导出的.dmp,.log 文件拷贝到目标环境中（路径是DATA_PUMP_DIR对应的目录）
Plsql system连接数据库 创建cms用户 创建cms表空间 授权cms用户
Ssh连接目标服务器 切换oracle 用户 执行命令：
Impdp system/******@other directory= DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=cms.dmp schemas=cms logfile=cms.log
参数同expdp
一次艰辛的数据导入导出：
环境介绍
源环境：Windows Server 2008 X + Oracle 11G
目标环境：Linux 5.4 + Oracle 10G（10.2.0.4.0） Rac
迁移方式
由于由上至下迁移，采用exp/imp无法正常导入；故使用expdp/impdp(数据泵)迁移
要求
目标表空间，用户按照源数据格式创建好
导出文件
●SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;
●expdp system/oracle@orcl DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB logfile=FALABELLA_AR_expdp_20111214.log status=10 parallel=1 CONTENT=ALL flashback_scn=612654934
SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;
expdp system/oracle@orcl DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB logfile=FALABELLA_AR_expdp_20111214.log status=10 parallel=1 CONTENT=ALL flashback_scn=612654934
压缩dmp文件
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.gzip -9 FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP
gzip -9 FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP
三、上传DUMP文件到目标库并解压。
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.gzip -d FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP
gzip -d FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP
四、准备目标库上原有用户对象
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.CREATE TABLESPACE TBS_FALABELLA_AR LOGGING DATAFILE '/u01/oradata/oracle/TBS_FALABELLA_AR01.DBF'
2. SIZE 1024M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT M MAXSIZE 4096M
3. EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
4./
5.
6.DROP USER FALABELLA_AR_CORE CASCADE;
7.DROP USER FALABELLA_AR_CATA CASCADE;
8.DROP USER FALABELLA_AR_CATB CASCADE;
9.DROP USER FALABELLA_AR_PUB CASCADE;
10.
11.CREATE USER FALABELLA_AR_CORE IDENTIFIED BY FALABELLA_AR_CORE QUOTA UNLIMITED ON TBS_FALABELLA_AR
12.DEFAULT TABLESPACE TBS_FALABELLA_AR
13.TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP;
14.
15.GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO FALABELLA_AR_CORE;
16.
17.CREATE USER FALABELLA_AR_CATA IDENTIFIED BY FALABELLA_AR_CATA QUOTA UNLIMITED ON TBS_FALABELLA_AR
18.DEFAULT TABLESPACE TBS_FALABELLA_AR
19.TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP;
20.
21.GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO FALABELLA_AR_CATA;
22.
23.CREATE USER FALABELLA_AR_CATB IDENTIFIED BY FALABELLA_AR_CATB QUOTA UNLIMITED ON TBS_FALABELLA_AR
24.DEFAULT TABLESPACE TBS_FALABELLA_AR
25.TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP;
26.
27.GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO FALABELLA_AR_CATB;
28.
29.CREATE USER FALABELLA_AR_PUB IDENTIFIED BY FALABELLA_AR_PUB QUOTA UNLIMITED ON TBS_FALABELLA_AR
30.DEFAULT TABLESPACE TBS_FALABELLA_AR
31.TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP;
32.
33.GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO FALABELLA_AR_PUB;
导入
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--第一次导入
2.impdp system/oracle@oracle DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP LOGFILE=FALABELLA_AR_impdp_ALL_20111215.log SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB REMAP_TABLESPACE=TBS_FALABELLA:TBS_FALABELLA_AR CONTENT=ALL PARALLEL=1 STATUS=10 TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE TRANSFORM=segment_attributes:n:table
--第一次导入
impdp system/oracle@oracle DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP LOGFILE=FALABELLA_AR_impdp_ALL_20111215.log SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB REMAP_TABLESPACE=TBS_FALABELLA:TBS_FALABELLA_AR CONTENT=ALL PARALLEL=1 STATUS=10 TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE TRANSFORM=segment_attributes:n:table
导入时发现源库和目标库的字符集不一样，导入的时候虽然完成了，但有一些字段在字符转换的时候报出字段长度不够。检查日志，发现很多如下错误：
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.ORA-02374: conversion error loading table "FALABELLA_AR_PUB"."RGLLEVVF"
2.ORA-129: value too large for column XAPM_NOVIA (actual: 16, maximum: 15)
3.ORA-02372: data for row: XAPM_NOVIA : 0X'4F4C4D45D14F202020202020202020'
ORA-02374: conversion error loading table "FALABELLA_AR_PUB"."RGLLEVVF"
ORA-129: value too large for column XAPM_NOVIA (actual: 16, maximum: 15)
ORA-02372: data for row: XAPM_NOVIA : 0X'4F4C4D45D14F202020202020202020'
于是想出一个办法，先单独导入元数据，然后查找日志，找出所有字段长度有问题的表，把相应的列长度改长：
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--单独导入元数据
2.impdp system/oracle@oracle DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP LOGFILE=FALABELLA_AR_impdp_METADATA_ONLY_DISABLE_CONSTRAINT_20111215.log SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB REMAP_TABLESPACE=TBS_FALABELLA:TBS_FALABELLA_AR CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY PARALLEL=1 STATUS=10 TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE TRANSFORM=segment_attributes:n:table
--单独导入元数据
impdp system/oracle@oracle DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP LOGFILE=FALABELLA_AR_impdp_METADATA_ONLY_DISABLE_CONSTRAINT_20111215.log SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB REMAP_TABLESPACE=TBS_FALABELLA:TBS_FALABELLA_AR CONTENT=METADATA_ONLY PARALLEL=1 STATUS=10 TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=REPLACE TRANSFORM=segment_attributes:n:table
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--查找日志，找出相应的错误，并修改列
2.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.DCSPP_SHIP_ADDR MODIFY (FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(50));
3.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_PUB.RGLLEVVF MODIFY ( XNMB_NOVIO CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPP_NOVIO CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPM_NOVIO CHAR(30 BYTE), XNMB_NOVIA CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPP_NOVIA CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPM_NOVIA CHAR(30 BYTE));
4.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.DPS_USER MODIFY ( LOGIN VARCHAR2(2 BYTE) NOT NULL);
5.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.FBL_CONTACT_INFO MODIFY ( EMAIL VARCHAR2(2 BYTE));
6.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.FBL_ELECTRONIC_SHIPPING MODIFY(SENDER_NAME VARCHAR2( BYTE));
7.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CATA.FBL_STOCK_N_SHIP_WAREHOUSE MODIFY ( CUT_OFF_TIME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE));
8.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CATB.FBL_STOCK_N_SHIP_WAREHOUSE MODIFY ( CUT_OFF_TIME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE));
9.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_PUB.FBL_STOCK_N_SHIP_WAREHOUSE MODIFY( CUT_OFF_TIME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE));
10.ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.FBL_ORDER_BANK_PROMOTION MODIFY (BANK_NAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE));
--查找日志，找出相应的错误，并修改列
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.DCSPP_SHIP_ADDR MODIFY (FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(50));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_PUB.RGLLEVVF MODIFY ( XNMB_NOVIO CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPP_NOVIO CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPM_NOVIO CHAR(30 BYTE), XNMB_NOVIA CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPP_NOVIA CHAR(30 BYTE), XAPM_NOVIA CHAR(30 BYTE));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.DPS_USER MODIFY ( LOGIN VARCHAR2(2 BYTE) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.FBL_CONTACT_INFO MODIFY ( EMAIL VARCHAR2(2 BYTE));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.FBL_ELECTRONIC_SHIPPING MODIFY(SENDER_NAME VARCHAR2( BYTE));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CATA.FBL_STOCK_N_SHIP_WAREHOUSE MODIFY ( CUT_OFF_TIME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CATB.FBL_STOCK_N_SHIP_WAREHOUSE MODIFY ( CUT_OFF_TIME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_PUB.FBL_STOCK_N_SHIP_WAREHOUSE MODIFY( CUT_OFF_TIME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE));
ALTER TABLE FALABELLA_AR_CORE.FBL_ORDER_BANK_PROMOTION MODIFY (BANK_NAME VARCHAR2(30 BYTE));
然后再单独导入数据，但单独导入数据时由于先后关系，会检查参照完整性，于是先DISABLE所有的参照完整性，再导入数据，等导入完成后，再启用所有的参照完整性约束。
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--报外键约束错误
2.ORA-31693: Table data object "FALABELLA_AR_CORE"."DCSPP_SHIPITEM_REL" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:
3.ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEFETCH callout
4.ORA-02291: integrity constraint (FALABELLA_AR_CORE.DCSPP_SHRELTNSHP_F) violated - parent key not found
--报外键约束错误
ORA-31693: Table data object "FALABELLA_AR_CORE"."DCSPP_SHIPITEM_REL" failed to load/unload and is being skipped due to error:
ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEFETCH callout
ORA-02291: integrity constraint (FALABELLA_AR_CORE.DCSPP_SHRELTNSHP_F) violated - parent key not found
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--于是，禁用所有外键约束
2.select 'ALTER TABLE '||OWNER||'.'||TABLE_NAME||' DISABLE CONSTRAINT '||constraint_name||';' from dba_constraints where owner in('FALABELLA_AR_CORE','FALABELLA_AR_CATA','FALABELLA_AR_CATB','FALABELLA_AR_PUB') and CONSTRAINT_TYPE='R';
--于是，禁用所有外键约束
select 'ALTER TABLE '||OWNER||'.'||TABLE_NAME||' DISABLE CONSTRAINT '||constraint_name||';' from dba_constraints where owner in('FALABELLA_AR_CORE','FALABELLA_AR_CATA','FALABELLA_AR_CATB','FALABELLA_AR_PUB') and CONSTRAINT_TYPE='R';
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--单独导入数据
2.impdp system/oracle@oracle DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP LOGFILE=FALABELLA_AR_impdp_DATA_ONLY_DISABLE_CONSTRAINT__20111215.log SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB REMAP_TABLESPACE=TBS_FALABELLA:TBS_FALABELLA_AR CONTENT=DATA_ONLY PARALLEL=1 STATUS=10 TRANSFORM=segment_attributes:n:table
--单独导入数据
impdp system/oracle@oracle DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=FALABELLA_AR_20111214.DMP LOGFILE=FALABELLA_AR_impdp_DATA_ONLY_DISABLE_CONSTRAINT__20111215.log SCHEMAS=FALABELLA_AR_CORE,FALABELLA_AR_CATA,FALABELLA_AR_CATB,FALABELLA_AR_PUB REMAP_TABLESPACE=TBS_FALABELLA:TBS_FALABELLA_AR CONTENT=DATA_ONLY PARALLEL=1 STATUS=10 TRANSFORM=segment_attributes:n:table
[sql] view plaincopyprint?
1.--启用所有外键约束
2.select 'ALTER TABLE '||OWNER||'.'||TABLE_NAME||' ENABLE NOVALIDATE CONSTRAINT '||constraint_name||';' from dba_constraints where owner in('FALABELLA_AR_CORE','FALABELLA_AR_CATA','FALABELLA_AR_CATB','FALABELLA_AR_PUB') and CONSTRAINT_TYPE='R';
--启用所有外键约束
select 'ALTER TABLE '||OWNER||'.'||TABLE_NAME||' ENABLE NOVALIDATE CONSTRAINT '||constraint_name||';' from dba_constraints where owner in('FALABELLA_AR_CORE','FALABELLA_AR_CATA','FALABELLA_AR_CATB','FALABELLA_AR_PUB') and CONSTRAINT_TYPE='R';
OK,大功告成，终于看到了久违的成功日志：
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_03" successfully completed at 07:29:24下载本文
