引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下,某事很可能发生,条件是可能存在的,主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。
如:
If you ask him,he will help you.
If you fail in the exam,you will let him down.
If you have finished the homework,you can go home.
if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时,表示对现在或过去的一种假设。
如: If I were you,I would invite him to the party.
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.。
另外你还要注意if 条件句的时态搭配
1.if从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的,他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴,它就会抓你。
注:if从句是肯定句,主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词后要加s/es,否则,动词用原型
If从句是否定句,主语是第三人称单数时,用doesn’t+动词原形
如:If it rains,I will stay at home.
We will have a picnic if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
2.如果主句有must/may/might/can/should等情态动词,if从句用一般现在时,
If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.
If it stops snowing we can go out.
You must stop if the traffic light is red.
If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.
4.表示客观事实时,主句用一般现在时,if从句用一般现在时,
If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热,它就会化成水。
5.if从句用现在进行时,主句用一般将来时
If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs.
6.if从句用现在完成时,主句用一般将来时
If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了,我就叫服务生来算账
7. If 引导的条件状语从句和宾语从句的区别:
引条件状从:表示“如果”“假如”,位于句首获句末
引宾从 :表“是否”,位于及物动词之后。
如:I don’t know if he will come tomorrow .if he comes, I’ll call you.
在宾语从句中,如果主句是一般现在时,从句的时态根据需要确定,如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句也要用过去时,而在if 引导的条件状从中,从句要用一般现在时。
注意 :
学习" if " 引导的条件状语从句的用法,现在总结一下:
if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;
条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。
条件句表可能,主句多用将来时;
条件句表事实,主句常用现在时。
在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。如:
We can walk there if we can't find a bus .
If it rains tomorrow ,we will not go to the zoo.
What will you do if you find a panda in danger.
如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件,则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如:
If bears are in danger ,they attack people.
在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,if 和条件句位置灵活,可直接放在主句后面,若 if 条件句放句首, 从句后面要加逗号,和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则
if 条件状语从句的时态练习
Ⅰ.单项选择(15分)
1.If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going
2. It will be a long time ____ Peter _____ his work.
A. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before, finishes.
3. What will father _____ us from Japan? A. take B. bring C. carry D. make
4. Weifang is famous ______ kites. A. for B. to C. on D. with
5. I ____ her the answer if she ____me.
A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks
6. – What are you going to do tomorrow?
--We’ll go to the library tomorrow if it ___.
A. isn’t rain B. rain C. won’t rain D. doesn’t rain
7.—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?
--Sorry, I don’t know. When he ____ back, I’ll tell you.
A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come
8. What will you do if you _____ to the old folk’s home visit?
A. go B. went C.going D. will go
9. If I eat ____ food, I’ll be very fat.
A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too
10. I’ll give the book to him if he ___ here next Sunday.
A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came
11. There ____an English film in our school tomorrow.
A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. has
12. Could you tell us where ____?
A. will the next Olympic Games held
B. the next Olympic Games will be held
C. would the next Olympic Games be held
D. the next Olympic Games would be held
13. When my mother returned last night, I ____ a book.
A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. am going to read
14.What ____ you ____ when it began to rain?
A. do, do B. were, doing C. are, doing D. did, do
15. I’ll wake you up when he ____back.
A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come下载本文