Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.

Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(100points)

Text1

第1段：The world’s richest1%are on course to control as much as two-thirds of the world’s wealth by2030,according to a shocking analysis.World leaders are being warned that the continued accumulation of wealth at the top will fuel growing distrust and anger over the coming decade unless action is taken to restore the balance.

第2段：An alarming projection produced by the House of Commons library suggests that if trends seen since the2008financial crash were to continue,then the top1%will hold%of the world’s wealth by2030.Since2008,the wealth of the richest1%has been growing at an average of6%a year—much faster than the3%growth in wealth of the remaining99%of the world’s population.Should that continue,the top1%would hold wealth equating to$305tn(£216.5tn)—up from$140tn today.

第3段：Analysts suggest wealth has become concentrated at the top because of recent income inequality,higher rates of saving among the wealthy,and the accumulation of assets.The wealthy also invested a large amount of equity in businesses,stocks and other financial assets, which have handed them disproportionate benefits.

第4段：A major problem with the influence exerted by the very wealthy leads to falling levels of trust.In a new polling by Opinium,participants were asked to select a group that would have the most power in2030,and most(34%)said the super-rich,while28%opted for national governments.Those surveyed said they feared the consequences of wealth inequality would be rising levels of corruption(41%)or the“super-rich enjoying unfair influence on government policy”(43%).

第5段：The research above was commissioned by Liam Byrne,the former Labour cabinet minister,as part of a gathering of MPs,academics,business leaders,trade unions and civil society leaders focused on addressing the problem.

第6段：Byrne,who organised the first OECD(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)global parliamentary conference on inclusive growth,cautioned that the already tilted scale of world’s wealth was about to“take its last straw”.“If we don’t take steps to rewrite

1the rules of how our economies work,then we condemn ourselves to a future that remains unequal for good,”he said.“That’s morally bad,and economically disastrous,risking a new explosion in instability,corruption and poverty.”

第7段：Danny Dorling,professor of geography at the University of Oxford,said the scenario in which the super-rich accumulated even more wealth by2030was a realistic one.“Even if the income of the wealthiest people in the world stops rising dramatically in the future,their wealth will continue to grow for one to two more decades”he said.

1.According to Paragraph1,what would happen by2030

A.World leaders would be relieved of their position.

B.Public anger at the wealthiest would be reconciled.

C.The richest would pocket over half of the world’s wealth.

D.The poor would demonstrate their power through protest.

2.It is suggested that the other99%of the world’s population______.

A.was far more impacted by the2008financial crisis than the richest1%

B.could hardly catch up with the other1%in wealth despite moderate growth

C.has to double its increase rate in wealth to achieve a proportional distribution

D.needs to expand their investment in business and other financial assets

3.The results from Opinium’s new polling are mentioned to______.

A.demonstrate people’s declining faith in government sectors

B.explain the supreme power possessed by the super-rich

C.express the growing concern over political corruption

D.reveal unfair policy-making in favor of the super-rich

4.The expression“take its last straw”is closest in meaning to______.

A.collapse under the ultimate burden

B.take the last opportunity

C.face a demanding challenge

D.complete its final process

5.According to Danny Dorling,the current trend of wealth accumulation among the super-rich is.

A.dramatic

B.questionable

C.idealistic

D.unstoppable

2Text2

第1段：The number of people forced to flee their homes rose to a record high in2017,with 16.2million people newly displaced around the world.The figure includes people who have been displaced for the first time,and those who have been forced from their homes multiple times.

第2段：The figure of68.5million displaced people—3million higher than the total population of the UK—includes25.4million refugees,40million internally displaced and3.1 million asylum seekers.The increase came despite the return of more than5million displaced people to their countries of origins.

第3段：Despite its large number,displaced population in some sense is not a ubiquitous issue. The annual figures,compiled by the UN refugee agency,UNHCR(United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees),saw five countries accounting for two-thirds of all refugees (excluding those defined as long-term Palestinian refugees):Syria(6.3million);Afghanistan(2.6 million);South Sudan(2.4million);Myanmar(1.2million)and Somalia(986,400).

第4段：The new figures emerged after the actor and director Angelina Jolie,a special envoy for the UN agency,warned of a funding shortfall for the agency’s work in Syria—the largest group of displaced.Speaking during a visit to Domiz Camp in Iraq on Sunday,home to33,000refugees displaced by the Syrian war,Jolie told a press conference that the agency’s appeal for Syrian refugees was hugely underfunded even in comparison with last year.

第5段：When UNHCR’s Syria response was only50%funded last year,and this year it is only17%funded,there are terrible human consequences.We should be under no illusions about this.When there is even not the bare minimum of aid,refugee families cannot receive adequate medical treatment,women and girls will be left vulnerable to sexual violence,many children cannot go to school,and we squander the opportunity of being able to invest in refugees so that they can acquire new skills and support their families.

第6段：The new totals come at the end of a decade of sharply rising numbers of displaced, which have risen inexorably from more than42million in2007to the current total.This means one in every110people in the world is currently displaced,with most of the sharp increase occurring in the last five years.

第7段：Although Syria once again dominated the figures,2017was also marked by a significant rise in displaced people from North and Central America,with increasing numbers of people journeying to seek asylum in Mexico and the US,even as Venezuelans continued to flow out to neighbouring countries.The totals also saw the sixth successive year of increases in the number of refugees under UNHCR’s mandate,with a rise of just under3million last year to a

3total just short of20million,the highest known total to date.

6.The current trend of the number of displaced population is the one of______.

A.steadiness

B.fluctuation

C.decline

D.upsurge

7.By listing figures of the five countries,the author intends to show that______.

A.Syria has the largest number of refugees among the five countries

B.the other one-third of the refugees can hardly be identified

C.displaced population concentrates in a few number of countries

D.civil conflicts are most serious in some Middle-east countries

8.According to Jolie,the relief work in Syria faces the problem of______.

A.overpopulation of refugees

B.inadequacy in funding

C.political disagreement

D.local disturbances

9.Which of the following would happen without even minimum aid?

A.Refugees would be deprived of the chance to earn their own living.

B.Females would stand at a grave disadvantage against mistreatment.

C.Children cannot be admitted to schools opened for non-refugees.

D.The spread of epidemic cannot be controlled in refugee camps.

10.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A.The Rising Number of Refugees Worldwide

B.The Difficulty in Seeking Political Asylum

C.The Complete Failure of UNHCR’s Mandate

D.The Serious Situation of Syrian Refugees

Text3

第1段：Barely3percent of the American work force bikes or walks to work with any frequency,despite the obvious virtues:decreased risks for obesity and diabetes,environmental benefits and lower transportation costs.Ask people why they“eschew”what’s known as active commuting,however,as many surveys have,and the primary reason cited is time.Those things

4take too long,most say.

第2段：They’re probably wrong.A new study published in a journal called “Transportmetrica A:Transport Science”shows that people often overestimate the time required to commute actively,a miscalculation especially common when someone has secured a parking permit near the office.

第3段：For the study,researchers at Penn State solicited the school’s faculty,staff and students to complete an extensive series of online questionnaires about their fitness,health, commuting and parking habits,comfort and ability on a bike or as pedestrians,distance from home to their main workplace on campus and how long they thought it would take them to either bike or walk that distance.Only a few of the505respondents went by foot or bike;most of them were students.Estimates of commuting times were then compared with the corresponding route times calculated by Google Maps.The researchers independently timed some of the routes by walking or riding them.

第4段：The survey participants—faculty and staff members above all—proved to be generally poor at guessing active-commuting times.About90percent of their estimates were too long by at least10minutes.The few assessments close to Google’s were almost always made by riders or walkers.Parking availability and distances affected the estimates.

第5段：Those with parking permits,a fiercely sought-after campus amenity,tended to overestimate active-commuting times significantly;the closer someone lived to the workplace,the better the guesses.Confidence had an outsize effect,too.The people surveyed,especially women, who had little bicycling experience or who did not feel physically fit thought that active commuting would require considerably more time than the Google calculations.

第6段：The study is limited,of course,because it relies on an insular,self-selected group of respondents to provide information about themselves,a topic on which people can be surprisingly unreliable.The published results also did not delve into such pressing active-commuting concerns as hygiene,showers or the logistics of carrying changes of clothes.

第7段：“But the study’s results do indicate that time may be less of a barrier to active commuting than many might anticipate,”says Melissa Bopp,an associate professor of kinesiology at Penn State and the study’s senior author.“I’d urge anyone who is considering biking or walking to work to do a test run,”she says,perhaps on a weekend(although the traffic patterns will be different from those during the week).Ask colleagues for route suggestions.“Google is good at finding bike paths,”she says,but it emphasizes brevity and directness over scenery for walkers.

11.The word“eschew”(Para.1)most probably means______.

A.breach

5B.guard

C.acclaim

D.avoid

12.According to the“Transportmetrica A:Transport Science”,people______.

A.fail to calculate the active commute time correctly

B.are reduced to finding parking space personally

C.overrate the required time to secure a parking permit

D.make an accurate prediction about the time consumed

13.Which of the following is true about the survey participants according to Paragraphs4and5?

A.Their mathematical ability is inferior to others’.

B.The influence of confidence has been overvalued.

C.Parking right is a contributing factor to their calculation.

D.They feel physically fit by choosing an active commute.

14.According to Melissa Bopp,the time consumed in active commuting may______.

A.be exaggerated partly

B.deserve more attention

C.be estimated continually

D.need to be strengthened

15.Melissa Bopp’s attitude toward working by bike or by foot is______.

A.indifferent

B.supportive

C.indignant

D.apprehensive

Text4

第1段：How effective are antimicrobial“courtesy masks”at preventing the spread of contagious airborne illnesses?The best evidence suggests that,when sick,wearing a mask can help to protect others from getting sick.And when well,wearing a mask around those who are sick will probably decrease your own chances of becoming infected.But the masks are far from foolproof.

第2段：Courtesy masks,or what we doctors refer to as medical masks,were introduced into the operating room in the late1800s.They quickly became popular among a public eager to protect itself against the influenza epidemic of1918.A century later,the advent of modern molecular techniques confirmed that medical masks can indeed provide good protection against flu.

6

第3段：In a2013study,researchers counted the number of virus particles in the air around patients with flu.They found that medical masks decreased the exhalation of large viral droplets 25-fold.The masks were,however,less effective against the fine viral droplets that can remain suspended in the air longer and are therefore more infectious,cutting them by2.8times.

第4段：Surgical masks also afford fairly good protection for the worried well.In an oft-cited study of446nurses,researchers found surgical masks were as good,or nearly as good,at protecting the wearer against flu as breathing apparatus,a somewhat more high-tech,masklike device used in hospitals.The work of Australian investigators provides further support for the value of the simple medical mask.They estimate that in a home setting,wearing a surgical mask decreases a well person’s risk of getting sick by60percent to80percent.

第5段：However,most people fail to wear a mask faithfully enough to achieve this degree of protection,and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention remains ambiguous about the use of masks outside of health care settings.“No recommendation can be made at this time for mask use in the community by asymptomatic persons,including those at high risk for complications,to prevent exposure to influenza viruses,”the agency concludes on its website,“If you don’t have a mask,or don’t want to wear one,standing at least six feet from an infected person will increase your chances for staying healthy.”

第6段：The air surrounding sick people,even if they aren’t coughing or sneezing,is loaded with small infectious particles,and the farther you are from them,the better.Washing your hands frequently,of course,is also critical for staying healthy,since touching infected fingers to the eyes, nose or mouth can transmit infection.

16.It can be inferred from Paragraph1that wearing a mask______.

A.can defend the sick from radiation

B.still faces the danger of getting sick

C.is of little significance for the healthy

D.enjoys a vital position against epidemics

17.Modern molecular techniques verified______.

A.people’s increased awareness of the flu

B.their significant impact on medicine

C.the reliability of medical masks

D.the urgency of fighting against flu

18.According to Paragraph4,which of the following is true about masks?

A.The effect of masks is no less than that of breathing apparatus.

7B.Masks can actually assist people with psychological anxiety.

C.Masklike-device has gained popularity in hospitals and clinics.

D.Australian investigators offer new insights into medical masks.

19.In Paragraph5,the author shows his concern that______.

A.the habit of wearing masks has not yet been cultivated

B.most people didn’t succeed in addressing some problems

C.the agency failed to give some constructive suggestions

D.the use of masks is not generalized in health care settings

20.In an environment loaded with infectious particles,people______.

A.are bound to suffer from coughing

B.are suggested to take some precautions

C.are unable to be healthy by any means

D.are supposed to stay away from the sick

8题号：1.【答案】C。解析：本题为事实细节题。根据题干by2030定位到第一段第一句The world’s richest1%are on course to control as much as two-thirds of the world’s wealth by2030, according to a shocking analysis.【根据一项令人震惊的分析结果，世界上最富有的1％的人到2030年将控制世界财富的三分之二。】对应C项The richest would pocket over half of the world’s wealth.【最富有的人会将超过半数的世界财富收入囊中】，故为正确答案。干扰项：A、B、D项均不符合原文。

题号：2.【答案】B。解析：本题为事实细节题。根据题干定位到第二段第二句Since2008,the wealth of the richest1%has been growing at an average of6%a year—much faster than the3% growth in wealth of the remaining99%of the world’s population.【自2008年以来，最富有的1％的人的财富以每年平均6％的速度增长——比世界其余99％的人的财富增长3％快得多。】理解句意可知最富有的1%的人已经在财富总量上远超剩余99%的人，其财富增长速度又是剩余群体的二倍，其余99%几乎不可能赶上最富有的1%。对应B项could hardly catch up with the other1%in wealth despite moderate growth为正确项。干扰项：A项无中生有。C项偷换概念，最富有的1%的人的财富增长速率是剩余99%的二倍，并不是99%的人打算将其增长率翻倍。D项无中生有。

题号：3.【答案】A。解析：本题为例证题。例证题根据题干中信息定位到原文论据位置：第四段第二句。例证题正确答案从论点中寻找：第四段第一句A major problem with the influence exerted by the very wealthy leads to falling levels of trust.【最富有的群体产生的社会影响导致了民众信任度降低。】对应A项demonstrate people’s declining faith in government sectors【表现了民众对部门信任度降低】，故为正确项。干扰项：B项无中生有。C、D 项均为具体论据，就事论事，不符合题干要求。

题号：4.【答案】A。解析：本题为词义句意题。根据题干定位到第六段第一句，但词义句意题答案需在定位的上下文中寻找。本题答案定位到第六段第二句“If we don’t take steps to rewrite the rules of how our economies work,then we condemn ourselves to a future that remains unequal for good,”he said.【“如果我们不采取措施来重写经济体的运作规则，那么我们会永远面对一个不平等的未来，”他说。】对应A项collapse under ultimate burden【（世界财富的平衡）将会在终极压力下打破】，故为正确项。干扰项：B、C、D均不是短语的含义，故错误。

题号：5.【答案】D。解析：本题为事实细节题。根据题干定位到最后一段第一句Danny Dorling,

1

professor of geography at the University of Oxford,said the scenario in which the super-richaccumulated even more wealth by2030was a realistic one.【牛津大学地理学教授丹尼多林说，超级富豪到2030年积累更多财富是实实在在会发生的情形。】财富不断积累是现实会发生的，对应D项unstoppable【（当下最富有人群财富累加的趋势是）无法停止的】，故为正确项。干扰项：A、B项不符合原文。C项与原文事实相反。

题号：6.【答案】D。解析：本题为事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段第一句The number of people forced to flee their homes rose to a record high in2017,with16.2million people newly displaced around the world.【2017年被迫逃离家园的人数上升至历史新高，全球新近流离失所的人数为1620万人。】题干问流离失所人数的趋势是什么，对应D项upsurge【急剧增长】符合原文，故为正确答案。干扰项：A项【平稳】，B项【波动】，C项【下降】，均不符合原文所描述的趋势，故错误。

题号：7.【答案】C。解析：本题为例证题。题干可定位到第三段第二句论据部分。一般来说，例证题的正确项需在段落论点出寻找，故定位到本段第一句Despite its large number, displaced population in some sense is not a ubiquitous issue.【尽管流离失所人口的数量巨大，这一问题从某种角度来说并不是一个世界性的问题。】对应C项displaced population concentrates in a few number of countries【流离失所人口集中在一些国家】，符合原文意思，故为正确项。干扰项：A项就事论事，将论据本身内容作为论点，是例证题典型错项。B项无中生有，文章未提及其他三分之一的难民，故错误。D项无中生有，文章未提及国内冲突的因素，故错误。

题号：8.【答案】B。解析：本题为事实细节题。根据题干可定位到第四段第一句The new figures emerged after the actor and director Angelina Jolie,a special envoy for the UN agency,warned of a funding shortfall for the agency’s work in Syria—the largest group of displaced.【联合国机构特使，演员兼导演的安吉丽娜·朱莉（Angelina Jolie）警告说，该机构在最大的流离失所者群体所在的叙利亚出现工作资金短缺，接着这个新的数字（难民总数）便出现了。】题干问叙利亚的救济工作面临的问题是什么，对应B项inadequacy in funding【资金不足】，符合原文，故为正确项。干扰项：A、C、D项均符合常理，但无中生有，在文章未提及，故错误。题号：9.【答案】B。解析：本题为事实细节题。根据题干可定位到第五段第三句When there is even not the bare minimum of aid,refugee families cannot receive adequate medical treatment, women and girls will be left vulnerable to sexual violence,many children cannot go to school,and we squander the opportunity of being able to invest in refugees so that they can acquire new skills and support their families.【当最低限度的援助都没有时，难民家庭就不能得到足够的医疗救治。此外，妇女和女孩容易遭受性暴力，许多儿童不能上学，我们也浪费了投资难民以便他们能够获得新技能并养活他们的家人的机会。】对应B项Females would stand at a grave disadvantage against mistreatment.【女性将在虐待中处于劣势地位】，符合原文含义，故为正确项。干扰项：A项偷换概念，原文可定位到本段第三句第四个分句，we指代救助工作者，

2指救助工作者浪费了投资难民的机会，A项偷换为难民被剥夺了维持生计的机会，故错误。C项信息错误，原文未提及难民儿童不能入学的学校类型，故错误。D项无中生有，原文未提及。

题号：10.【答案】A。解析：本题为主旨大意题。据最后一段第一句Although Syria once again dominated the figures,2017was also marked by a significant rise in displaced people from North and Central America,with increasing numbers of people journeying to seek asylum in Mexico and the US,even as Venezuelans continued to flow out to neighbouring countries.【尽管叙利亚人再次在难民总数里占了大头，越来越多的人去墨西哥和美国寻求庇护，委内瑞拉人继续流向邻国，2017年北美和中美地区流离失所者人数仍大幅增加。】此处点明了文章主题，即世界范围内难民数量都在增加，即对应A项The Rising Number of Refugees Worldwide，故为正确答案。干扰项：B、C、D项均不是文章中心，以偏概全，错误。B项【寻求政治避难的困难】，C项【UNHCR条令的彻底失败】，D项【叙利亚难民的严峻处境】。

题号：11.【答案】D。解析：本题为词义句意题。根据题干可定位至第一段第二句Ask people why they eschew what’s known as active commuting,however,as many surveys have,and the primary reason cited is time.【然而很多调查发现，当被问及为什么不选择这些所谓的“活跃通勤”方式时，人们提到的主要因素是时间。】前面说为什么活跃通勤。活跃通勤是一种健康的出行方式，那人们一定是没有选择这种方式，并且后面也给出解释，原因是没时间。所以D项为正确答案。干扰项：A项【违反/破坏】，B项【保卫/监视】，C项【欢呼/喝彩】。题号：12.【答案】A。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干中的Transportmetrica A:Transport Science 可定位至第二段第二句people often overestimate the time required to commute actively,a miscalculation especially common when someone has secured a parking permit near the office.【人们往往高估了活跃通勤所需的时间，在办公室附近拥有停车许可证的人尤其会做出错误估计。】未能正确计算活跃通勤所需的时间。fail to calculate对应文中的miscalculation。故A 项为正确答案。干扰项：B项【人们沦落到只能亲自找停车位】文中是人们在办公室附近有停车位。C项【高估获得停车许可证所需的时间】张冠李戴，高估的是活跃通勤，也就是骑自行车或者步行所需时间。D项【准确预测花费的时间】语义错误，文中是高估。

题号：13.【答案】C。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干可定位至第四、五段。Parking availability and distances affected the estimates.【停车权和距离对估计有所影响。】C项中的parking right 对应文中的parking availability，calculation对应文中的estimates。故C为正确答案。干扰项：A项【他们的数学能力不如别人。】，文中提到proved to be generally poor at guessing active-commuting times.【在估算活跃通勤用时方面大都很糟。】并不是他们的数学能力差。B项【信心的影响力被高估了。】，文中是Confidence had an outsize effect.【信心也会产生巨大影响。】并没有高估。D项【他们通过选择活跃通勤感到身体健康。】，文中提到The people surveyed,especially women,who had little bicycling experience or who did not feel physically fit

3thought that active commuting would require considerably more time than the Google calculations.【没有骑车经验或觉得身体不适的受访者，尤其是女性，对活跃通勤的用时的估计大大高于谷歌的计算。】用文中的个别词进行干扰。实则无中生有。

题号：14.【答案】A。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干可定位至最后一段第一句“But the study’s results do indicate that time may be less of a barrier to active commuting than many might anticipate,”【“这项研究结果确实表明，与许多人的预期不同，时间对活跃通勤的阻碍并不是很大，”】通勤时间在一定程度上被夸大了。故A项为正确答案。干扰项：B项【值得更多关注】，C项【不断估计】，D项【需要加强】均无中生有。

题号：15.【答案】B。解析：本题为观点态度题。根据题干可定位至最后一段。I’d urge anyone who is considering biking or walking to work to do a test run.【我会敦促那些考虑骑车或步行上班的人进行一次试骑或试走。】Google is good at finding bike paths,but it emphasizes brevity and directness over scenery for walkers.【谷歌很擅长寻找骑行路线，但谷歌偏重寻找简洁和直接的路线，不太关注步行者看到的风景。】说明步行可以看到很多风景，所以Melissa Bopp 对于骑车或步行去上班是支持的。故B项supportive【支持的】为正确答案。干扰项：A项indifferent【漠不关心的】，C项indignant【愤怒的/愤慨的】，D项apprehensive【忧虑的】均不符合此处态度。

题号：16.【答案】B。解析：本题为细节推断题。根据题干可定位至第一段末句But the masks are far from foolproof.【但口罩绝非万无一失。】foolproof【（方法、计划、系统等设计得）万无一失的，肯定成功的】，如果不认识这个单词，我们也可以根据but转折句，前后语义转折进行推断。前一句说And when well,wearing a mask around those who are sick will probably decrease your own chances of becoming infected.【健康者在患者周围时戴口罩很可能会降低被感染的几率。】这里说了戴口罩的作用。那么转折后面就是相反的意思。但是，戴口罩仍然面临生病的危险。故B项为正确答案。干扰项：A项【能保护病人免受辐射】无中生有，没有提到辐射问题。C项【对健康的人来说意义不大】语义错误。D项【在对抗流行病方面占据重要位置】过度推断。

题号：17.【答案】C。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干可定位至第二段最后一句A century later, the advent of modern molecular techniques confirmed that medical masks can indeed provide good protection against flu.【一个世纪后，现代分子技术证实了医用口罩确实能够很好地预防流感。】本句说的是医用口罩对抗流感的作用，医用口罩的可靠性。故C项为正确答案。干扰项：A项【人们预防流感的意识增强】They quickly became popular among a public eager to protect itself against the influenza epidemic of1918.【在1918年流感大流行期间，公众渴望保护自己免于患上流感，所以这种口罩很快流行起来。】但这并不是由现代分子技术证实的。B项【它们对医学的重大影响】，D项【对抗流感的迫切性】均不符合题干。

题号：18.【答案】A。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干可定位至第四段第二句surgical masks

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were as good,or nearly as good,at protecting the wearer against flu as breathing apparatus,a somewhat more high-tech,masklike device used in hospitals.【医用口罩在保护佩戴者免于感染流感方面几乎和呼吸器一样有效，后者是医院使用的一种技术含量更高的面具式设备。】as... as【和……一样】，A项中的no less than【不亚于】与此同义。故A项【口罩的效果不亚于呼吸器的效果。】为正确答案。干扰项：B项【口罩实际上可以帮助心理焦虑的人。】，文中提到Surgical masks also afford fairly good protection for the worried well.【医用口罩也能很好地保护担心患病的健康人士。】注意这里的the worried指的是担心患病的人，而不是患有心理疾病的人。C项【类似面具的装置已经在医院和诊所中流行起来。】，没有说变得流行起来，只是在医院有使用。D项【澳大利亚调查人员对医用口罩提供了新的见解。】，文中提到The work of Australian investigators provides further support for the value of the simple medical mask.【澳大利亚调查人员的研究进一步巩固了简单的医用口罩的价值。】提供了支撑，并没有给出新的见解。

题号：19.【答案】A。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干可定位至第五段第三句However,most people fail to wear a mask faithfully enough to achieve this degree of protection,and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention remains ambiguous about the use of masks outside of health care settings.【然而，大多数人佩戴口罩不够坚持，不足以实现这种程度的保护，而美国疾病控制和预防中心对在医疗场合之外佩戴口罩的态度依然模棱两可。】戴口罩的习惯还没有养成。故A项为正确答案。干扰项：B项【大多数人没有成功地解决一些问题】，此项没有说清楚没有解决什么问题。C项【该机构没有给出一些建设性的建议】，不是作者担心的内容。D项【口罩的使用在医疗环境中并不普遍】，文中说人们在医疗场所之外不带口罩，并没有说在医疗场所之内不带口罩，故错误。

题号：20.【答案】D。解析：本题为细节题。根据题干可定位至末段第一句The air surrounding sick people,even if they aren’t coughing or sneezing,is loaded with small infectious particles, and the farther you are from them,the better.【即使患者没在咳嗽或打喷嚏，他们周围也充满具有传染性的小颗粒，离它们越远越好。】the farther you are from them,the better.这里的them 承前指代，往前可以找到，指代的是sick people。故D项为正确答案。干扰项：A项【一定会咳嗽】用文中的部分词进行干扰。B项【建议采取一些预防措施】符合常理，但文中未提及。C项【无论如何都不能保持健康】无中生有，故错误。

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