| New words | |||
| haze | n. | [C, U] 霾；烟雾 | |
| marijuana | n. | [U] 大麻 | |
| economy | n. | [C] 经济；（被视为某个经济实体的）国家 | |
| a market / planned economy | |||
| campus | n. | [C, U] （大学的）校园 | |
| We have rooms for 5, 000 students on campus. | |||
| demonstration | n. | [C] 示威（活动） | |
| There were a number of demonstrations against the new tax. | |||
| radicalism | n. | [U] 激进主义 | |
| governor | n. | [C] （美国）州长 | |
| dissident | a. | 者的 | |
| n. | [C] 者 | ||
| 1. a group of dissident writers 2. The government has promised to release some dissidents. | |||
| liberal | n. | [C] 主张变革的人 | |
| clash | n. | [C] (~ between) 冲突；激烈争吵 | |
| Yesterday violent clashes broke out between police and protesters. | |||
| establishment | n. | 1. (the ~ )（国家的）统治集团，当权派 2. [U] 建立；确立 | |
| 1. It's no good fighting the establishment. 2. Since the establishment of the club two years ago, membership has doubled. | |||
| passion | n. | [C, U] （爱情、愤怒等）强烈的情感 | |
| She spoke with strong passion and moved everyone present. | |||
| passionate | a. | 感情强烈的；激昂的 | |
| He has a passionate interest in music. | |||
| protest | n. | [C, U] (~ at / against)（强烈的）；异议；集会 | |
| Students will hold a protest this weekend at the federal building. | |||
| alliance | n. | [C, U] (~ between / with) 结盟；联盟 | |
| Successive French governments maintained the alliance with Russia. | |||
| launch | vt. | 发动；发起（军事袭击，公众调查等） | |
| They will launch a new weather satellite next month. | |||
| ultimately | ad. | 最终；终于 | |
| Technological advances could ultimately lead to even more job losses. | |||
| resignation | n. | [C, U] 辞职 | |
| The scandal led to the minister's resignation. | |||
| activism | n. | [U] （主张为政治、社会目的而采取包括暴力等各种手段的）激进主义，行动主义 | |
| characterize | vt. | 成为……的特征 | |
| The military is usually characterized as being very conservative. | |||
| dorm | n. | [C] (infml)（学校、军营等的）寝室，宿舍 | |
| indie | a. | （电影和音乐）公司制作的 | |
| liberating | a. | 令人觉得自由的 | |
| It's liberating to be able to play soccor again after so many years' hard working. | |||
| awakening | n. | [C] 觉醒；认识；意识 | |
| Anyone who believes in lasting peace will be in for a rude awakening. | |||
| prime | a. | ( only before noun ) 首要的；最重要的 | |
| Our prime concern was the safty of our customers. | |||
| cynic | n. | [C] 愤世嫉俗者；认为人皆自私者 | |
| apathetic | a. | 毫无兴趣的；漠然的 | |
| Most of the passers-by are apathetic to beggars on the street. | |||
| heady | a. | 使人忘乎所以的；令人陶醉的 | |
| He missed the heady freedom of the late 1960s. | |||
| descending | a. | 下降的；递降的 | |
| Arrange the numbers in desending order. | |||
| employability | n. | [U] 可雇佣；达到雇佣条件 | |
| employment | n. | [U] 职业；工作 | |
| After graduation, she found employment with a local finance company. | |||
| prospect | n. | 1. (~s) 胜算；（尤指工作和事业方面）成功的可能性 2. [C, U] （尤指好事发生的）可能性 | |
| 1. The prospects for employment in the technology sector are especially good right now. 2. Spending a week at his cousin's ranch was an exciting prospect. | |||
| affordability | n. | [U] 平价；支付得起 | |
| issue | n. | [C] (~ about / around)（值得关注的）问题；议题 | |
| There were issues about the way the department was organized. | |||
| accessibility | n. | [U] 可获得性 | |
| opportunity | n. | [C, U] (~ to do sth) 机会 | |
| The programme gives students the opportunity to learn more about global warming. | |||
| umbilically | ad. | 关系极为密切地 | |
| She is umbilically attached to her extended family. | |||
| obscure | a. | 1. 晦涩的；费解的 2. 不知晓的；无名的；默默无闻的 | |
| 1. The rules for the competition are somewhat obscure. 2. The report had been published in an obscure German journal. | |||
| bliss | n. | [U] 无上幸福；至福 | |
| Phrases and expressions | ||
| bring sb to one's knees | 迫使某人屈服 The marathon brought quite a few runners to their knees. | |
| give rise to sth | 引起；导致；为……的原因 Pollution has given rise to great concern about the environment in the areas. | |
| form an alliance with | 与……结盟 Independent companies are encouraged to form strategic alliances with each other. | |
| bring about | 使发生；导致 Computers have brought about many changes in workplace. | |
| in spite of | 不顾；不管 The house will certainly sell, in spite of the fact that it's overpriced. | |
| keep off | （使）不靠近；（使）不碰 Keep the flies off the food. | |
| drop out | 退出活动；退学 She was injured in the first round and had to drop out. | |
| in descending order | 递降的 You should arrange the seats in desending order. | |
| in / of itself | 本质上；就其本身而言 Using someone else's name is not of itself a crime, unless there is an intention to commit a fraud. | |
| rely on | （为生活、运作等）依靠，依赖 At least we can rely on him. | |
| set up | 开办；建立 The group plans to set up an independent state within the country. | |
| New words | |||||
| sophomore | n. | [C] (AmE)（美国大学或高中的）二年级学生 | |||
| Lit | n. | (abbr Literature or Literary) 文学课程 | |||
| ironic | a. | 反语的；讽刺的 | |||
| It's ironic that a government so concerned about law and order is disregarding an international treaty. | |||||
| gender | n. | [C, U] (fml) 性别 | |||
| colonialism | n. | [U] 殖民主义 | |||
| post-colonialism | n. | [U] 后殖民主义 | |||
| modernism | n. | [U] （艺术、文学等方面的）现代主义 | |||
| postmodernism | n. | [U] 后现代主义 | |||
| definition | n. | [C] 词义；定义；释义 | |||
| Match the words with their definitions. | |||||
| industrial | a. | 工业的；产业的 | |||
| America's industrial production fell for the fourth sucessive month. | |||||
| post-industrial | a. | （经济基础已由重工业转为服务业、高技术等的)后工业化的；工业化后的 | |||
| baby boom | n. | [C] (infml)（尤指第二次世界大战后1947—1961年间美国的）生育高峰 | |||
| overthrow | vt. | ；使下台 | |||
| The new government was overthrown in a military coup. | |||||
| repressive | a. | （统治或法律）残酷的，严苛的 | |||
| The repressive regime put thousands of protesters to prison. | |||||
| rebel | vi. | (~ against) 造反；反抗 | |||
| There were minor groups who rebelled against the government. | |||||
| chant | v. | 反复地喊；反复地唱 | |||
| The audience were chanting his name. | |||||
| destruction | n. | [U] 毁灭；摧毁 | |||
| The building must be saved from destruction. | |||||
| petition | n. | [C] 书 | |||
| bracelet | n. | [C] 手镯；臂镯 | |||
| inspirational | a. | 鼓舞人心的，有鼓舞力量的 | |||
| Brown's last minute goal for the Red Wings was truly inspirational. | |||||
| philosophy | n. | 1. [C] （影响某人决断及处事的）思想体系；宗旨 2. [U] 哲学 | |||
| assert | vt. | 断言；宣称 | |||
| The government asserted that no more money would be available. | |||||
| collectively | ad. | 共同地；集体地 | |||
| People refer to these different medical conditions collectively as heart disease. | |||||
| nostalgic | a. | 怀旧的；恋旧的 | |||
| A lot of adults feel nostalgic about their childhood. | |||||
| frustration | n. | [C, U] 挫折；烦恼 | |||
| When he learned the result of the election, he left in frustration. | |||||
| chat room | n. | [C] （因特网上的）聊天室 | |||
| resonance | n. | [ C, U] （情感的）共鸣，反响 | |||
| era | n. | [C] 时代；纪元 | |||
| We are living in an era in which technology is developing rapidly. | |||||
| technological | a. | 技术的；工艺的 | |||
| This problem is brought by technological change. | |||||
| profound | a. | 根深蒂固的；深刻的 | |||
| This is a scientific discovery of profound significance. | |||||
| Phrases and expressions | ||
| sit up | 1. 警觉；诧异；关注 2.（使）坐起来；熬夜 1. The performance made all the critics sit up and take notice. 2. Would you like sit up and read for a while? | |
| by definition | 就本质而言；从定义上来说 A dictatorship means, by definition, one center of power. | |
| take to | 去，往；走上 The workers took to the streets to protest against cutting pay. | |
| stand for | 主张；支持 I want to know what she stands for before I'll vote for her. | |
| assert oneself | 坚持自己的主张 Don't give up — you need to learn to assert yourself. | |
| be associated with | 与……相关联 His social problems were associated with drinking. | |
| make sense | 讲得通；有意义 It made good sense to continue with the reforms. |
| New words | |||
| grip | n. | [sing] 1. 权力；控制；支配 2. 抓牢；紧握 | |
| banker | n. | [C] 银行家 | |
| statute | n. | [C, U] 法令；法规 | |
| authorize | vt. | 授权；许可 | |
| deduction | n. | [U] 扣除 | |
| source | n. | [C] 来源；出处 | |
| punctually | n. | [U] 按时；准时 | |
| oblige | vt. | (fml) (usu passive)（以法律、规定或责任）迫使 | |
| syllabus | n. | [C] （某学科的）教学大纲 | |
| emphasize | vt. | 强调；重视 | |
| penalize | vt. | 1. 处罚；惩罚 2. 不公平对待（某人） | |
| prior | a. | (fml) 先前的；之前的；事先的 | |
| denounce | vt. | 1. 告发；控告 2. 谴责；痛斥 | |
| denunciation | n. | 1. 告发；控告 2. 谴责；痛斥 | |
| contravene | vt. | (fml) 与……相抵触；违反（规章、法律或协议） | |
| irregularity | n. | [C] (usu pl) 违规 | |
| demise | n. | [sing] (fml) 消亡；不复存在 | |
