1. ______ n. 电梯；升降机→ ______ n. 电梯（美）
2. ______ adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的→ ______ n. 办公室；办事处→ ______ n. 军官；高级职员
3. ______ n. 航行；航海
4. ______ n. 本地人；本国人；adj.本国的；本地的
5. ______ adv. 实际上；事实上→ ______ adj. 实际的；确实的
6. ______ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的→ ______ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
7. ______ n. 本身；本体；身份→ ______ adj. 同样的；同一的→ ______ v. 确定；识别→ n. 鉴定；认同
8. ______ adj.流利的；流畅的→ ______ adv. 流利地；流畅地
9. ______ adj. 频繁的；常见的→ ______ adv. 常常；频繁地
10. ______ n. 使用；用法；词语惯用法→ ______ v. 使用；利用
11. ______ n.& vt. 命令；指令；掌握→ ______ n. 指挥官；司令官
12. ______ vt. 辨认出；承认；公认→ ______ n. 辨认；识别
短语：
1. because ______ 因为；由于
2. come ______ 走近；上来；提出
3. ______ time 随着时间的推移
4. be ______ on 基于； 以……为基础
5. make ______ of 利用；使用
6. ______ it or not 信不信由你
7. play a ______ （in） 扮演一个角色；参与
8. ______ a list 列名单
1. Do you know that there is ______ ______ ______ kind of English?
你知道(世界上)不止有一种英语吗？
2. ______ ______ ______ ______ , there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
1. present n. 礼物；现在 adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送；提出
The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.
这辆山地自行车是父母送给我的生日礼物。
Were you present when the decision was announced?
宣布那项决定时你在场吗？
All the presents should be presented to each students present at the present time.
所有的礼物都应当送给目前在场的每一位学生。
用法点拨 ：present 可作名词，动词和形容词。 作形容词时，意为“出席的；在场的；在座的”，常作表语或后置定语；作动词时读/pri′zent/，意为“呈送；赠送；提出”。
常用结构：
at present/at the present time目前
be present at出席
【即学即练】
完成句子
①出席会议的人都赞同这个计划。
All the people who ______ ______ at the meeting were for the plan.
②目前我们还没抓到这个贼。
We haven’t found the thief ______ ______ .
2. command n.&vt. 命令；指令；掌握
The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.
那名军官命令士兵们开火。
A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.
将军是统率众多士兵的人。
常用结构：
get/have a good command of... 精通……；掌握……
in command of sb.由某人指挥着
under the command of sb.在某人的指挥下
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that ... 命令…（从句用虚拟语气，即should+ do 形式，should可省略）
【即学即练】
完成句子
①所有这些都隶属于第十二军司令部。
All these troops passed ______ ______ ______ ______ the Ⅻth Corps Headquarters.
②他命令手下撤退。 He ______ his men ______ retreat.
③她下令把那些囚犯释放。
She commanded that the prisoners ______ ______ ______ .
③(should) be set free
用法点拔：command后面的宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语形式是should+动词原形，可省略should。有此种用法的动词还有：demand, order, suggest, advise, insist, request等。
3. request vt.& n. 请求；恳求；要求
Do you request anything else? 你还需要别的吗？
She made a request for help.她请求帮助。
The famous star sang a song by request.
那位明星应邀演唱了一首歌。
用法点拨： request可作动词或名词，意为“请求，要求”; 作动词用时，其后从句跟虚拟语气，其结构是should＋动词原形，且should可省略。
【速记名片】
常用虚拟语气的动词口诀:一坚持(insist),二命令（order, command），三建议（advise, suggest, propose），四要求（ask, demand,request, require）。
常用结构：
request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
make a request 发出请求
at the request of sb.＝at sb.’s request 依照某人的请求
【即学即练】
完成句子
①这封信要求我们在六周内搬出这所房子。
The letter ______ ______ ______ ______ the house within six weeks.
②老师要求学生们对考试做充分的准备。
The teacher made a request that the students ______ ______ ______ for the exams.
③你可以通过我们网站发送（浏览）请求，我们获取资源并反馈给您。
You ______ ______ ______ via our web site, we fetch the resource and send it back to you.
4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately.
当他从车站里走出来时，我立刻认出了他。
Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.
大家都承认他为合法继承人。
This is a recognized method of making tea.
这是一个公认的沏茶的方法。
常用结构：
recognize sb.认出某人
recognize...as...认定；承认……为……
be recognized as被认为是……
recognize sb./sth....to be...认为某人/某事物是……
recognize that ...承认……
【联想拓展】
recognized adj.公认的；经过验证的
【即学即练】
完成句子
①你的变化太大了，我简直认不出来了。
You have changed so much that I can hardly ______ ______ .
②许多人都没有看到这一切正处于被否定的危险之中。
Many people fail to ______ ______ all these things are in danger of being denied.
单项填空
③—Oh, it’s you! I ______ you.
—I have just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
A. hadn’t recognized B. haven’t recognized C. didn’t recognize D. don’t recognize
5. more than
其后接数词，意为“比……多，超过”，相当于over；其后接名词，意为“不只是，不仅仅”，表示程度和加强语气；其后接形容词或副词，意为“十分，非常”；其后接动词，意为“岂止是，不仅仅”；其后接从句，意为“比……更”。
There are more than 100 people at the party.
有100多人参加聚会。
Peace is much more than the absence of war.
和平不仅仅就意味着没有战争。
The consequence was much more than he imagined.
结果远远超出了他的想像。
用法点拨：more than+one 意为“不止一个”，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a (许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟than one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。
【联想拓展】
more＋ adj. ＋than...为一个表示比较级的句型，意为“比……”。
more A than B 相当于not so much B as A，是指“与其B倒不如A”。
not more than 意为“至多，不超过”，相当于at (the) most。
no more than 后面常接数词，表示数量少，相当于only，意为“仅仅，只有”。
no more(...)than...意为“和……一样都不……”，表示对前后两方面均否定。
【即学即练】
完成句子
①他没能通过驾驶考试。与其说是因为他胆小倒不如说是因为他粗心。
He failed to pass the driving test.The reason lies ______ in his carelessness ______ in his timidness.
②他只是一个不到10岁的孩子。
He’s only a child of ______ ______ ______ 10 years old.
③令我吃惊的是，只有5个人同意我的观点。
To my surprise， ______ ______ ______ 5 members shared my idea.
选词填空（more than/no more than/more...than/not...more than）
④—Do you need any help, Lucy?
—Yes. This job is ______ I could do myself.
⑤—My son is a little slow in studying maths.
—He’s ______ lazy ______ slow. He seldom does any exercises.
⑥When I first began to work，you know，I could earn ______ 50 dollars every month.
⑦I’ll ______ give you ______ I can spare.
6. because of 因为；由于（介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词及what从句）
He didn’t go to school because of his illness.
由于生病他没去上学。
The bus was late because of the heavy snow.
因为大雪公交车晚点了。
温馨提示 ：注意because of与because的区别。because of是介词短语，后跟名词；because是连词，后跟句子。
【易混辨析】
because/as/since/for
because表示直接原因，语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中，也只能用because。
as用于解释做某事的原因，语气较弱，通常位于主句前。
since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实，常意为“既然”。语气比because弱，但比as强。通常位于主句前，并常与as换用。
for并列连词，连接并列分句，表示一种补充说明，是推测或判断的理由，语气较弱，不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因，相当于because。
【即学即练】
单项填空
He was late not only ______ his illness but also ______ he missed the train.
A. because; for B. because of; because C. as; for D. for; since
7. come up 指（人）走近；出席；（太阳，月亮）升起；（植物）发芽；被提出
The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去局的路。
New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.
从老（竹）竿的根周围又会长出新的幼芽（竹笋）来。
It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
温馨提示：come up动词短语，无被动语态，意为“走近；上来；发芽；流行；发生；被提出；上升”。come up with意为“(针对问题等)提出，想出，提供”，其主语是人。
【联想拓展】
come over 过来；顺便来访 come across 邂逅
come about 发生 come at 向……扑来；攻击
come from 来自 come out 出版;开花；结果是
come up with 想出 come round 绕道而来；苏醒
come down 落下；塌下 come to 达到；苏醒；谈到；涉及
【即学即练】
单项填空
①They aren’t afraid when they ______ the difficulties in their study.
A. come up B. come to C. come about D. come out
②He ______ to Beijing days ago; and he will work for months as a visiting professor in Beijing University.
A. come up B. came up C. went down D. leaves for
8. play a part (in) 在……中担任角色；在……中起作用；参与
I will play the part of the nurse in the play.
我将在那部戏里扮演一名护士。
He plays an important role/part in family relations.
他在家庭关系方面起着重要的作用。
Why not play a part in their discussion?
为什么不参与他们的讨论啊？
用法点拨： play a role/part in是由动词+名词+介词构成的动词短语，这类短语有两个重要考点：（1）用名词作主语，用于被动句；（2）用名词作先行词，用于定语从句。类似短语有：make use of, pay attention to等。
【联想拓展】
take part (in sth.) 参加, 参与（某事物）
for my part 就我来说
for the most part 整体上;通常;多半
【即学即练】
完成句子
①有多少国家要参加世界杯？
How many countries ______ ______ ______ ______ in the World Cup?
②对我来说, 我们到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。
______ ______ ______ , I don’t mind where we eat.
③多数情况下，一位老师不得不教一个班里孩子们所有的科目。
______ ______ ______ ______, one teacher had to teach all subjects to the children in the class.
单项填空
④The role that our army ______ in flood control is important.
A. made B. acted C. played D. did
9. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. （P13）
信不信由你，（世界上）没有什么标准英语。
believe it or not在句中用作插入语，意为“信不信由你；我说的是真的”。
Believe it or not, he asked me to tell you a lie!
信不信由你，他要我向你说谎！
Believe it or not，the eight-year-old boy can speak three foreign languages.
信不信由你，这个8岁的孩子会说三门外语。
用法点拨： believe it or not在句中通常作插入语，表明说话者的语气或态度。
【联想拓展】
常用作插入语的短语：
to tell the truth老实说 to say nothing of更不用说……
to be honest 说实在的 to be frank 坦率地说
to be exact 确切地说 judging from...依据……判断（常位于句首）
generally speaking一般说来（常位于句首）frankly speaking坦白地说
【即学即练】
单项填空
①______, boys are stronger than girls. （2010·江苏徐州质量检测）
A. To speak generally B. Generally to speak
C. Generally speaking D. Generally spoken
② ______the hat he ______, the old man is a farmer.
A. Judging from; is wearing B. Judging by; is having on
C. To judge by; putting D. Judged by; is putting
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. He looks handsome and gentle, but a______ he is a thief.
2. Pronunciation and grammar is quite important in English learning. And so is v______.
3. “A______” is often used in American English while “flat” is used in British English.
4. Some English people have a strong a______, which adds difficulties to our understanding of them.
5. Do you believe that managers should have authority to _______（命令）their subordinates(属下)?
6. Don’t push me for an answer to your ______（请求）.
7. He looked at me without ______（表情）.
8. As a thriving(繁荣中的) ______ （中西部的） city, Chicago is still the beating heart of much of America’s industry.
9. Didn’t you ______ （辨认出）my voice?
10. He drew a ______ （直的）line on the paper.
Ⅱ. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
even if/more than/for example/because of/such as/be different from/make use of/come up/the number of/at present
1. Your life will _______ this moment.
2. We won’t be discouraged _______ we fail ten times.
3. They _______ advertisements to plug(宣传) the new product.
4. —What’s _______ your car?
—Oh, it’s 87533.
5. Interest is paid at the rate of 1% per annum(年) _______ .
6. _______ to the fire, and you will thaw out(暖和起来).
7. Many great men have risen from poverty—Lincoln, _______ .
8. Karl Marx could speak a few foreign languages, _______ Russian and English.
9. _______ years of hard work she looked like a woman in her fifties.
10. I’ll stay here not _______ three days.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. Many beautiful birds are disappearing in this area _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (因为污染严重).
2. It’s more useful to learn modern language _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (例如英语和德语), than Latin.
3. The scientist was asked _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (他的理论是以什么为基础的).
4. You have a lot of housework to do，so you have to _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (充分利用好每分钟).
5. The number of people learning computers is _______ _______ (逐渐增多)these years.
6. He works very hard so that he _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ （能买一套自己的公寓）.
7. _______ _______ （现在）everything is at an end.
8. _______ _______ _______ （在某些方面）, these words are different from one another.
9. When you hear two _______ _______ _______ _______ (本土的人说英语), their English may be different.
10. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ （即使你知道他的地址）, how can you find him?
Ⅳ. 单项填空
1. _______ of the street there is a book shop.
A. At the end B. By the end C. In the end D. To the end
2. —Will you go to his birthday party?
—No, _______ invited to.
A. so as B. as if C. as though D. even if
3. —Did you return Fred’s call?
—I didn’t need to _______ I’ll see him tomorrow.
A. though B. unless C. when D. because
4. _______ students are practising _______ English with each other at the English corner.
A. The number of; to speak B. A great deal of; spoken
C. A number of; speaking D. A great many; speak
5. The film _______ on the book by Jack London is well worth _______ .
A. basing; seeing B. based; being seen C. to be based; to seeD. based; seeing
6. This habit is hard to form _______, but in the long run, it will do you good.
A. in future B. at present C. in present D. at the present
7. Do you know which country corn is _______?
A. native to B. native in C. made to D. native
8. There at the door stood a girl about the same height _______ .
A. as me B. as mine C. with mine D. with me
9. She was born _______ and now is about in her _______ .
A. in 1960s; forties B. in the 1960s; forties
C. in her 1960s; forty D. in 1960; forty
10. Facing the emergence, we were at a loss and none of us could _______ a solution to the problem.
A. come about B. come out C. come up against D. come up with
11. —What do you think _______ an important part in their lives?
—Folk music.
A. plays B. takes C. makes D. acts
12. —When will the manager take his holiday?
—He _______ leave until June 5.
A. is expected to B. expects to C. isn’t expected to D. doesn’t expect
13. It is nice to hear from her. _______, we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. What’s more B. That is to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not
14. What _______ of English he !
A. good command; is at B. a good command; has
C. good command; has D. good commands; has
15. The old pianist wouldn’t listen to our repeated request that he _______ in public again.
A. play B. played C. would play D. was going to play 下载本文
