Fun time！
A newly married woman was sitting on a chair, looking vexed, when her husband came home.
"What's up? Why do you look so troubled?" the husband asked. The woman replied, "I'm so sorry. I was ironing your new suit and burned a hole in your trousers." And the man said,
"That's all right. I have another pair that is exactly the same."
"Thank God you do. I used it to mend this pair," the wife responded.
1. mean 的用法
1). mean doing sth. 意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）, 其主语通常是指事物的词
2). mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事，主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，过去完成式表示本来打算做某事
3). mean sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事，也可以用于被动结构
4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句, 表示；打算；存心等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示„„”
5). be meant for “打算给予；打算作„„用”
In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting
2. take place 发生；举行 (不能用于被动语态中!)
① The performance didn’t take place after all.
② Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?
与place相关短语：
in the first place （用于列举理由）首先，第一点 in the last place 最后
in one’s place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想 in place 放在原来的位置，就位
in place of 代替，用„„而不用„„ take one’s place 找替某人接替某人的位置
3. of all kinds 各种各样的
all kinds of 各种各样的 the same kind of 相同种类的
different kinds of 不同种类的 this/that kind of 这（那）种 a kind of 某种
That kind of question is very difficult to answer.= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer.
We sell all kinds of shoes.= We sell shoes of all kinds.
You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo.
= You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo.
用动词的适当形式填空
① Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
② This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
4. starve v. 挨饿; 饿死
He said he would starve rather than beg for food.
5. plenty n. 富裕
days/years/...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月
You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about?
plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词, 用于陈述句
You needn’t hurry. There is plenty of time left.
Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy.
6. satisfy vt. 满足,使„满意;
satisfied a. 感到满意的; be satisfied with
satisfying a. 令人愉快的
satisfaction n. 满意; to one’s satisfaction
satisfactory a. 令人满意的 satisfactorily ad. 满意地
She bought a satisfactory computer—it’s cheap and of high quality.
辨析 satisfactory, satisfied, satisfying
satisfactory 指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令人满意, 主语一般用客体
satisfied指主体对事物或表现感到满意, 主语是主体(人)
She is satisfied with the service. 她对该项服务感到满意
satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快,
主语是不定式. 常用于句型: It’s satisfying to do sth. 做...使人满意
It’s satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting.
Fun time！
Bernie was invited to his friend's home for dinner. Morris, the host, preceded every request to his wife by endearing terms, calling her Honey, My Love, Darling, Sweetheart, etc. Bernie looked at Morris and remarked, "That is really nice, that after all these years that you have been married, and you keep calling your wife those pet names." Morris hung his head and whispered," To tell the truth, I forgot her name three years ago."
7.hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的区别与用法
hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害、伤痛,也可精神上, 感情上的伤害
injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失
damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。
wound 指伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。
The girl herself badly in the accident.
Several cars were in the accident.
He his hand while playing basketball.
The bullet his left leg.
8.origin n. 起源；源头
the origins of the life on earth 地球上生命的起源
in memory of/ to the memory of sb. 纪念某人
The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.
9.Dress
作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句词或代词, 意思是“给„穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词,
Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服
dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in.
Harry up and get dressed.
The girl was dressed in red.
dress up是“打扮,化装”
You should dress up when you take part in the party.
She is ___ in red today and looks very beautiful.
A.wearing B. having on C. dressing D. Dressed
10. award. n. 奖, 奖品 v. 判给, 授予
award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物
辨析: award 和reward:
award后接双宾语 award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章
reward 奖赏, 酬谢, 不能接双宾语。
reward sb. for sth. 因„奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人
She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.
11. admire v. 意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”
表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.”
We all admire him for his courage and bravery. 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识
12.look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事
其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号
13. as though和as if没有什么区别。
as if用得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气
(1) 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened． 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的
当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词to be时, 可以把主语和to be一起省去 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something． 他四处张望, 好像寻找什么
(2) 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气，根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人
Fun time！
During a visit to the mental asylum, a visitor asked the director ..., "What is the criterion that defines a patient to be institutionalized?" "Well..." said the director, "we fill up a bathtub, and we offer a teaspoon, a teacup, and a bucket to the patient and ask him to empty the bathtub." "Oh, I understand," said the visitor. "A normal person would choose the bucket as it is larger than the spoon or the teacup." "Noooooooo!" answered the director. "A normal person would pull the plug."
14.have fun 过得快乐 = have a good time, enjoy oneself.
短语有have fun ( in ) doing sth.
15. keep one’s word 守信用
反义词是break one’s word 失信
注意：keep one’s word和break one’s word中的名词word不能用复数形式！
in a word/in short/to be short 简言之；总之 have a word with sb. 与某人谈话
have words with sb. 与某人发生口角 in other words 换句话说
16. obvious adj.
1) obvious+ to + 表示人的名词或代词
Her disappointment was obvious to her friend.
2) It + be + obvious +that-clause 显而易见,一目了然
It was obvious that she was in danger.
辨析：obvious/apparent/clear obvious 是三者中程度最强的，含有“一目了然” 之意。
It is obvious that you are wrong. apparent具有某些明显的迹象，侧重经历推理才能看出结果。
It was apparent from his face that he was lying. clear 表示明白的，清楚的。指不模糊含混，易于观察，了解和识别。 如：He seems clear about his plans.
17. marry 的用法：
1) 她嫁给了一个律师。She married a doctor.
表示“和......结婚”时，marry为及物动词，要用marry sb.，而不用marry with sb.
2) 她和一位律师结婚了。 She was married to a lawyer.
表示婚姻状态, 后接宾语时要用介词to， 而不用with.
3) 他们结婚三年了。They have been married for three years.
注意：marry和get married 都表示短暂行为，不能和表示一段时间的短语连用
而have been married则表示婚姻状态，可以与表示婚姻状态持续多久的时间状语连用
18. set off: 动身, 出发; 使（地雷、）爆炸; 使某物更有吸引力
set about doing sth. 着手(做某事) set in 开始 set up建立，创立 set down写下，记下
set somebody to do something. 使某人开始工作
set somebody doing something 使某人处于某种动的状态
19. have fun with sb
I like having fun with my friends.
Have fun at the party tonight.
make fun of sb. 嘲弄; 取笑
20. congratulate
Congratulate sb on sth/doing
Congratulate you on passing the driving test.
Congratulations to sb on sth/doing
Congratulations to you on passing the driving test.
21. Permit/permission
Permit/allow doing Permit/allow sb to do
Smoking is not in teachers’ office.
Nobody is to smoke in the teachers’ office.
Nobody can smoke without .
Fun time！
A middle aged woman had a heart attack and was taken to the hospital. While on the operating table she had a near death experience. Seeing God, she asked if this was it. God said, "No you have another 43 years, 2 months, and 8 days to live." Upon recovery the woman decided to stay in the hospital and have a face lift, lip-suction, breast augmentation, tummy tuck, etc. She even had someone come in and change her hair color, figuring since she had so much more time to live, she might as well make the most of it. She got out of the hospital after the last operation and while crossing the street was killed by an ambulance speeding to the hospital. Arriving in front of God, she demanded, "I thought you said I had another 40 Years? "God replied, "I didn't recognize you."
22.情态动词
1. 情态动词有一定的意义，表示或暗示某种情绪或态度，表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等
2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即不随主语的不同而变化
3. 情态动词不能使用，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语
4. 情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的 不定式
5. 情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。
must
(1)表示必须， 多处于义务、责任或强制命令(must提问，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to).
(2) mustn’t 表示禁止。意思是“不许”、“不准”、“不可以”。
(3) 用于发生了某种于说话人的愿望相反、不受欢迎的事时，意思是“偏偏”、“偏要”。
(4) 表示推测， 只能用于肯定句。
can /could
(1)表示能力
(2)表示推测时，只用在否定句或疑问句中。
(3) 表示允许(许可或请求许可）
(4) 表惊异、怀疑等
could可表示能力或可能性，多用于过去，也可指现在，通常表示虚拟或作为can的委婉形式。
can / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上没做某事” ；
在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。
He can’t have been to that town.
may/might
(1)表示可能性，might比may可能性更小。
(2) 表示请求、许可，多用于肯定和疑问句中
(3) 表示愿望
might 比 may 语气更委婉
may/might表示推测时，表示对现在或将来要发生的事情把握不大。
might/may have done表示对过去发生的动作进行的可能性推测。
will/would
(1)表示意愿，will表示现在的意愿，would表示过去的意愿。
(2)表示征求意见或提出请求，主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，will和would均可用，would此时并不表过去，而表示委婉语气。
(3)表示习惯和倾向性
will表示现在的习惯，would表示过去的习惯(=used to do)。
(4)表示推测
will用于谈论现在，would可用于谈论过去，也可用于谈论现在(语气较委婉)。
shall / should
(1)在陈述句中,shall用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。
(2)shall在疑问句中, 用于一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见。
(3)should常表示应当，意思和ought to相近，但语气较弱。
(4) should用于可能性推测时, 表“应该，很可能”
(5)should have done表示责备或批评,意为“本应该…但”
用must shall / should will/would may/might can /could填空
You do as I say.
It be true.
He gone to the clinic.
I ask you a question?
She asked if I go with them.
You done better, but you didn’t try your best.
you be happy all your life.
You hand in your homework today.
Go where you .
I thought you finished it by now.
They left at 5:30. They get there now.
Nothing stop me doing it. (决心)
you please post the letter for me?
Ask him. He know.
He not come today.
Why t he do it that way?
you speak Japanese?
She left without saying a word.
Tell him that he have the book tomorrow. (允诺)
When he was a child, he often go skiing.
Sunday night suit you?
He be reading novels now.
How you be so rude?
The road is wet. It have rained last night.
Oil float on water.
I open the window for you？（征求意见）
He read about the news in the newspaper.
Every family have some sort of trouble.
You go now, but he can’t.
He not be at home now.
he fetch some water for you？（请求）
Young people learn how to use computers.
You smoke here.
You told her the truth earlier. 下载本文
