课程名称 _ 大学英语 II
授课章节 __ Unit 4 Text A___
授课对象 _ 2011级艺术类本科
课程性质 _ 公共基础课
授课时间 ____ 4学时________
Ⅰ. General Introduction
Text :Unit 3 Text A Turning Off TV: A Quiet Hour
Teaching Aims【教学目的】: To enable the students (Ss) to —
1. understand the main idea (The author of this article is raising his voice against TV, urging viewers to turn off their sets and enjoy a previous quiet hour, an hour without the distraction of TV.) and structure of the text;
2. master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;
3. conduct a series of listening, speaking, reading and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.
Teaching Focus【教学重点】:
1. Key Words & Phrases to Drill:
1) activity, actually, barely, current, disturb, emotional, gap, imagination, invent, involve, neighborhood, prohibit, proposal, propose, rate, social, typical, worthwhile
2) at first glance, bring together, come up with, grow up, in part
2. Usage
Certain set expressions with or without the article
3. Main structure
1) take a ride, pay a visit to, have / take a rest, have a talk, have a discussion on / about, take a last look
2) subjunctive mood: with…. / without….; propose / suggest that…..; My proposal is that…
3) present perfect tense: It has been / is …since….
Difficulties【教学难点】:
Discourse Analysis of the Text
Teaching Methods【教学方法】:
Questions, explanation, analysis, sentence-making, oral practice and exercises.
Teaching Aids【教学手段】:
Multimedia teaching facilities
Innovations【创新点】:
Group discussion is used to summarize effective ways to learn English well.
Ⅱ. Teaching Procedures (of Text A)
| STEPS | METHODS | OBJECTIVES | TIME |
| Introduction | Explanation | To inform the Ss of the teaching procedures | 2 min |
| Warming-up | Questions and group discussions | To lead into the topic of text A | 20 min |
| Study of the Text | Questions for comprehension, analysis, explanations | To grasp the main ideas, make clear the author’s ideas | 25 min |
| Text Organization | Questions and Explanations | Analyze the writing and reading skill in this text | 10 min |
| Language Study & Difficulties Explanation | Explanation, sentence-making | To discover Ss’ difficulties, study key language points | 50 min |
| Useful Expressions | Translation | To consolidate the useful expressions | 10 |
| Grammar Focus | Group work | To practice the usage “adverbial modifier” and the structure “double objects” | 15 min |
| Group Discussion | Discussion and presentation | To develop the students’ speaking skill. | 20 min |
| Check Exercise | Explanation | To explain difficult points. | 15min |
| Translation | Group work and discussion | To develop the translating skill | 10 |
| Assignment | Written work | Ask students to do Exercise VI and learn Text B by themselves after class | 3 min |
| Total | 180 min |
Step 1 Warm-Up Questions
1. Do you often watch TV? Why or why not?
2. What TV program(s) do you like best? Why?
3. What are disadvantages of watching too much TV?
Step 2 Introductory Remarks
Television, since its first prevalence over radio in the 1950s, has played a more and more important role in people’s lives. As a matter of fact, it has become so much a part of human life that a modern world without television is unimaginable. Some people even say that life without television is not worth living. But some, on the other hand, argue against TV. They think TV is taking up too much of a person’s time and making him lazy, not to mention its harmful influence upon him. The author of this article, for example, is raising his voice against TV, urging viewers to turn off their sets and enjoy a precious quiet hour, an hour without the distraction of TV.
This article was first published in Newsweek in 1976.
Step 3 Introductory Questions
1. Some worthwhile programs are mentioned in the Editor’s Note. What are they? Can you cite some of them?
(News, educational programs for children, plays, movies, concerts, etc.)
2. What does Mayer suggest in his article?
(He suggests that TV broadcasting be prohibited for an hour or so in the evening.)
3. During that quiet hour, what might the family do without the distraction of TV?
(They might sit around together and talk to one another.)
4. What would be the immediate result if the family members could use that quiet hour to discuss their problem?
(They would get to know each other better and to like each other better.)
5. What other activities could families pursue besides such conversations?
(They could take a ride to see the sunset or take a walk to see the neighborhood.)
6. What would happen if the family could spend the quiet hour reading books?
(A more literate new generation would appear.)
7. What does the author suggest as an alternative to silent reading?
(He suggests reading good stories aloud.)
8. What good effects, according to Mayer, might be produced on TV programs is his proposal were accepted?
(TV networks would be forced to come up with better shows.)
9. How did Americans use to spend their spare time before TV came to control their lives?
(They used to spend spare time partly with radio; also with reading, learning, talking, playing games.)
10. What do you think of Mayer’s suggestion? Will it be accepted or not? Why or why not?
(His suggestion sounds reasonable but hard to be put into practice. No one will give up something which has become so much a part of his life—not even for an hour.)
Step 3 Part Division of the Text
| Part | Lines | Main Idea |
| 1 | 1 — 3 | The author proposes that every evening, for 60 to 90 minutes, all television broadcasting in the U.S. be prohibited by law. |
| 2 | 4 — 28 | The author mentions some problems caused by watching too much TV and suggests some activities to fill the time when turning off TV. |
| 3 | 29 — 42 | People could have more fun if they turned off TV for one or two hours every day as they did in the past. |
For Part 1
1. True or False Judgment
Direction: The following True / False exercise is designed to help the students to obtain a general idea of the text. The students are expected to repeat a statement if it is true, and to correct the statement if it is false.
1) The author feels that the amount of time his countrymen spend on watching TV is too much. (T)
2) The author proposes to stop the television broadcasting on evening news in the United States.
(F)
The author proposes to stop the television broadcasting right after the early evening news in the United States.
3) The time suggested by the author to turn off the TV is 90 minutes.
(F)
The time suggested by the author to turn off the TV is 60 to 90 minutes.
2. Multiple Choice
What functions does the first paragraph serve?
A ) Introduction
B ) Describing the proposal in detail
C ) Explaining why the author put forward his proposal
Key: A
For Part 2
1. Scanning
Discussion: Read the text and summarize the benefits of turning off TV for an hour.
People could
1) communicate with each other better
2) find more active entertainments
3) read books so that they are well-educated
4) read stories aloud
5) watch the sunset
6) see the neighborhood
7) might come up with better programs
2. Blank Filling
Directions: Find specific details to support the following argument.
| Argument | I would like to propose that all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited for sixty to ninety minutes by laws. |
| Support I | Less family communications were resulted from the distraction of TV. |
| Support II | Families could discover more active pastimes rather than just sit rooted in front of TV. |
| Support III | With free time and no TV, child and adults would be better-educated by means of reading. |
| Support IV | As an alternative to silent reading, reading good stories aloud can bring family closer and also force TV networks come up with quality programs. |
| Conclusion | An hour without the distraction of TV is not radical at all. |
Questions
1. Why does the author think that it might be radical to Americans at the first glance?
2. How long has the TV controlled the Americans’ life?
3. What is the purpose of the example in the last paragraph?
Step 5 Language Study & Difficulties Explanation
Lead In
1. spend time doing
2. free time: spare time
3. worthwhile: adj. that is worth the time, effort, etc.; needed; valuable 值得花时间等的;有价值的(句子中作表语,定语或宾语补足语)
a worthwhile experiment, a worthwhile book
A visit to London will always be worthwhile.
So few movies are worthwhile nowadays.
I bought some worthwhile books last term.
I think it worthwhile to ask him to join the club.
It is worthwhile to do/ doing something
It is worthwhile reading the book.
worth 值..., 作表语形容词,其后必须接宾语, 表示" 价钱,代价该词不能作定语.
The bike is worth 300 Yuan.
当worth后接动名词作宾语时,表被动意义.
His suggestion is worth considering.
如: a. It is not worth more than £2.
b. It is not worth the paper it is printed on.
(这还不值印刷的纸钱。)
c. The book is well worth reading. (worth后接动名词,用主动表被动)
d. It is worthwhile to come all the way to see the scenic spot.
worthy: 意为"值得,配得上的", 可以与介词of搭配, 后接宾语.
His behavior is worthy of great praise.
注: worthy of接动名词作宾语时多用被动词态.
His suggestion is worthy of being considered.
worthy 作表语, 还可以接不定式
She is not worthy to be his wife.
worthy 作定语,意为"可尊敬的, 配得上的"
a worthy man, a worthy winner
4. educational programs for children
5. current social problem
6. and so on
7. nevertheless: in spite of this; despite this; however; still
8. be forced to do
Para 1
Question : What does the author suggest in the first paragraph?
(He suggests that TV broadcasting be prohibited for an hour or so in the evening.)
1. propose: suggest; put forward or offer (sth) for discussion; advise
We propose that the meeting (should) be put off.
Or: We propose putting off the meeting.
We propose that students read English aloud in the moring.
Pattern: propose + that / doing
proposal: n. plan or schedual
His proposal to put off the meeting was rejected.
It is usually followed by an object clause in the subjunctive form after verb like propose, demand, suggest, request, move, insist, urge, require, recommend, maintain, ask, vote, etc. (This is chiefly used in very formal English.)
We suggest students (should) listen to English program over radio.
2. right: exactly; immediately 就;正好
3. evening news 晚间新闻
4. television broadcasting 电视播放
5. prohibit: vt. forbid (especially by rules or laws)
Pattern: prohibit sth. / doing sth.; prohibit sb. from doing sth.
What do you think should be prohibit on campus / in a bedroom?
Smoking is prohibited in public places.
Smoking is strictly prohibited. 严禁吸烟。
be prohibited by law 依法禁止
I would like to propose that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United Stated States be prohibited by law.
I propose that we (should) start early.
Para 2
Questions:
1. According to the author, what might families do in the hour without TV?
(They might sit around together and talk to one another.)
2. Why do people need to sit around together and talk?
(Because many of people’s problems are caused at least in part by not telling each other what is disturbing them.)
3. What common emotional difficulties do you know?
(generation gap, high divorce rate, some forms of mental illness)
1. take a serious, reasonable look at 认真而通情达理地看一下;认真而理智地看一下
2. proposal: suggestion
3. accept a proposal 采纳建议
4. the distraction of TV 电视的干扰(分心)
5. sit around together 围坐在一起
6. actually: adv. really
I don’t like the dinner actually.
他看起来虽然很镇定,但实际上却非常紧张。
He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.
7. talk to one another: communicate with each other
8. Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and actually talk to one another.
→If they had not the distraction of TV, …
→But for the distraction of TV, …
介词without 相当于一个以if 引导的条件从句,常用虚拟语气。
Without his pension, he would have starved.
Without hard work, you will accomplish nothing.
但是without 有时也不用虚拟语气。
I can’t do it without your help.
9. It is well known …
10. in fact
11. the generation gap 代沟
12. high divorce rate 高离婚率
13. mental illness 精神病
mental:adj.
1) of the mind
She is in poor mental state.
人类的精神生活十分丰富。
The mental life of human beings covers a wide range.
2) concerning disorders or illness of the mind
This is a strange mental case.
3) concerning the use of the mind
Mental workers are liable to suffer from headache.
为了进入该校学习,孩子们将进行一次智力测验。
The children will take a mental test for admission to the school.
14. by caused by 由…引起
15. in part: partly; to some degree 部分地,在某种程度上
The driver was in part responsible for the accident.
I’m afraid you are right in part.
Collocation:
for one’s part 就某人个人而言
for the most part 通常,在极大程度上
play a part 扮演一个角色;起作用
take part in 参加;参与
take one’ s part 站在某人一边
16. failure to do: being unable to
17. communicate: exchange ideas, etc
18. It is well known that many of our problems—everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness – are caused at least in part by failure to communicate.
1) Question: What can we infer about the writer’s attitude?
(TV has taken people away too much so that the lack of communication has caused many social problems.)
2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.
众所周知,我们的许多问题 —— 事实上是所有的问题,从代沟、高离婚率到某些精神疾病 —— 至少部分是由于缺乏交流而引起的。
19. disturb: make worried; break the peace or order of; trouble; annoy; bother 烦恼;打扰
The letter disturbed me greatly.
听说母亲病了,他感到深深的不安。
He was disturbed to hear of his mother’s illness.
别打扰他。 他正在写论文。
Don’t disturb him. He’s writing an essay.
I hate disturbing people when they are working.
20. emotional difficulties 情感障碍
21. know sb well
22. get to know each other better
get to: begin by chance; begin to
I got to know him at the party.
吉姆和汤姆后来成了好朋友。
Jim and Tom got to be good friends.
23. like each other better
Para 3
Questions:
1. What could families do if the talk is not necessary?
(They could discover more other activities.
2. What activities does Mayer suggest?
(People could take a ride to see the sunset or take a walk to see the neighborhood.)
1. on evenings
2. rediscover more active pastimes 重新发现更为积极的消遣娱乐活动
pastime: n. anything done to pass time pleasantly
Most people view playing cards as a pastime while some take it as a way to make money.
打高尔夫球是他最喜欢的娱乐活动。
Golf is his favorite pastime.
3. freed from… 从…中摆脱出来
He will be freed from prison in two weeks.
还有两周他就要从监狱里释放出来。
free from: get rid of
He is thinking about how to free himself from this terrible situation.
Collocation:
set free使自由;释放;脱开
be free from (of) 摆脱
free of charge 免费
4. take a ride 开车
5. watch the sunset 观看日落
6. see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes 用新奇的目光观察住处周围的地区
Para 4
Questions:
1. According to Mayer, how long of the TV programs is not as good as a good book?
(A month)
2. What is the problem with the new generation reported by educators?
(They can barely write an English sentence, even at the college level.)
3. Why does Mayer suggest reading to solve the problem of the new generation?
(Because writing is often learned from reading.)
4. What would happen if the family could spend the quiet hour reading books?
(A more literate new generation would appear.)
1. With free time and no TV, …
→If they had free time and no TV,…
2. rediscover reading 重新发现(拾起)阅读
3. entertainment: pastime; amusement
pastime & entertainment
两个词都有“消遣, 娱乐”的意思。entertainment是pastime的同义词,除了有“消遣, 娱乐”的意思外,还指“表演会”、“文娱节目”、“招待,请客”及“乐趣”。
4. typical TV program 典型的电视节目
typical: adj. representative or characteristic
Pattern: It is typical + of (sb.) to do… 做 … 是 … 的特征
It is typical of him to be so hesitant.
5. the generation growing up with television伴随着电视长大的一代人
6. barely: hardly
He has barely enough money to buy the book.
I can hardly believe this.
7. at the college level 处于大学水平
8. learn from
9. a more literate new generation 更加有知识的新一代
literate: adj. able to read and write
A more literate new generation could be a product of the quiet hour. 清静这么一小时,可以造就出文化程度较高的一代新人。
Para 5
Questions:
1. What does Mayer suggest besides silent reading?
(Reading aloud)
2. What does “the story hour” mean?
(A family get together and listen to mother or father read a good story.)
3. What effect might “the story hour” have on the TV networks?
(TV networks would be forced to come up with/put on better shows.)
1. as it was in the past: as it used to be
2. read aloud 朗读
3. bring a family closer together 使一家人关系更加融洽和睦
4. gather around 聚集在一起
5. TV networks 电视网络公司;电视联播公司
6. be forced to do 被迫做
7. come up with : produce; think of (a plan, an answer, a reply, etc.)
He can always come up with an excuse for being late.
It was Bob that came up with a practical solution to the problem.
是鲍博提出了解决这个问题的一个切实可行的办法。
8. show: radio or TV programs
Para 6
Questions:
1. Why will some people think that the idea of an hour without TV is radical?
(Because some parents will not know what to do without this electronic baby-sitter, and some people will now know how to spend their free time.)
2. How did Americans use to spend their free time before TV came to control their life?
(They used to spend free time partly with radio; also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities.)
3. Did the Americans enjoy their life before TV came to control their life?
(Yes. They used to have a ball.)
1. at first glance: at first sight 乍一看;最初考虑时
At first glance, his suggestion sounds unreasonable.
Collocation:
glance at/through/over 扫视,瞥,看一眼
take/give a glance扫视,瞥,看一眼
2. seem radical 似乎过于偏激;似乎颇为偏激
3. electric baby-sitter 电子保姆
4. not…at all: not…in the least; absolutely not
5. come to control: begin to control…gradually
6. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time.
It is just a week since we arrived here.
7. spend partly with radio 部分(时间)与收音机一起度过;部分(空闲时间)与收音机相伴
8. at least 至少
9. involve: make sth necessary
To apply for university study involves taking the College Entrance Examination.
Learning English necessarily involves doing some listening, speaking, reading and writing every day.
学英语当然每天得做一些听、说、读、写的练习。
Collocation:
involve常用过去分词形式,用于be (get) involved in结构中,表示“某人被卷入/ 参与某事”。
Many government officials were involved in this smuggling.
The young couple were deeply involved in debt.
He was involved in reading the book all evening.
整晚他都在聚精会神地看书。
be/ get involved with 与...混在一起,与...联系密切
如:
Don't involve yourself with those people.
别和那些人搅和在一起。
10. involve the listener’s imagination 需要发挥听者的想象力
11. invent: produce
12. It wasn’t that difficult. 日子也并不是那么难过。
13. to be honest: honestly speaking; honestly
14. have a ball: enjoy oneself; have a very good time
Step7 Some Useful Expressions
1. 当今社会问题 current social problems
2. 关掉电视 turn off TV
3. 我想建议… I would like to propose that…
4. 晚间新闻 evening news
5. 严肃而通情达理地来看… Let’s take a serious, reasonable look at…
6. 依法禁止 be prohibited by law
7. 采纳建议 a proposal is accepted
8. 电视的干扰 distraction of TV
9. 围坐一团 sit around together
10. 代沟 generation gap
11. 高离婚率 high divorce rate
12. 精神病 mental illness
13. 无法沟通 fail to communicate
14. 情感障碍 emotional difficulty
15. 看日出/日落 watch sunrise/sunset
16. 带着新奇的眼光去看 see…with fresh, new eyes
17. 伴随电视成长的一代 the generation growing up with television
18. 制作好节目 come up with good shows
19. 需发挥想像 involve imagination
20. 过得开心 have a ball
22. 积极的消遣 active pastime
23. 大学水平 at college level
24. 值得看的电视节目 worthwhile TV programs
25. 偏激的想法 radical idea
26. 有文化的一代 a literate generation
Step 8 Structure(P. 80)
1. Models 1-2 walk → take a walk; end →come to end
1) ride → take a ride
2) visit → pay a visit to
3) rest → have / take a rest
4) talk → have a talk
5) discuss → have a discussion on / about
6) look → take a last look
2. Models 1-2
If they had free time and no TV, they might rediscover reading.
→ With free time and no TV, …
If they had not the distraction of TV, they might sit around …
→ Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around…
1) If we had your support, we might succeed …
→ With your support, we might succeed…
2) Even if there were air and water, plants still couldn’t grow…
→ Even with air and water, plants still couldn’t grow…
3) If you don’t work hard, you will accomplish nothing.
→ Without hard work / Without working hard, you will accomplish nothing.
4) If it had not been for their assistance, he would have found …
→ Without their assistance, he would have found…
→ But for their assistance, he would have found…
Model 3
Television came to control American free time only twenty-five years ago.
→ It has been / is only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time.
5) It has been / is about four and a half years since the Wangs settled down in this country.
6) It has been / is less than three months since she joined the Youth League.
7) It has been / is 20 years since I got to know her in Beijing.
8) It has been / is over a century since the railway was completed.
3. Model: He proposed (that) TV broadcasting be prohibited for sixty to ninety minutes very evening.
1) He proposed that we put on a short play at the English evening.
2) I (would like to) suggest that he visit the Great wall, the Summer Palace, etc.
3) He proposed that the novel be made into a film.
4) My proposal is that the dispute be settled by peaceful means.
Step 10 Translation (P. 84)
1. 接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班,但约翰并不在意。 (involve)
To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John didn’t mind.
2. 众所周知,肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟过多而引起的。
It is well known that lung cancer is caused in part by smoking too much.
3. 我祖父母说,发明电视的那个人曾住在他们那个地段。
My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived in their neighborhood.
4. 我提议咱们会后马上去办公室找史密斯教授,邀请他参加我们的英语晚会。
I propose that we go to find Professor Smith in his office right after the meeting and invite him to out English evening.
5. 他因为那病开过两次刀,身体十分虚弱,几乎站不起来。
Having been operated on twice for the disease, she was so weakened that she could barely stand.
6. 教育家们认为,伴随电视机长大的一代人,在电视机前花的时间太多,以致没有足够的时间学习了。
Educators think that the generation growing up with television spend so much of their time in front of the TV that they do not have enough time to study.
7. 我真希望你能拿出一个比这更好地解决办法(solution)来。
I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this one.
8. 乍一看,这幅画并不好,但经过仔细观察,我们才发现她的确是一幅杰作(masterpiece)。
At first glance, the picture didn’t look good, but after examining it carefully, we found that it was indeed a masterpiece.
IV. Conclusion & Self-evaluation (after class)下载本文