A
a (an) art.一个,某个,任何一个
不定冠词常见用法:1)首次提到,表泛指2)有数量”一”的概念,但不如one强烈ability n.能力;才干;才能
短语:1.a man of ability有能力的人
2.the ability to do sth做某事的能力able adj.有才干的;聪颖的
短语:be able to do sth有能力做某事about prep.对于,关于;大约;在…周围
短语:1. be about to 即将e.g.We were about to go when it suddenly rained.我们正要出发,突然天下雨了。
2.look about四处寻找
3.run about乱跑
4.What/How about…?怎么样
above prep.& adj.在…之上;超过;大于,多于; 上面的
短语:1.above all 最重要的 e.g.Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.最重要的是工作必须在九点之前由我们自己完成。
注意:above的反义词为below
abroad adv.在外国;广泛地;传播
短语:1. from abroad 从国外,从海外e.g. His parents has just come back from abroad.他父母刚从海外回来,我们去看望他们吧。
2. go abroad 出国
accept v.接受;赞同;欢迎;听从
近义词辨析:accept 和receive
accept是”接受、认可”的意思,收到并接受;receive有”收到”之意,但不一定接受。e.g.I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn’t accept any.生日那天我收到许多礼物,但我并没有收下任何礼物。
accident n.事故; 偶然
短语:1.by accident意外地,偶然地
2.a traffic accident 交通事故according to prep.根据…;依照achieve v.实现;达到;完成
across prep.在…对面
近义词辨析:across 和through
across表示”横过,穿过”;着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。
e.g.across the street横过马路
through “穿过,从……中间通过”;着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部)。
e.g. through the forest穿过森林
act n.&v.行为;举动;假装;
短语:1.act as担任(起...作用)
词性转换:actor/actress n.男/女演员action n.行动;有能量;行为e.g.We must take action right now, otherwise we’ll be late.我们现在就得采取行动了,否则就迟到了。
active adj.积极的;
短语:take an active part in积极参加
e.g. I don’t think everyone should take 认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与
到社会活动中去。
activity n.活动;工作;职业
add v.添加;增加;合计;相当于
短语:1. add to加到 2.add up合计
3.add up to总计达
4.add…to…
address n.地址;住址;演说;讲话
advantage n.优点;利益
advertisement (ad) n.公告;启事;广告e.g.
Have you read the want ad in the
newspaper?你看过报上的招聘广告吗?
e.g. Put an advertisement in the
newspaper.
advice n.建义,劝告;信息
短语:1.a piece of advice一条建议
2.ask for advice 寻求建议
3.give advice提建议
4.take/follow one’s advice接受、遵照某
人的建议
advise v.给…出主意;建议;通知
短语:1.advice sb to do sth 建议某人做
afraid adj.惊慌的;恐怕
短语:1.be afraid of 害怕 e.g. Don’t be
afraid of asking for help from others.不
要害怕向别人求助。
2. be afraid for 担心 e.g. I’m afraid
for my sister.我担心我的妹妹。
3. I’m afraid so. /I’m afraid not. /I’m
afraid that….
after adv., prep. & conj.在…之后;晚于
短语: after all 终究,毕竟e.g. It has
turned out to be a nice day after all.天气
终于转晴了。
afternoon n.下午;午后
短语:1. in the afternoon
2. on Monday afternoon
3. on the afternoon of…
again adv.再一次;加之,此外;
短语:1. again and again 一次又一次
地,反复地,再三地 e.g. I called him
again and again, but he didn’t answer the
telephone.我一次又一次给他打电话,可
他就是不接。
2.now and again有时e.g.He came to see
me now and again.他有时过来看我。
against prep.1)对着,反对e.g. If no one
is against this plan, let’s carry it out.如果
没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始。
2)靠着,依着:e.g. The policeman asked
the young man to stand against the wall.
命令那年轻人靠着墙站好。
age n.年龄;时期;变老
短语:1.for one’s age论年龄 e.g.He
looks older for his age because of years
of hard work.由于多年操劳,他看来比
实际年龄大。
2. at the age of 在…岁时
ago adv.以前;以往短语:1.long ago很
久以前,从前: e.g. Long long ago there
loved horses.从前,有位国王,他喜爱马。
time ago,I heard he would come to see
me. 不久前,我听说他要来看我。
3. a while ago. 刚才e.g. He was here a
while ago.他刚才还在这儿。
近义词辨析:ago 和before
ago: 应注意两点:1.用于一般过去时;2.
它所指的时间是从现在算起
before: 也应该注意两点:1.用于过去完
成时;2.她所指的时间不是从现在算起,
而是从过去某一时刻算起e.g. A short
time before, tall trees had covered the
country for many miles around.在那不
久前,高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里。
agree v.意见一致;赞成;适合;
近义词辨析:agree to 和agree with
agree to: 意思是”同意”,后面接表示
计划、安排、意见、条件之类的名词\
动词原形,表示愿意协助工作。e.g. Do
you agree to this agreement? 你同意这
项协议吗?
e.g. He didn’t agree to help us. 他不同
意帮助我们。
agree with: 意思是”与……(意见)一
致”后面一般接人,也可接意见、看法等,
但不含协助之意。e.g.I don’t agree with
what you said.我不同意你说的。
e.g. I don’t agree with your idea.我不同
意你的主意。
短语:1. agree on对…取得一致意见
agreement n.同意;一致;协议
air n.大气;天空;态度
短语:1. by air乘飞机
2. in the (open) air,
airline 航线;航空公司
airplane n.飞机
airport n.机场;航空港
短语:1. at the airport 在机场
album n.影集;集邮册;
all adj.&pron.全部的,所有的;
短语:1.all day整日
2.all kinds of 各种各样的
3.all over遍布
4.all right 行,可以
5.all along一直,始终
6.not at all 别客气
7. in all总共
allow v.准许;允许;给予
短语:1.allow sb to do sth 2.allow doing
almost adv.几乎,差不多;将近
alone adj.独自的;单独的;仅仅;
近义词辨析:lonely/alone
alone 指”独自一人”,强调客观事实,通
常只放在动词、系动词后,作表语
e.g. He was alone in the room. 他独自
一人在屋里。
lonely 指”孤单的”、”孤独的”,表示主
观感觉,在句中作表语或主语。用作定
语修饰地方时,
along adv& prep.沿着;向前;共同,一起
短语:1. all along 始终,一直: e.g. I knew
the truth of the matter all long.那件事情
的我始终清楚。
短语:1.at work 在工作:e.g.At this time of day,my parents are both at work.每天的这个时候,我父母都在上班。
2. out of work 失业:e.g.Lots of people are out of work in the USA today.如今在美国有很多人失业。
worker n.工人;工作者:e.g.a factory worker 工厂工人
world n.1.世界:e.g.This car is used all over the world. 这种小汽车全世界都使用。
2.人;全世界的人:e.g.The whole world knows about it. 全世界都知道这件事。
3. …界;…社会
短语:1.the scientific world 科学界worry v.担心;忧虎:
e.g.Don’t worry if you can’t finish it. 你做不完也不必担心。
短语:1.worry about:担心;烦恼: e.g.Don’t worry about that thing.别为那事发愁。
adj.worried 发愁的: e.g.be worried about one’s job 为某人的工作担心。worth adj. 1.值…钱: e.g.Our house is worth about 60 000 pounds.我们的房子约值60 000英镑。
2.值得(做某事):e.g.The book is worth reading.=It is worth reading the book.这本书值得一读。
would modal v.1(用于虚拟语气):e.g. What would you do if you had o lot of money? 如果你有很多钱,你会做什么?
2.(用于礼貌的请教):e.g.Would you (please) tell me the way ? 可否请教你告诉我怎么走?
3. (will 的过去式):e.g.He said that he would go. 他说他要过去。
短语:1.would like 想要
wound n.伤;创伤:e.g.The wound was healing slowly. 伤口慢慢愈合了。
v.伤;创伤:e.g.The guard was wounded in the leg. 护卫员腿部受了伤。
write (wrote, written) v.写;书写:e.g.He sometimes writes for newspapers. 他偶尔替报社写文章。
e.g.I’ll write you a letter. = I’l l write a letter to you. = I’ll write to you.我会写信给你的。
短语:1. write down 记下;写下
2. write to… 写信给…
writing n.笔迹;书法:e.g.I can never read your writing.我怎么也看不懂你的笔迹。wrong adj.错的;不合适的:e.g.
Something is wrong with my bike.我的
自行车坏了?
e.g.He took the wrong train. 他搭错了
火车。
e.g.What’s wrong with you?你怎么了?
X
X-ray n.X光;X射线
Y
yard n.码
year n.年
短语:1. last year 去年2. this year 今年
3.next year明年
4.the year after next后年
5.the year before last 前年
6.year after year 逐年;一年又一年地;
年年, 每年
7.all the year round 整年,全年e.g. It’s
cold and dry all the year round.
8.for years很长时间表时间段,与完成
时连用e.g. We've been friends for years.
9.over the years 近年来, 这几年来表
时间段,与完成时连用e.g. He’s made
some great movies over the years.
10.in recent years 近年来表时间段,与
完成时连用 e.g.We've made great
progress in recent years.
11.in the last few years 在过去的几年
里表时间段,与完成时连用e.g.My life
has changed a lot in the last few years.
12.a fifteen-year-old boy 一个十五岁的
男孩也可说a fifteen years old boy
13.fifteen-year-olds十五岁的孩子们e.g.
I don’t think fifteen-year-olds should be
allowed to choose their own clothes.
词性转换:yearly adj.每年的e.g.They
did quite well in the yearly exam.
adv.每年
yellow adj.黄的;蛋黄色的
yes adv.是;是的
用法:1.[表示肯定答复或同意]是, 是
的:e.g.---Do you speak English?---Y es, I
do. (No, I don't.)你会说英语吗? 是, 我
会。(不, 我不会。)
2.[如果对方问话采用否定方式, yes
仍表示肯定答复, 但汉译承上启下,
因而相反]不:
注意:不管问题的提法如何,若事实是
肯定的,就用yes回答;事实是否定的,
就用no 回答。 e.g.---Isn't it
raining?---Y es, it is (No, it isn't.) 天没下
雨吗? 不, 天下雨了。(是的, 没有下。)
e.g. ---Haven't you met her? ---Y es, I
have.你没遇见她吗? 不, 我已遇见了。
3Y es?怎么了?什么事?=What's up?
yesterday n.& adv.在昨天;在昨日
短语:1the day before yesterday前天
2 yesterday morning 昨天早晨
yet adv.到这时;还
短语:1. not yet尚未, 还没有
用法:1.yet表达”已经,还”这一意思时,
须与现在完成时态的否定句或疑问句
的句尾,而非简单的过去时:
e.g. He hasn't started yet√ He didn't
start yet?
2. yet 用于比较级前,表示程度。e.g. He
has yet more important things to do.他还
有更重要的事要做。
辨析:already, yet
already 用于肯定句,表示”已经”。
yet 用于否定句作”还”解,用于疑问句
作”已经”解。e.g. I have already finished
the work. 我已经完成作业了。
--Has the school begun yet? 学校已经
开学了么?--No, it has not begun yet.不,
还没开学。
you pron.你;你们
短语:1.between you and me 咱俩私下
说; 不向外人讲
注意:几个人称代词作主语时,其顺序
一般是:单数:you, he and I; 复数:we,
you and they
young adj.年轻的;幼小的
短语:1. Y oung Pioneer 少先队员
词性转换:youth n.年轻人e.g.the youth
of the country 这个国家的青少年
your pron.你的;你们的
yourself pron.你亲自;你本人复数
yourselves pron.你们亲自
用法:1.和某些动词连用构成固定搭配,
有时不一定要把‘自己’翻译出来。e.g.
Help yourself to some fish, please.请随
意吃点鱼。
The children are enjoying themselves in
the party.孩子们在聚会里过得很开心。
2.做同位语,表自己亲自的意思e.g.The
Chinese ourselves are proud of our
nation.我们中国人自己为我们的国家
而骄傲。
Z
zebra n.斑马;
zero n.&num.零;零点
zoo n.动物园
注意: 复数加‘s’而不是‘es’ e.g. There
are four zoos in this province.下载本文
