1. fall v. come or go down from force of weight, loss of balance, etc; drop; become 落下;跌落;变成
示例
The book fell off the shelf. 这本书从架子上掉了下来。
用法
fall用作动词时,主要有两种用法。一种是作为实义动词,可以和介词或副词搭配,表示“落下;跌落”,例如:I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一种是作为系动词,与形容词连用,表示进入某种状态,如:fall asleep 入睡(进入睡眠的状态)。fall的动词过去式是fallen。fall用作名词时,表示“落下;降低”,例如:I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐着听雨点落在屋檐上的声音。fall还可以表示“秋天”,与autumn意思相同。
词汇扩展
常用搭配:fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于(某人或某物)
fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜爱;爱上
fall off 掉下 fall over 跌落;被绊倒
谚语:He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。
2. alone adv. Without any companions 独自地;孤独地
示例
I don't like going out alone after dark. 我不愿意天黑后独自外出。
用法
解析along 和lonely:
(1)alone 既可用作形容词,又可用作副词,意思是“独自的(地);单独的(地)”,侧重于说明独自一人,没有同伴或助手。alone和on one's own,by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容词时,一般与be 动词连用,在句中作表语。例如:She is alone at home. 她独自一人在家。alone 用作副词修饰动词时,放在动词后面作状语。例如:I like to work alone. 我喜欢独自一人工作。alone 用作副词时,也可作定语,意思是“只有;仅仅”,但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。例如:This year alone, we've already planted ten thousand trees. 仅是今年,我们已经载了一万颗树。
(2)lonely只用作形容词,它在句中既可作定语,也可作表语,表示“孤独的;寂寞的”。该词带有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定语时,意思为“孤单的;荒凉的;偏僻的”等。例如:That's a lonely island. 那是一个荒凉的岛屿。Lonely用作表语时,可以表示“孤寂的;寂寞的”。例如:I was alone but I didn't feel lonely. 我独自一人,但我并不感到孤独。
词汇拓展
常用搭配:let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物;听其自然
let alone 不管;不必考虑
谚语:An evil chance seldom comes alone. 祸不单行
3. dress v. put clothes on yourself or someone else 穿衣
示例
Is she old enough to dress herself yet? 她会自己穿衣服了吗?
用法
dress还可以用作名词,表示“女服;连衣裙;服装”。例如:Mary wore a long red dress last evening. 玛丽昨晚穿了件红色的连衣长裙。
辨析dress,put on 和wear:
(1)用作动词时,dress既可以表动作,也可以表状态,常用人作宾语,意思是“……穿衣服”,例如:She is only a girl of three. She can't dress herself. 她只是一个三岁的女孩,她还不能自己穿衣服。需要注意的是,在表示“给自己穿衣”时,我们通常说dress oneself (= get dressed);当dress表示状态时,一般要用be dressed in 结构,例如:She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿着一件红色的上衣。
(2)put on 意思是“穿(戴)上”,强调动作。例如:He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。
(3)wear意思是“穿(戴)着”,强调状态。例如:Lucy's mother often wears a pair of glasses. 露西的母亲常常戴着一副眼镜。
词汇扩展
常用搭配:dress (somebody) up (in something / as somebody or something) 化妆打扮
谚语:Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用,穿是使别人受用。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(2)
1. unpleasant adj. not pleasant; not enjoyable 使人不愉快的;不合意的
示例
There is an unpleasant smell from this room. 这屋子里散发出一种难闻的气味。
用法
unpleasant可以表示“令人不快的;讨厌的”,例如:I found his manner very unpleasant. 我觉得他的态度讨厌极了。
词汇拓展
相关词:unpleasantly adv. 厌恶地
反义词:pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
记忆导航
unpleasant 是由pleasant 加上否定前缀un-构成的。类似这种构词法的词还有:able有能力的——unable没有能力的;happy高兴的——unhappy不高兴的。
2. hundred n. the number 100; a very large number of things or people (一)百;许多(事物或人)
示例
The tree was probably a hundred years old. 这棵树可能已经有一百年了。
Hundreds of people attended the famous director's farewell concert. 好几百人出席了这位著名指挥家的告别音乐会。
用法
hundred 用于数词或含有数量意义的词之后,一般不用复数形式,例如:three hundred, a few hundred 等。但当hundred 表示“成百的;许多的”意思时,它面前不用具体数字,而常用hundreds of 结构。注意hundred 在这个结构中要用复数形式,前面可加some,a few,several等词修饰。例如:Her coat cost hundreds of dollars. 她的大衣价值几百美元。类似的搭配还有thousands of数以千计的;许多的,millions of 数以百万计的;无数的。
词汇拓展
谚语:One good head is better than a hundred strong hands. 上百双有力的手,不如一个聪明的头脑。
To hear a hundred times is not so good as to see once. 百闻不如一见。
3. such adj. of the same kind as the thing or person which has already been mentioned 这(那)样的;这(那)种
示例
He noticed her necklace. Such jewels must have cost a lot, he thought. 他注意到了她的项链。他想,这样的首饰肯定价格不菲。
用法
辨析such 和so:
(1)such 是形容词,意思是“这(那)样的;这(那)种;如此的”,修饰名词。例如:I have never seen such a beautiful place before. 我从未见过这么美的地方。需要特别注意的是,such修饰单数可数名词时,应该按照如下词序:such + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词。
(2)so是副词,意思是“这(那)么;这(那)样;如此地”,修饰形容词、副词和分词。例如:I have never seen so beautiful a place before. 我从未见过这么美的地方。同样,需要特别注意的是,so修饰单数可数名词时,应该按照如下词序:so + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词。此外,当名词前有few,many,little,much等修饰词时,要用so。例如:so many people,so few days,so much time,so little money等。
词汇拓展
常用搭配:such as 例如 such and such 某某;这样那样的
谚语:There's no such thing as a free lunch. 世上没有免费的午餐。
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(3)
1. in prep. 在……之后(用于将来时)
in 100 years 在一百年后
People will have robots in their homes in 100 years.
一百年以后,人们家中会有机器人。
比较:after 在……之后(用于过去时,表示从过去某时间起一段时间之后)
He will come back in two hours. 他两小时后会回来。
He came back after two hours. 他是两小时后回来的。
2. less, fewer 比较少;more 比较多
less 是little 的比较级,修饰不可数名词
fewer是few的比较级,修饰可数名词
more 是much和many的比较级
much 修饰不可数名词,many修饰可数名词
I have less money than he has. 我的钱比他的少。
There are more building in this city than in that city.
这个城市的楼房比那个城市多。
3. fall in love with ... 爱上……
Last year I visited the art exhibition and fell in love with the work of Picasso.
去年我参观了艺术展,爱上了毕加索的作品。
4. a kind of ... 一种;some kinds of ... 几种
a kind of book 一种书
five kinds of flowers 五种花
many different kinds of goldfish 各种不同的金鱼
(fish 单复数相同,此处是复数)
5. as well as 也;与too 同义
He likes this book and he likes that book, too. / He likes this book as well as that book. 他喜欢这本书,也喜欢那本书。
She can come here, too. / She can come here as well. 她也能来。
6. worth adj. 值……;值得……;相当于……价值
This house is worth $10 000. 这个房子价值一万美元。
be (well) worth doing sth. (很)值得做
That film is (well) worth seeing. 那部电影(很)值得看。
These books are worth reading twice. 这几本书值得看两遍。
7. knock down ... 击倒,撞倒;拆除
knock down the pins 击倒球柱
knock down the machine 拆除机器
knock 组成的词语还有:
knock on (at) the door 敲门
knock into sb. 撞了某人
knock up 叫醒
Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇(4)
1. prediction n. 预言,预测
predict v. predict + that 后接从句,如
The weather forecast predicts sunshine for tomorrow.
天气预告说明天阳光明媚。
I predict that he will win.
我预测他会赢。
2. paper money
paper n. 纸,纸张,是不可数名词,如a piece of paper。
paper money 中paper是名词做定语,表材质,只用单数。
newspaper n. 报纸,可数名词
3. space n. 表示“宇宙,空间时”,不可数名词;通常前面不用冠词。
There are many stars in outer space.
在太空中有很多恒星。
Travel through space to other planets interests many people.
现在很多人对穿越太空去其他星球旅行感兴趣。
4. besides prep. 除了……还;相当于as well as, in addition to。如:
Besides basketball, he also plays soccer well.
除了打篮球以外,他踢足球也踢得很好。
All of us passed besides John.
除了约翰外,我们也都及格了。
I also went there besides Mary.
除了玛丽我也去了.下载本文