一、短语归纳
1.too much太多(修饰不可数名词)
2.hang out 闲逛
3.too many 太多(修饰可数名词复数)
4.get into a fight 争吵
5.call sb. up 给某人打电话
6.talk about 谈论
7.look through 浏览
8.give back 归还
9.be angry with sb. 生某人的气
10.a big deal 重要的事情
11.work out 解决;算出
12.get on with sb. 与某人和睦相处
13.communicate with sb. 与某人交流
14.be worried about 担心.....
15.be afraid of 害怕.....
16.in front of在...前面
17.not... any more 不再...
18.so much/many 那么多
19.compete with sb. 与某人竞争
20.cut out删除;删去
21.all kinds of 各种各样
22.compare....with.....比较;对比
23.in one’s opinion 依...看
24.turn down 调
二、用法归纳
1.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
2.why don’t you do sth.?为什么不做某事呢?
3.why not do sth.?为什么不做某事呢?
4.find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事
5.tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
6.refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
7.let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
8.offer to do sth. 主动提供做某事
9.not....until....直到....才...
10.It’s time to do sth. 该做某事了
11.It’s +adj+to do sth. 做某事是.....的
12.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事
13.What do you think of...?你认为....怎么样?
三、词句精讲
1、Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢?
【解析】Why don't you do sth. ?= Why not do sth.? 为什么不......呢?
【拓展】用于提建议的句型有:
(1)What about doing sth. ?=How about doing sth.? ….怎么样?
(2)Why don’t you do sth.?= Why not do sth.? 为什么不呢?
(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。
(4)Shall we/I do sth.?我们做…好吗?
(5)had better do/not do sth. 最好做/不做某事
(6) Will/Would you please do sth. 请你做…好吗?
(7) Would you like to do sth.? 你想去做某事吗?
(8)Would you mind doing sth.?你介意做某事吗?
2、I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep. 我要学的太多,因此我睡眠不足。
【解析1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people
(2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework
(3)much too +形容词 太… much too cold
【解析2】so conj. 因此 (表示因果关系,后面跟表示结果的句子,不与because同 时使用)
3、My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们 出去闲逛。
【解析】allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事
【拓展】allow v 允许
allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.
allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.
be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
4、You look sad, Kim. 金,你看起来很伤心。
【解析】look 看起来 (系动词,后跟形容词作宾语)
【拓展】:系动词:后跟adj. 作表语
一是:(be) am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静
二保持:stay/keep (表示持续状态) stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康
三变化:become/get/turn (表示状态变化)
五起来:sound/look/smell/taste/feel (表示感觉)
5、Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 哦,昨天我发现我妹妹翻 了我的东西。
【解析1】find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事
【解析2】look through 浏览
【拓展】与look相关的短语:
look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over
look through look out look up look around look forward to
6、Yes, but I’m still angry with her. 是的,但是我仍然很生她的气。
【解析】be angry with sb. 生某人的气
【拓展】angry adj. 生气的→ angrily adv. 生气地
(1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with后接人】
(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】
(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气
7、 Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。
【解析】hope v. 希望
hope to do sth. hope + that 从句 (表示希望)
wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.
wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.
wish +that 从句 表示愿望,从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you.
8、When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候, 就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。
【解析1】argue 争吵→argument n. 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论
argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事
【解析2】 hang over 挂在......之上;悬浮在......之上
hang out 闲逛;常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.
9、Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.
【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill.
| elder | 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系,常用作定语 | 
| older | 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系,可以用作表语,是old的比较级形式。 | 
10、.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢 的电视节目。
【解析】 refuse to do sth.拒绝去做某事
11、Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.
相反,他却想看什么酒看什么, 一直到深夜。
【解析】 instead 代替,反而,替
(1) instead 副词,代替,常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做,而做了后面的事 情。
(2) instead of +n/doing 代替,而不是,放在句中
instead of 为介词短语,后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。
She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him. She wrote to him instead.
她没有给他打电话,而是给他写了封信。
12、.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母有问题, 你应该主动提供帮助。
【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
【拓展】offer v 主动给予
(1) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
(2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物
13、I’m worried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。
【解析】 be worried about sth. 担心某事
【拓展】worry v. 担心 → worried adj. 焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为…… 担心
14、My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。
【解析】return ⑴v 归还=give back return ... to ... = give back to ... 把......还给......
⑵ v 回来;返回 = come back
15、I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。
【解析】compete v竞争;对抗 → competition n 竞争
compete with sb. 和某人竞争compete against/ with 与……竞争
compete for 为……参加比赛
16、These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes .目前,中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要 忙,因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。
【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】:分开是一段, 合起是某时; 分开s 是倍次,合起s是有时
(1) some time一段时间,做时间状语 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人 多长时间
(2) sometime adv 在某个时候,
(3) some times 名词词组,“几次,几倍” Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer.
(4)sometimes=at times 有时 (一般现在时的标志词)
17、Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其他人正在练习体育运 动, 这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。
【解析】 others pron. “其他的人或事物”There are other ways of doing it. 做这事还有 其他的办法。
18、.. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.
或许我可以减少他们的一些活动, 但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。
【解析】cut out 删除;删去 (v.+adv.) You’d better cut out that sentence.
cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断(水、电)供应
19、I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。
【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功,达到 →success n 成功
→successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地
succeed in doing sth
20、It’s time for homework.该写作业了。
【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。It’s time for lunch.
It’s time to do sth. It’s time to go to school.
21、In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.
在有些家庭,竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了,一直持续到他们长大。
【解析】continue 继续;持续
【拓展】continue doing sth. =go on doing sth. 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)
continue to do sth. = go on to do sth. 继续做某事(前后不是同一件事)
22、Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种 各 样的辅导班。
【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 发送
【短语】: send away 赶走 send for 派人去请
send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物
【解析2】all kinds of 各种各样的
【拓展】kind (1) n 种类
kind of +adj.有点,有几分,kind of cold 有点冷
a kind of 一种的,某种的 all kinds of 各种各样的
different kinds of 不同种类的 What kind of…?哪种
(2) adj. 友好的 be kind to sb. = be good to sb.=be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
【辨析】kind of 与kinds of:
kind of 单独用,表示“有点”,后接形容词或副词:
He is kind of thin.”他有点瘦” I feel kind of hungry.”我有点饿”
Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly. 王叔叔说得有点快。
23、 Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.医生说太多的压 力不利于孩子们的发展。
【解析】be good for 对......有好处
【拓展】good ( better ; best) adj. 好的 → goodness n 好处;善行 ;美德
be good for 对….有益处(反) be bad for对…有害处
be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅长于做某事
be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好
24、Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.
爱丽丝. 格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很多压力。
【解析】 cause v. 造成,使发生
【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析
⑴cause n.原因,指引起某种结果的“原因”,后接介词of.
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他开车 开的太快。
⑵reason n.理由,原因,指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。
The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn’t want to miss an important meeting. 他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。
25、Perhaps children/ parents should / could ......或许孩子们/父母应该/ 可能.......
【解析】perhaps 也许;可能
【拓展】perhaps,probably,possibly,maybe辨析
⑴perhaps意为“也许,可能”,一般指比较小的可能性。
Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也许我后天去看他,不 过我不能确定。
⑵probably“很可能,大概”,其可能性最大,表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。
He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能会拒绝这份提议。
⑶possibly意为“可能,或许,也许”,可能性较大。
I’ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要见你,不过也可能是明天。
⑷maybe“或许,大概”,主要用于非正式场合,常用在口语中,语气比perhaps轻。
Maybe you put the letter in your basket. 或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。
26、keep on happening 持续发生
【解析】keep on doing 继续做某事 keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事
keep up with 跟上
keep sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep away from避开
四、重点语法
1. 情态动词should与could的用法
should的用法
should为情态动词,表示劝告、建议,意为“应该”,它和其他情态动词一样,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,其否定形式为shouldn’t。
Maybe she should say sorry to you.也许她应该跟你说声对不起。
could的用法
情态动词could既是can的过去式,表示过去的能力,又可以表示谨慎、客气的建议,后接动词原形,其否定形式为couldn’t。
2.状语从句
状语从句就是在句子中作状语的从句。状语从句有好几种,如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。本单元重点讲述以下三种类型的状语从句。
1).until引导的时间状语从句
until意为“直到;在........之前”。注意until和not.....until在用法上的区别。
Until:在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里
如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops.
We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops. Continue in this direction until you see a sign.
一直朝着这个方向走直到你看见一个指示牌。
I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。
2).so that引导的目的状语从句
so that是连词,意为“为的是,以便”,引导目的状语从句。
注意so that, in order that和in order to在用法上的区别。
Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.让我记下你的号码,为的是以后好打电话给你。
3). although引导的状语从句
although的用法意思相当于though(尽管,虽然),用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and, so等连用,但可以和yet, still等词连用。
① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.尽管这本书很旧,我们还是决定买。
② Although he was tired, he went on working.
Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.尽管他参加这次竞赛只不过是闹着玩而已,却赢得了头等奖。下载本文