Unit 11 Entertainment and Sports
Dialogues /monologues:
1、 I am reading the garden column written by Steve Mann.
2、 Gil was named the 2005 winner of the Polar Music Prize for his contributions to music.
3、 The Olympic silver medalists will have to beat the double Olympic champions.
4、 Today, I heard people talking about the director general for Swimming Canada.
5、 Cinecenta always offers an excellent choice of movies—from alternative, foreign, independent, documentary films to Hollywood blockbusters.
6、 Everyone is welcome to attend student recitals, held every Friday at 12:30 pm in the Phillip T. young recital hall located in the music wing of the Maclaurin building.
7、To start up a club, all you need is at least ten members, two thirds of whom are UVic undergrads, and five of whom are executive members and a club constitution.
Passage:
There are many art galleries and ongoing displays on the campus of the University of Victoria (UVic). The Student Union Building lounge displays various works including local student art. The Maltwood Art Museum Gallery, located in the main lobby of the University Center, features local, national, and international works. The McPherson Library Gallery located on the main floor of the library, features art produced by UVic students. To see ongoing art displays, you can visit the Fine Arts Building.
CFUV broadcasts at 101.9 FM. This unique campus radio station offers a diversity of programming, which includes alternative rock, folk, classical and jazz music as well as news, public affairs and multicultural programming. CFUV also features Victoria’s only regular rap, rhythm and blues, electronic experimental, and women’s programming. The station is operated by students and community volunteers.
Cinecenta is the students’ society’s 300-seat movie theater Celebrating its 30th anniversary, Cinecenta always offers an excellent choice of movies—from alternative, foreign, independent, documentary films to Hollywood blockbusters. Take the time on a Sunday afternoon and catch a 2:30 matinee for only $3.75 or catch a midnight classic! Movies are only $4.75 for students with a valid student ID—or buy a 10-film pass and pay only $3.75 each. You can pick up a free time table around campus.
Providing funding for clubs is one of the many important services of the many clubs that are already established. To start up a club, all you need is at least ten members, two thirds of whom are UVic undergrads, and five of whom are executive members and a club constitution.
The music department on campus holds over 100 concerts a year. Everyone is welcome to attend student recitals, held every Friday at 12:30 pm in the Phillip T. young recital hall located in the music wing of the Maclaurin building. Student discounts are available at some performances of the Pacific Opera Victoria. The Victoria symphony offers reduced price tickets to students if tickets are purchased the day of the concert. The symphony also performance frequently at the University Center.
Copies of the following publications can be picked up from campus publication boxes that are located in virtually every building on campus. The Martlet, the official student paper of UVic, is funded
Partially through student and fees and is produced by an autonomous collective of students and staff. It is available across campus and throughout Victoria every Thursday. Published monthly by CFUV, Offbeat is your guide to CFUV’s program schedule. The Ring, published every two weeks, is UVic’s community newspaper for faculty, staff, students and off-campus readers. An autonomous publication funded by UVic and produced by the women’s center, the Womyn’s publication network is the oldest women’s studert newspaper in Canada. The paper has a feminist focus.
参考译文:
在维多利亚大学的校园有许多画廊和正在进行的画展.学生会建造了一个展厅来陈列本地学生各种各样的美术作品. Maltwood美术博物馆位于教学楼的主休息厅.他们的作品在当地、国内，乃至国际上都享有盛名。麦克弗森图书展览馆位于图书馆的主楼层上，学生们创作的艺术作品也颇俱特色。到那去看正在进行的美术画展，您随便可以参观一下美术大楼。
CFUV 广播电台在调频101.9播段。这个独特的校园广播站提供多种不同的节目安排，不仅包括可供选择的摇滚、民族音乐和古典、爵士乐。而且还有新闻、宣传联络工作和多元文化的节目。CFUV 同时还拥有维多利亚独特的有规律的说唱音乐、节奏蓝调、电子实验和女子节目。广播站是由学生们和其中的团体志愿者运作的。
Cinecenta是学生社区能容纳三百个座位的电影院，在庆贺它所30周年纪念日，Cinecenta总是有非常精彩的电影供人选择—从……到好莱坞巨片。利用星期天的时间，只需要花3.75$,就可以赶一场下午2:30的音乐会或午夜的精典!学生们持有效证件看电影只需花费4.75$—如果一次性买十张电影票，每张只需花3.75$。你可以在校园周围随时观看时间表。
提供俱乐部会员卡，是许多已经建成的俱乐部的重要服务之一，起动一个俱乐部，你所需要的是至少有十个会员，其中三分之二是维多利亚大学的在校生，并且其中有五个是俱乐部经常光顾的可人员。
校园的音乐系每年举行100次以上的音乐会。每位学员都是非常受欢迎加入学生独唱会的，音乐会在每个星期五的下午12:30在Phillip T.年青团独唱会大厅举行。学生们在一些表演节目上可以获得折扣。如果他们同样买了当天音乐会的票的话,维多利亚的交响乐也提供折扣价格，同时，交响乐经常在学校举行表演。
下面出版物的副本，几乎可以在位于校园每个建筑物下的刊物岗亭处获得。Martlet——维多利亚大学的校园报，是以学生们的部分学费作为基金,由这里的职员与学生自主管理。这些报纸在每个星期二都会通过校园遍及到维多利亚的每个角落。CFUV每月出版一次。你要清楚CFUV的节目安排表是不规则的,《铃声》每两个星期出版一次，它是维多利亚大学为全体教职员工、学生们以及非在校读者而自主投资的社区报纸，由女子中心负责出版。在加拿大，Womyn的出版物网络是最早的女子学生报，那份报纸的焦点就是维护女权,主张男女平等。
Unit 12 Shops and Commodities
Dialogues /monologues:
1、 It severs as a bridge for southern goods to enter northern markets and vise versa.
2、 Yup! Or Best Buy.
3、 Every once in a while.
4、 Most mothers dream about the flowery pink frocks, smart and cute pants for their babies long before they make their debut on earth.
5、 But of course, this fancy of most parents does not come without a cost attached to it.
6、 The stores will purchase a large amount of each type and size of bead at a lower price from wholesale and then pass on part of the savings to the customer.
Passage:
To purchase beads there are many alternatives in the way to shop for them. Beads are available as a single or as part of a jewelry item. Popular jewelry items include necklaces, bracelets and caps.
Firstly, bead shops are available in shopping malls. This is possibly the cheapest means of purchasing a single bead. The stores will purchase a large amount of each type and size of bead at a lower price from wholesale and then pass on part of the savings to the customer. This form of bead shopping will enable the purchase to buy as many single beads as are required in order to make a personal item of jewelry or other beaded item. Shopping malls very often sell every type of bead imaginable, the types of beads include seed beads, crystal beads, glass beads, lamp work beads and silver beads, etc. shopping malls also sell beaded jewelry items at reasonable prices. These items may be fashionable, off purchases or of unusual requirements.
Secondly, specific outlets are also an option when one purchases beads. Swarovski is the most popular outlet of crystal beads. Therefore many customers may prefer to deal directly with that specific supplier. This will ensure that the crystal beads are genuine and possibly offering the most choice. Specific outlets may be more expensive because of the brand names that are usually attached. This is also the case when considering the purchase of jevelry items from specific outlets.
Thirdly, catalogues are a hassle free means of purchasing beads and beaded items. The customer will usually call the shop for the required catalogue and within one or two weeks the catalogue will be delivered. The customer can then send off the desired purchase by post or over the phone. Payments can usually be made by credit card either at the time of at a later date. It is important to consider postage and packaging costs when catalogue purchasing.
Finally, the Internet is quick and efficient source of purchasing beads. This is especially useful if rare or collectable beads are purchase these types of beads. Shops are also available online and this can be an easy purchasing method. Again, many Internet companies will also require an additional charge for postage and packaging.
参考译文:
买珠子的方式有很多种。可以单个买珠子，也可以作为珠宝首饰中的一部分。大众流行的珠宝首饰包括项链、手镯和镶嵌珠宝的帽子。
首先，大型购物商场就有珠宝店。要买到最便宜的单个珠宝要数这里了。这里的珠宝店从批发商那里以较低的价格大量购进各种款型和规格的珠子，然后让利于消费者。这种形式的珠子购买方式可以使购买者想买多少珠子，以便于定制个人珠宝首饰或其他镶嵌珠宝的物件。购物中心总是出售你可以想像得到的各种各样的珠子，包括植物种子做成的珠子、水晶珠子、玻璃珠子、能照明的珠子、银珠子等等。大型购物中心还以比较合理的价位销售镶珠的首饰。这些首饰有可能是时尚的，不供出售的或者是按特殊要求定制的。
顾客都愿意直接与那些专营供应商交易。这样可以确保买到的水晶珠子是真货，而且有可能有更多的选择。专营店的珠宝价格可能会比较昂贵，这是因为珠子上面通常贴有商标。当你考虑购买专营店的珠宝首饰时更是如此。
第三，按商品目录购买珠子和珠宝首饰会省去很多麻烦。顾客通常打电话向商家索要产品目录，商家会在一两周内发送目录。然后顾客通过邮寄或电话的方式订购想要的产品。通常可以用信用卡当时付款或晚些付款。重要的是，按目录购买货物时要考虑邮资和包装成本问题。
最后，网络是一种快捷、高效的购买珠宝的方式。尤其是需要购买稀有珠宝或是要收藏珠宝时非常有用。现在还设有专门的地方以方便珠宝收藏者交换和购买各种类型的珠子以及网上商店这种便捷的购物方式。重申一下，许多网络公司会因邮资和包装收一些额外费用。
Unit 13 Shopping
Dialogues /monologues:
1、 Are you being attended to, Miss?
本句的意思是：小姐，有人在为您服务吗?在商场、饭店中，to attend to sb.的意思是，招呼、照顾、协助某位顾客。
这句话用主动语气可以说成：
Is anybody attending to you, Miss?
2、 You may divide cyber retailers into three subsets and attack each with a different strategy.
本句的意思是：您可以将网上零售商分成三个子类，用不同的战略对付他们。
注意：divide into：分成
Passage:
Buying computer and software
At first, I was reluctant to buy computer products completely online. Many of the online computer stores used to sell exclusively through printed catalogs, addressing the technically astute. I found those printed catalogs intimidating and confusing. And preferred to go to a physical store, where knowledgeable sales people could guide me through the maze of choices, explaining the benefits and risks and costs.
When egghead, the prominent software retailer, closed its physical stores and decided to operate solely online, I was shocked and disappointed, as I had shopped hardware or software regularly at the local egghead store and depended on expertise, judgment and advice from their sales people. Also, I greatly valued the fact that when I brought new add-ons or upgrades for my PC, I could pay to have them installed on the spot. But now I was forced to learn more about computers than I ever expected to learn. As it turns out, that’s probably a good thing for me and for my budget.
Today, the computer industry is a commodity, standards-driven marketplace. Computer “manufactures” are really just assembles. They buy processors from one, software, disks, memories, from other sources, and assemble them into systems. The competition is fierce and the profit margins are slim. In terms of the basic specs—speed, memory, and storage—what we now define as a “complete system” for home use would have made a wealthy technical guru tremble with jealousy ten years ago.
Fifteen years ago, is seemed inconceivable that an ordinary individual would ever need a 100 MHZ machine with 1 gigabyte of disk storage space. Yet, with the predictable improvement of technology, the speed of commercially available processors doubles about every 18 months according to a rule of thumb (known as “Moore’s law”). While at some point, technology must meet barriers that will slow the pace of change, the computer industry has been adapting at this incredibly rapid rate for more than two decades now, with great regularity. And the software industry has been keeping in lock step with these hardware developments by making each new version of the common applications that people depend upon more and more complex and bulky, requesting the full capacity of the latest and greatest hardware. I believe this software inflation results from the consequences of human nature—software expands to fill the capacity available for it.
Basically, “Moore’s law” plus software inflation mean today’s computer system will not last. And the new versions of software will make your equipment seem painfully slow in two years, and obsolete in four. To stay compatible with other people with whom you have to share files, you should invest time learning about these add-ons gadgets, etc. to upgrade your system. Thus you can make full use of the shopping resources on the Internet, and save again and again.
参考译文:
购买电脑和软件
刚开始的时候，我不太情愿完全依靠网络购买电脑产品。许多网上电脑商店过去主要靠打印出来的产口目录进行销售，上面清楚地写明了技术需求。但是我总认为那样的产品目录看起来让人感觉有些发怵而且稀里糊涂的，所以我还是偏爱实体商店，因为那里有精通业务的销售人员，他们能指引我走出迷宫做出选择，他们还能向我解释产品的优点、风险性和成本。
当著名的软件销售商Egghead关闭实体店铺，决定只走网络运营路线的时候我感觉震惊和失望。因为我总是定期到Egghead在当地的实体店铺去购买软件和硬件，仰仗那里的销售人员的专业技能、判断力和经验。还有一点让我非常看重的是：每当我购买新的附加软件或是将我的个人电脑升级时，我只需付些费用就可以让他们在现场给我安装完毕。但是现在我却被迫去了解更多的电脑知识，而我以前是不需要了解这么多的。但是后来发现，这或许对我来说是件好事，而且节省了我的预算。
今天，计算机产业是一种商品，是一个以标准为市场导向的市场。计算机“制造者”们实际上只不过是组装者。他们从某个渠道购买处理器，从其它渠道购买软件、光盘和内存，然后将它们组装成系统。竞争是激烈的，利润空间也不大。从最基本的配置——速度、内存和硬盘空间——来讲，我们现在所定义的家用“全套系统”足以让十年前富有的技术权威羡慕地发颤不可。
15年以前，似乎难以想象一个普通人会需要100兆的机器和十亿字节的磁盘存储空间。然而，随着可以预见的技术进步，仅凭经验(被称为“摩尔定律”)就可以推知：商用存储器的速度每隔18个月就会成倍增长。然而，技术必定会在某个时候遇上某种障碍，使其减缓变化的步伐。计算机产业在最近二十年来，一直处于令人难以置信的发展速度，到现在已经稳步发展了。软件产业一直与硬件发展保持着齐肩并进的态势，人们最常用的应用软件的更新版本愈发复杂与宠大，只有用最新及功能最强大的硬件才能操作使用。我认为软件企业的这种膨胀源于人类的天性——软件需要扩展以充分利用已有的空间。
从根本上来讲，“摩尔”定律加上软件膨胀就意味着当今的计算机系统不会维持长久。更新的软件版本会在两年内使你的装备显得速度极慢，四年以后就该彻底淘汰了。为了与和你共享文件的其他人步调保持一致，你需要花些时间了解这些附加软件、小工具等，以便将你的计算机系统升级。因此，你可以充分利用网上购物资源，一遍又一遍地反复保存更新软件和工具。
Unit 14 Holidays and festivals
2007-01-29 08:46
Dialogues /monologues:
1、 Chang-O was banished to the moon where, according to the legend, Chang-O can be seen at her most beautiful on the night of the bright harvest moon.
翻译：嫦娥被驱逐到月宫,根据传说,每当中秋之夜明月当空的时候,可以看到她最美的容颜。---where在这里的用法称为 关系副词，引导非性定语从句，对前面的 先行词the moon起补充说明的作用.where=on which.在月亮上
2、 Especially exciting are the dragon and lion dances done during the festival.
3、 And to cap it all the food in the restaurant is awful. It was so bad we had to eat out all the time despite having paid for meals in the price of our holiday.
4、 Ancient people offered the year’s first ripe grains to the gods in thanks for the crops that would sustain their communities for the coming year.
5、 The ancient harvest festival of Europe helped give rise to contemporary Thanksgiving Day celebrations.
Passage:
Holiday refers to the day set apart for religious observance or for the commemoration of some extraordinary event total stoppage of work and normal business activities, including feasting, parades and carnivals, or displays of flags and speechmaking.
Originally, in ancient times, holidays were predominantly religious in character and linked to natural events such as the annual course of the sun or the phases of the moon. The word “holiday”, in fact, is derived from “holy day”. Subsequently, secular holidays commemorating historical occasions or distinguished persons outnumbered holy days, although many ancient religious rituals and customs have been carried over into modern times and incorporated into both secular and religious observations. Today, the outstanding holiday is one of religious observance and abstention from normal work routines, taking place on Sunday for Christians, Friday for Muslims, and Saturday for Jews. In the U.S., Sunday is not only a religious holiday but is also the only common-law holiday.
National holidays are set aside by official government proclamation to celebrate such occasions as the achievement of independence, the founding of the nation, the adoption of a constitution, the birthday of the ruler, or the national patron saint’s day.
The U.S. has no national holidays as such legal holidays—on which banks, schools, or other public institutions and most places of business are closed—are designated by legislative enactment or by executive proclamation. Congress and the president designate the legal holidays for the District of Columbia and the federal territories but are without power to declare national holidays. Independence Day and other holidays are observed on a national scale as a result of action by the calendar date and requests national observance, and the states then usually enact the necessary legislation. Federal statutes often specify certain days as holidays for purposes related to the legislation.
In order to give federal employees three-day weekends, a 1968 federal law made several changes in dates of holiday observances, effective in 1971: Washington’s Birthday now falls on the third Monday in February; Memorial Day, on the last Monday in May; Columbus Day, on the second Monday in October. Individual states later adopted these Monday holidays.
A number of states commemorate important events in their history. In Vermont, for example, the Battle of Bennington, fought in the American Revolution, is commemorated annually on August 16; in Louisiana the Battle of New Orleans of the War of 1812 is commemorated on January 8; Patriot’s Day, commemorating the first battle of the American Revolution, is celebrated on or about April 19 in Massachusetts and Maine; and several southern states celebrate a confederate Memorial Day on different days in the spring.
参考译文:
假日是由于宗教仪式，或为纪念某些特殊事件或著名人物而特地指定的日子。假日的主要特点是部分或完全停止工作和常规商务活动。一般来说，假日往往伴有公众或私人庆祝会，包括参加宴会、、狂欢会，或者参观旗帜展览和做演讲等。
在古代，最初的假日主要以宗教为特色，与自然现象如每年的太阳运行过程或月相等相关。实际上，“假日”一词是由“圣日”这个词演变而来的。而在之后的岁月里，世俗假日如纪念历史事件或著名人物的次数远远超过了圣日，尽管许多古老的宗教仪式和习俗一直流传到现在，并且融于世俗和宗教仪式这两者之中。今天，具有突出特点的假日是宗教庆典和远离日常工作的日子：对于徒来说是星期日，穆斯林是星期五，犹太人则是星期六。在美国，星期日不仅是宗教节日而且还是惟一的习惯法定假日。
法定假日是由官方宣布的假日，用于庆祝特殊历史事件，如获得，国家建立，实施，统治者诞辰，或圣徒纪念日。
美国没有全国性的法定假日。法定假日，即银行、学校或其他公共机构和大多数商业场所都关门歇业的日子，是由立法机关制定或执行宣布的。国会和总统有权指定哥伦比亚特区和联邦领土内的法定假日，但却没有宣布全国性法定假日的权力。由于州的参与，日和其他节日得以在全国范围内进行。就拿感恩节来说吧，总统指定日历上的日期，建议全国举国欢庆。然后，州通常就开始立法并以颁布。联邦法令往往明确规定假日的具体日期以便与立法相对应。
为了给联邦雇员提供为期三天的周末，1968年的一项联邦法案对假日做了几项修改，并于1971年生效。这项法案规定：华盛顿的诞辰日为2月的第3个星期一;阵亡将士纪念日是5月的最后一个星期一;哥伦布发现美洲纪念日为10月的第2个星期一;退伍军人节是10月的第4个星期一。各个州后来都采纳了这些星期一假日。
许多州都纪念本州发生的重要历史事件。假如，在佛蒙特每年都会在8月16日纪念为美国战争而战的本宁顿战役。路易斯安那州在1月8日纪念1821年战争中的新奥尔良战役。为纪念美国战争的首次战役的爱国者日，于每年的4月19日左右在马萨诸塞州和缅因州举行庆祝活动。每年春天的不同时候，南方各州会有联邦阵亡将士纪念日。
Unit 15 Holiday Activities
Dialogues /monologues:
1、 It is a far different world today than it was last Memorial Day, and what a year ago would have been perceived perhaps as an inconvenience is now being embraced as extra security checks.
2、 Where is the blessing in giving away something I would like to keep for myself?
3、 We have each helped in a different aspect as schedules and talents allowed.
4、 School children blitz the community asking for canned contributions.
5、 The guided working weekends and the guided working holidays.
6、 But Foot Trails specializes in offering gentle paced, soft guided walking so you will feel relaxed and refreshed, definitely not exhausted.
Passage:
The Story of Mother’s day
The earliest Mother’s Day celebrations can be traced back to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods. During the 1600’s, England celebrated a day called“Mothering Sunday”. Celebrated on the 4th Sunday of lent,“ Mothering Sunday”honored the mothers of England.
During this time many of the England’s poor worked as servants for the wealthy. As most jobs were located far from their homes, the servants would live at the houses of their employees. On Mothering Sunday the servants would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake, called the mothering cake, was often brought along to provide a festive touch.
As Christianity spread throughout Europe the celebration changed to honor the “Mother Church”— the spiritual power that gave them life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival blended with the Mothering Sunday celebration. People began honoring their mothers as well as the church.
In the Unite States Mother’s Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace. Ms. Howe would hold organized Mother’s Day meetings in Boston every year.
In 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother’s day. Ms. Jarvis persuaded her mother’s church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother’s Day on the second anniversary of her mother’s death, the second Sunday of May. By the next year Mother’s Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia.
Ms. Jarvis and her supporters began to write to ministers, businessman, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother’s Day. It was successful as by 1911 Mother’s Day was celebrated in almost every state. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother’s Day as a national holiday that was to be held each year on the second Sunday of May.
While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mother’s Day at different times throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother’s Day on the second Sunday of May.
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母亲节的来历
母亲节最早可追溯到古希腊，人们为了表示对众神之母瑞亚的敬重，每年春天都会举行重大的庆祝活动。在十七世纪，英国开始庆祝拜望双亲日。拜望双亲日定于复活节前四旬斋的第四个星期日，表达对英国母亲们的敬意。
此时，英国有许多穷人都在有钱人家里当奴仆。因为许多工作都离自家非常远，所以奴仆们都不得不寄宿在主人家里。在拜望双亲日这天，主人们会放他们假，并鼓励他们返回家园与母亲团聚。为了增加节日气氛，他们总是带一种特殊的蛋糕“母亲蛋糕”回家。
随着教在欧洲扩散，这个节日转为对主母教堂的庆祝，表达人们对赋予他们生命、保佑他们免于伤害的精力力量的感谢。从此，教会仪式便与拜望双亲日的庆祝活动相结合，于是，人们除了表达对母亲的敬意外，还表达对教会的尊重。
在美国，母亲节最早是由朱莉亚.瓦德.霍于1872年提出的，她建议将这一天献给“和平”，并每年在波斯顿等地举行母亲节的集会。
1907年，费城的安那.贾维斯发起为了建立全国性的母亲节的活动。她劝说位于弗吉尼亚洲西部的格拉夫顿教堂，也就是她妈妈经常去的教堂，在她母亲逝世两周年的日子，也就是五月的第二个星期日，庆祝母亲节。第二年，费城也开始了庆祝母亲节的活动。
贾维斯小姐和她的支持者们开始给教会牧师、商人、政界要员写信，要求建立全国性的母亲节。他们的努力非常成功，1911母亲节那一天几乎所有的州都在开展庆祝活动。1914年，美国总统伍德罗.威尔逊郑重声明，宣布母亲节为全国性节日，并于每年5月第二个星期天举行庆祝活动。
许多国家在一年中不同的时节庆祝属于他们自己的母亲节。然而，有些国家如丹麦、土耳其、澳大利亚和比利时，都是在五月的第二个星期日庆祝母亲节的。下载本文
