本文章介绍了利用 mysqlimport命令来实现数据导入方法，包括txt,csv,.sql的文件的操作，有需要了解的同学可参考一下。

mysqlimport
示例
mysqlimport -uroot -p123456 test /tmp/mytbl.txt;
约定：文件名的最后一部分为表名，以上语句导入到表mytbl
mysqlimport必须指定，以上语句数据库为test

导入csv

mysqlimport -uroot -p --local --lines-terminated-by="rn" --fields-terminated-by="," --fields-enclosed-by=""" test /tmp/mytbl.csv

load data
示例
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.txt' into table mytbl
load data可以不指定数据库
以上语句中，mysql必须有/tmp/的读权限
导入csv
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.csv' into table mytbl fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by 'rn'

处理重复主键
替换已有值
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.txt' replace into table mytbl fields terminated by 't' lines terminated by 'n'
表中已有则不导入
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.csv' ignore into table mytbl fields terminated by ',' enclosed by '"' lines terminated by 'rn'
跳过文件行
以下示例为跳过第一行
mysql> load data infile '/tmp/mytbl.txt' into table mytbl ignore 1 lines;
预处理
文件data.txt内容：
Date Time Name Weight State
2006-09-01 12:00:00 Bill Wills 200 Nevada
2006-09-02 09:00:00 Jeff Deft 150 Oklahoma
2006-09-04 03:00:00 Bob Hobbs 225 Utah
2006-09-07 08:00:00 Hank Banks 175 Texas
文件必须被加载入如下的表
create table tbl
(
dt datetime,
last_name char(10),
first_name char(10),
weight_kg float,
st_abbrev char(2)
)
create table states
(
name varchar(20),
shortname char(2)
)
states 表中内容:
name shortname
Nevada NV
Oklahoma OK
Utah UT
Texas TX
insert into states
values('Nevada','NV')
,('Oklahoma','OK')
,('Utah', 'UT')
,('Texas', 'TX')
导入：
load data infile '/tmp/data.txt' into table tbl
ignore 1 lines
(@date,@time,@name,@weight_lb,@state)
set dt=concat(@date,' ',@time),
first_name=substring_index(@name,' ',1),
last_name=substring_index(@name,' ',-1),
weight_kg=@weight_lb * .454,
st_abbrev = (select shortname from states where name=@state);

结果：
mysql> select * from tbl; +---------------------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| dt | last_name | first_name | weight_kg | st_abbrev |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
| 2006-09-01 12:00:00 | Wills | Bill | 90.8 | NV |
| 2006-09-02 09:00:00 | Deft | Jeff | 68.1 | OK |
| 2006-09-04 03:00:00 | Hobbs | Bob | 102.15 | UT |
| 2006-09-07 08:00:00 | Banks | Hank | 79.45 | TX |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+
将windows本地文件导入到下的mysql数据库，加local
load data local infile 'C:/mytbl.txt' into table mytbl fields terminated by 't' lines terminated by 'rn'