步骤1：
mysql> select phone ,count(1) from User group by phone;
+-----------------+----------+
| phone | count(1) |
+-----------------+----------+
| NULL | 70 |
| | 40 |
| +86-133908711 | 1 |
| +86-13405053385 | 1 |
步骤一中发现数据库中有70条null数据，有40条为空的数据。
步骤2：
mysql> select count(1) from User where phone is null;
+----------+
| count(1) |
+----------+
| 70 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
经2再次验证数据库中null和空不一样的两个值。
步骤3：
mysql> alter table User add constraint uk_phone unique(phone);
ERROR 1062 (23000): Duplicate entry '' for key 'uk_phone'
此时创建索引提示‘ '为一个重复的属性。
步骤4：将所有的空值改成null
mysql> update User set phone = NULL where phone = '';
Query OK, 40 rows affected (0.11 sec)
Rows matched: 40 Changed: 40 Warnings: 0
步骤5：再次创建唯一索引
mysql> alter table User add constraint uk_phone unique(phone);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.34 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
创建成功，OK了
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