前言
在日常工作或者学习中，操作数据库时候难免会因为“大意”而误操作，需要快速恢复的话通过备份来恢复是不太可能的，下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍关于Mysql误操作后利用binlog2sql快速回滚的方法，话不多说，来一起看看详细的介绍：
一、总体解释：
DML（data manipulation language）：
它们是SELECT、UPDATE、INSERT、DELETE，就象它的名字一样，这4条命令是用来对数据库里的数据进行操作的语言
DDL（data definition language）：
DDL比DML要多，主要的命令有CREATE、ALTER、DROP等，DDL主要是用在定义或改变表（TABLE）的结构，数据类型，表之间的链接和约束等初始化工作上，他们大多在建立表时使用
DCL（Data Control Language）：
是数据库控制功能。是用来设置或更改数据库用户或角色权限的语句，包括（grant,deny,revoke等）语句。在默认状态下，只有sysadmin,dbcreator,db_owner或db_securityadmin等人员才有权力执行DCL
二、binlog2sql安装
从mysql binlog解析出你要的sql。根据不同选项，你可以得到原始sql、回滚sql、去除主键的insert sql等。
2.1、用途
2.2、安装
# cd /usr/local # git clone https://github.com/danfengcao/binlog2sql.git # ls binlog2sql games java lib mariadb sbin src # cd binlog2sql # pip install -r requirements.txt -bash: pip: command not found -------------安装pip工具------------- # wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py # python get-pip.py # pip -V #查看pip版本 pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (python 2.7) # pip install -r requirements.txt Requirement already satisfied: PyMySQL==0.7.8 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 1)) Requirement already satisfied: wheel==0.24.0 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 2)) Requirement already satisfied: mysql-replication==0.9 in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))
2.3、user需要的最小权限集合：
select, super/replication client, replication slave权限建议授权
mysql > GRANT SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* to flashback@'localhost' identified by 'flashback'; mysql > GRANT SELECT,REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* to flashback@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'flashback';
2.4、基本用法
解析出标准SQL
shell> python binlog2sql.py -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p'admin' -ddatabase -t table1 table2 --start-file='mysql-bin.000002' --start-datetime='2017-01-12 18:00:00' --stop-datetime='2017-01-12 18:30:00' --start-pos=1240
解析出回滚SQL
shell> python binlog2sql.py --flashback -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p'admin' -dtest -ttest3 --start-file='mysql-bin.000002' --start-position=763 --stop-position=1147
三、测试：
3.1、新建表users
create table cope_users like info_users; # 新建表 insert into cope_users select * from info_users limit 500; # 插入500行数据 delete from cope_users where id<20; # 删除20行数据
3.2、解析标准sql
# python /usr/local/binlog2sql/binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py -uflashback -pflashback -dttt -tusers --start-file='mysql-bin.000034' --start-datetime='2017-07-11 15:10:00' --stop-datetime='2017-07-11 15:12:00' DELETE FROM `ttt`.`users` WHERE `uid`='0e8e2609c748bbb052d7' AND `ip`='172.16.208.32' AND `sex`=0 AND `app_ver`='5.2.3' AND `device_type`=2 AND `guides`='' AND `last_login_time`=1481602129 AND `id`=1 AND `latitude`='' AND `add_time`=1481602080 AND `recharge_time`=0 AND `token_change_time`=1481602129 AND `expire_time`=0 AND `nickname`='阿超' AND `device_id`='cc0e154d9b5dd703eccc7d8a0dbc0f67db79e8' AND `push_key`='' AND `level`=0 AND `mobile`='188105535' AND `settings`='' AND `longitude`='' AND `signature`='' AND `os_ver`='' LIMIT 1; #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50 DELETE FROM `ttt`.`users` WHERE `uid`='b5cfbdb4205b56703a97' AND `ip`='172.16.208.48' AND `sex`=0 AND `app_ver`='5.2.2' AND `device_type`=2 AND `guides`='' AND `last_login_time`=1481602096 AND `id`=2 AND `latitude`='' AND `add_time`=1481602096 AND `recharge_time`=0 AND `token_change_time`=1481602096 AND `expire_time`=0 AND `nickname`='家长091410' AND `device_id`='fedea666076a7906be53523acc7a8b32811354fe' AND `push_key`='7759d6772c9851a2bfc13835a3d7e7da' AND `level`=0 AND `mobile`='13629470521' AND `settings`='' AND `longitude`='' AND `signature`='' AND `os_ver`='' LIMIT 1; #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50
3.3、解析出回滚SQL
# python /usr/local/binlog2sql/binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py --flashback -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uflashback -pflashback -dttt -tusers --start-file='mysql-bin.000034' --start-position=79078 --stop-position=83053
查看解析出的sql，如无误，可打印到sql文件中/data/backup/rollback.sql
# python /usr/local/binlog2sql/binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py --flashback -uflashback -pflashback -dttt -tusers --start-file='mysql-bin.000034' --start-position=79078 --stop-position=83053> /data/backup/rollback.sql
# cat /data/backup/rollback.sql
`id`, `latitude`, `add_time`, `recharge_time`, `token_change_time`, `expire_time`, `nickname`, `device_id`, `push_key`, `level`, `mobile`, `settings`, `longitude`, `signature`, `os_ver`) VALUES ('24667530f4b16a446b3e', '172.16.218.75', 0, '5.2.93', 3, '{\"2103\":1,\"2100\":1,\"2101\":1,\"2102\":1,\"2104\":1,\"2105\":1}', 1490239125, 19, '', 1481610680, 0, 1490239125, 0, 'zf', 'da75b093-bd22-48f6-bbb1-d3296e29e9b5', 'be05183f80a96e788e0b0a99d1275392', 0, '151015325', '', '', '', ''); #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50
INSERT INTO `ttt`.`users`(`uid`, `ip`, `sex`, `app_ver`, `device_type`, `guides`, `last_login_time`, `id`, `latitude`, `add_time`, `recharge_time`, `token_change_time`, `expire_time`, `nickname`, `device_id`, `push_key`, `level`, `mobile`, `settings`, `longitude`, `signature`, `os_ver`) VALUES ('77e50b4910a93057ed', '172.16.218.37', 0, '5.2.1.14', 3, '', 1488787835, 18, '39.978212', 1481610517, 0, 1488787835, 0, '陈俊宇', 'ed0a273d-74de-4173-92c6-55d92597bc79', '', 0, '18612482272', '', '116.306826', '', ''); #start 79078 end 83053 time 2017-07-11 15:11:50
mysql连接配置
-h host; -P port; -u user; -p password
解析模式
解析范围控制
对象过滤
3.4、开始回滚
# mysql -uroot -p000000 < /data/backup/rollback.sql
3.5、登陆数据库验证
四、注意事项
4.1、在配置文件中设置了以下参数：
server_id = 1 log_bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin.log max_binlog_size = 1G binlog_format = row binlog_row_image = full # 默认
4.2、在闪回的时候必须启动 MySQL 服务
因为它是通过 BINLOG_DUMP 协议来获取 binlog 内容，需要读取server端 information_schema.COLUMNS 表，来获取表结构的元信息，才能拼接成 SQL 语句。因此需要给用户提供的最小权限如下：
GRANT SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'user'@'%';
源码中，主要是使用 python-mysql-replication 作为实时解析 MySQL binlog 来获取各个 EVENT。 python-mysql-replication 实现了 MySQL 复制协议，客户端伪装成 slave 来获取主的 binlog 和 EVENT。
4.3、insert、update、delete大部分时候可以解析出来标准sql和回滚sql
一种情况例外:insert、updete、delete操作之后，drop/truncate table。 此时虽然在binlog中记录了所有的event，但是使用binlog2sql生成标准sql、回滚sql的时候已经找不到了dml操作的相应的表
4.4、DDL无法使用binlog2sql闪回数据。
总结
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