[MySQL] Linux下MySQL-5.6源码安装

本文主要介绍centos下源码安装MySQL 5.6的方法，centos的版本为5.8.

1）首先，你需要到MySQL官网下载源码tar包，点击MySQL Community Server，选择Source Code，源码包不大，只有34M左右。

注：以下操作没有特殊说明，都是以root账户执行。

2）先安装cmake（mysql5.5以后源码安装都得通过cmake编译）

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# yum install cmake

并确保以下两个包已安装最新版：

ncurses

ncurses-devel

3）添加MySQL用户组和用户

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# groupadd mysql

# useradd mysql

4）创建MySQL软件安装目录和数据存放目录

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mkdir -p /opt/mysql #MySQL安装目录

chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql #MySQL数据存放目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data #存放数据

mkdir -p /data/mysql/log #存放日志

mkdir -p /data/mysql/tmp #存放临时文件

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

5）cmake编译安装MySQL

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tar zxvf mysql-5.6.13.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.6.13

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

make

make install

参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql //指定安装目录

-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/data/mysql //指定数据存放目录

-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql //指定配置文件目录（本例的配置文件为/opt/mysql/my.cnf）

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 //指定字符集

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //指定校验字符

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all //安装所有扩展字符集

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 //允许从本地导入数据

上述步骤执行成功后，MySQL软件已成功安装至/opt/mysql目录下。

7）编辑配置文件my.cnf

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[client]

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

[innotop]

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

[mysql]

prompt = //u@//d //r://m://s>

no-auto-rehash

[mysqld_safe]

pid-file = /opt/mysql/run/mysqld.pid

[mysqld]

#### Baes dir ####

basedir = /opt/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp

socket = /opt/mysql/run/mysql.sock

#### Base configure info ####

port = 3306

skip-name-resolve

old_passwords = 0

lower_case_table_names = 1

open_files_limit = 65535

read_rnd_buffer_size = 5M

max_allowed_packet = 24M

max_connect_errors = 50000

max_connections = 1000

max_user_connections = 950

thread_cache_size=

table_open_cache=1024

thread_stack=262144

wait_timeout=8000

#### Log info ####

log-error = /data/mysql/log/alert.log

slow_query_log=1

slow_query_log_file= /data/mysql/log/slow.log

log-slow-admin-statements

long_query_time = 0.1

slow_launch_time=1

#### Binary log && Relay log ####

binlog_format='MIXED'

log-bin = /data/mysql/log/mysql-bin

log-slave-updates = 1

relay-log = /data/mysql/log/mysqld-relay-bin

relay-log-index = /data/mysql/log/mysqld-relay-bin.index

master-info-file = /data/mysql/log/master.info

relay-log-info-file = /data/mysql/log/relay-log.info

max_binlog_size = 500M

max_binlog_cache_size = 2G

#### query cache ####

query_cache_size = 100M

query_cache_limit = 1K

query_cache_min_res_unit = 1K

query_cache_type=2

#myisam

concurrent_insert = 2

key_buffer_size = 100M

sort_buffer_size = 100K

join_buffer_size = 100K

read_buffer_size = 1M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 100M

#innodb plugin

#innodb

default-storage-engine = INNODB

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_open_files=60000

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16G

innodb_log_buffer_size= 400M

innodb_log_file_size = 100M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 4

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10G;ibdata2:5G:autoextend

innodb_buffer_pool_instances=4

innodb_thread_concurrency=32

### Server id ####

log_bin_trust_function_creators=1

read_only=0

server_id=5

8）创建数据库

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cd /opt/mysql

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

上述建库语句将根据my.cnf里设置的数据文件目录和日志文件目录，生成相应的数据文件和日志文件，并创建系统数据库（如mysql,test,information_schema,performance_schema)

9）设置root密码，创建只读账号

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export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql/bin

mysqladmin -u root password '***'

mysql -uroot -p

root@(none) 06:08:34>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '***' WITH GRANT OPTION;

root@(none) 06:08:44>GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'rnd'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '***';

10）最后，把MySQL加入系统启动项和开机启动

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cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系统启动

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限

chkconfig mysqld on #加入开机启动

这样，执行service mysqld start即可启动MySQL了：）。