Oracle 使用RMAN 将 DB 从10g 直接 Restore 到11g 示例
随着Oracle 版本的升级，RMAN 也得到增强，在Oracle11g中的RMAN 支持不同操作系统和不同DB 之前的使用，关于RMAN 的兼容性，参考：
Oracle RMAN 兼容性 及 不同版本和不同平台之间使用 常见问题说明
这篇文章演示一个linux 下10g 恢复到11g中的示例。
Target 端：
OS： Oracle Linux 6.1 位
DB： 11.2.0.3
Source 端：
OS：Oracle Linux 6.1 位
DB： 10.2.0.5
注意：
Oracle 10.2.0.1 不能直接升级到11gR2，至少需要先升级到10.2.0.2 以后才可以升级到11gR2，关于Oracle 升级路线图参考我的Blog：Oracle9i/10g/11g 数据库 升级路线图（upgrade roadmap）
简单的来说就是2个步骤：
1. 将10g 数据库 还原11g上
2. 升级还原的10g数据库到11g。
具体操作步骤如下。
一．在Source 库用RMAN 备份数据库1.1 在Source 库上执行utlu112i.sql脚本
在Source 备份之前，，需要执行一下utlu112i.sql 脚本，如果不执行，那么在升级时执行 @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql 脚本时会报如下错误：
DOC> The following error is generated if the pre-upgrade tool has not been
DOC> run in the old ORACLE_HOME home prior to upgrading a pre-11.2 database:
DOC>
DOC> SELECT TO_NUMBER('MUST_HAVE_RUN_PRE-UPGRADE_TOOL_FOR_TIMEZONE')
DOC> *
DOC> ERROR at line 1:
DOC> ORA-01722: invalid number
DOC>
DOC> o Action:
DOC> Shutdown database ("alter systemcheckpoint" and then "shutdown abort").
DOC> Revert to the original oracle home andstart the database.
DOC> Run pre-upgrade tool against thedatabase.
DOC> Review and take appropriate actionsbased on the pre-upgrade
DOC> output before opening the datatabase inthe new software version.
DOC>
将11g $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin 下的utlu112i.sql脚本copy到10g的$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin 下，并在10g上执行，这个脚本可以检查升级前的一些信息。如果不满足条件，会列出。
SQL> spool upgrade_info.log
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu112i.sql
Oracle Database 11.2 Pre-UpgradeInformation Tool 03-01-2012 19:53:57
Script Version: 11.2.0.3.0 Build: 001
.
**********************************************************************
Database:
**********************************************************************
--> name: ANQING
--> version: 10.2.0.5.0
--> compatible: 10.2.0.5.0
--> blocksize: 8192
--> platform: Linux x86 -bit
--> timezone file: V4
.
**********************************************************************
Tablespaces: [make adjustments in thecurrent environment]
**********************************************************************
--> SYSTEM tablespace is adequate forthe upgrade.
.... minimum required size: 682 MB
--> UNDOTBS1 tablespace is adequate forthe upgrade.
.... minimum required size: 400 MB
--> SYSAUX tablespace is adequate forthe upgrade.
.... minimum required size: 454 MB
--> TEMP tablespace is adequate for theupgrade.
.... minimum required size: 60 MB
.
**********************************************************************
Flashback: OFF
**********************************************************************
**********************************************************************
Update Parameters: [Update Oracle Database11.2 init.ora or spfile]
Note: Pre-upgrade tool was run on a lowerversion -bit database.
**********************************************************************
--> If Target Oracle is 32-Bit, referhere for Update Parameters:
-- No update parameter changes are required.
.
--> If Target Oracle is -Bit, referhere for Update Parameters:
WARNING: --> "sga_target"needs to be increased to at least 596 MB
.
**********************************************************************
Renamed Parameters: [Update Oracle Database11.2 init.ora or spfile]
**********************************************************************
-- No renamed parameters found. No changesare required.
.
**********************************************************************
Obsolete/Deprecated Parameters: [UpdateOracle Database 11.2 init.ora or spfile]
**********************************************************************
--> background_dump_dest 11.1 DEPRECATED replaced by "diagnostic_dest"
--> user_dump_dest 11.1 DEPRECATED replaced by "diagnostic_dest"
.
**********************************************************************
Components: [The following databasecomponents will be upgraded or installed]
**********************************************************************
--> Oracle Catalog Views [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle Packages and Types [upgrade] VALID
--> JServer JAVA Virtual Machine[upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle XDK for Java [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle Workspace Manager [upgrade] VALID
--> OLAP Analytic Workspace [upgrade] VALID
--> OLAP Catalog [upgrade] VALID
--> EM Repository [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle Text [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle XML Database [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle Java Packages [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle interMedia [upgrade] VALID
--> Spatial [upgrade] VALID
--> Data Mining [upgrade] VALID
--> Expression Filter [upgrade] VALID
--> Rule Manager [upgrade] VALID
--> Oracle OLAP API [upgrade] VALID
.
**********************************************************************
Miscellaneous Warnings
**********************************************************************
WARNING: --> Database is using atimezone file older than version 14.
.... After the release migration, it isrecommended that DBMS_DST package
.... be used to upgrade the 10.2.0.5.0database timezone version
.... to the latest version which comes withthe new release.
WARNING: --> EM Database ControlRepository exists in the database.
.... Direct downgrade of EM DatabaseControl is not supported. Refer to the
.... Upgrade Guide for instructions to savethe EM data prior to upgrade.
WARNING: --> Your recycle bin is turnedon and currently contains no objects.
.... Because it is REQUIRED that therecycle bin be empty prior to upgrading
.... and your recycle bin is turned on, youmay need to execute the command:
PURGE DBA_RECYCLEBIN
.... prior to executing your upgrade toconfirm the recycle bin is empty.
.
**********************************************************************
Recommendations
**********************************************************************
Oracle recommends gathering dictionarystatistics prior to
upgrading the database.
To gather dictionary statistics execute thefollowing command
while connected as SYSDBA:
EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_dictionary_stats;
**********************************************************************
Oracle recommends reviewing any definedevents prior to upgrading.
To view existing non-default events executethe following commands
while connected AS SYSDBA:
Events:
SELECT (translate(value,chr(13)||chr(10),' ')) FROM sys.v$parameter2
WHERE UPPER(name) ='EVENT'AND isdefault='FALSE'
Trace Events:
SELECT (translate(value,chr(13)||chr(10),' ')) from sys.v$parameter2
WHERE UPPER(name) = '_TRACE_EVENTS' AND isdefault='FALSE'
Changes will need to be made in theinit.ora or spfile.
**********************************************************************
SQL>
如果直接在11g上执行这个脚本，那么会报如下错误：
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu112i.sql
ERROR:
ORA-04023: Object SYS.STANDARD could not bevalidated or authorized
MOS 对这个问题的说明：
ORA-04023 On SYS.STANDARD When RunningUTLU111I.SQL or UTLU112I.SQL [ID 984511.1]
在网上搜到这么一段：
WARNING: –> Database is using an oldtimezone file version.
…. Patch the 10.2.0.1.0 database to timezone file version 4
…. BEFORE upgrading the database. Re-run utlu111i.sql after
…. patching the database to record the new timezone file version.
To find time zone file version on sourcedatabase (10g) run
SQL> select * from v$timezone_file;
If time zone file version is lessthan 4 then apply time zone patch 56322 manually for 10.2.0.1database。
--之前我们说10.2.0.1 不能直接升级到11gR2，通过这段文字，这个不能升级的原因可能就是与Time zone 相关。10.2.0.5的Time zone 值是4，满足条件。对于timezone 值小于4的，要打Patch 56322。
手头没有10.2.0.1的库，暂时不能查询，之前也遇到过一个time zone的问题。
Oracle TTSORA-39322: Cannot use transportable tablespace with different timezone version 说明
1.2 备份Source库备份脚本参考：
Linux平台下RMAN 全备 和 增量备份shell 脚本
Nocatalog下的RMAN 增量备份shell脚本
