因为有一些网站需要每日检查是否有问题，所以需要一个报警监控的机制，这个需要你指定你发送的邮箱和你接收的邮箱，就可以做到对网站自动监控了。

这里用的是python3.5

需要安装的插件:

1、smtplib:发邮件需要用到

2、pycurl:访问网站时会需要用到

3、linecache:在读取txt网站清单时需要用到

具体思路:

python程序从txt里面批量读取到网站的信息,通过Curl.py模拟浏览器去访问网站,并且把访问的结果写入到以自己的网站名称-日期.txt格式的文件中记录;有几种情况:

1、如果发现打不开了,直接发邮件提示网站已经打不开

2、发现可以打开,读取文件中上一次访问的情况(读取txt文件最后一行),

1)如果发现上一次是打不开的,发邮件提醒网站已经恢复了

2)如果发现上一次是打得开的(200的返回码),只是记录网站访问的日志就可以了

总共4个文件

Email.py是邮件类,主要用来发邮件的时候调用,这里需要按照你的情况改成你的邮箱(msg['From']),邮箱服务器地址(SMTP地址),和你的邮箱密码(SMTP.login)

Email.py

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
class Email_send(object):
 def __init__(self,msgTo,data2,Subject):
 self.msgTo=msgTo
 self.data2=data2
 self.Subject=Subject
 def sendEmail(self):
 # (attachment,html) = content
 msg = MIMEMultipart()
 msg['Subject'] = self.Subject
 msg['From'] = 'xxxx@xxxx.com.cn'
 msg['To'] = self.msgTo
 html_att = MIMEText(self.data2, 'html', 'utf-8')
 #att = MIMEText(attachment, 'plain', 'utf-8')
 msg.attach(html_att)
 #msg.attach(att)
 try:
 smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
 smtp.connect('smtp.xxxx.com', 25)
 smtp.login(msg['From'], 'xxxx') #改成自己的邮箱密码
 smtp.sendmail(msg['From'], msg['To'].split(','), msg.as_string())
 return('邮件发送成功')
 except Exception as e:
 print('--------------sss------',e)
 def curl(self):
 import pycurl
 c=pycurl.Curl()
 #url="www.luoan.com.cn"
 #indexfile=open(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/content.txt","wb")
 c.setopt(c.URL,url)
 c.setopt(c.VERBOSE,1)
 c.setopt(c.ENCODING,"gzip")
 #模拟火狐浏览器
 c.setopt(c.USERAGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0")
 return c

Curl.py 主要用来执行模拟浏览器访问网站并返回结果的文件

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import pycurl
class Curl(object):
 def __init__(self,url):
 self.url=url
 def Curl_site(self):
 c=pycurl.Curl()
 #url="www.luoan.com.cn"
 #indexfile=open(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/content.txt","wb")
 c.setopt(c.URL,self.url)
 c.setopt(c.VERBOSE,1)
 c.setopt(c.ENCODING,"gzip")
 #模拟火狐浏览器
 c.setopt(c.USERAGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:35.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/35.0")
 return c

site_moniter.py 这个文件为主程序,主要执行调用上面的函数,读取txt文件中的网站清单,如果网站打不开就发邮件出来告警

需要注意:

1、把xxxx@xxxx.com改成你自己的邮箱,

2、把文件路径改成自己的真实路径

#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pycurl
import os
import sys
import linecache
import time #引入事件类，用来获取系统当前时间
#from ceshi import Student
from Email import Email_send
from Curl import Curl

#bart = Student('mafei',59)
#bart.print_score()

def script(urls,type):
 msgTo = 'xxxx@xxxx.com'
 now_time=time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
 j=1
# data2=[{'aa':'aa'}]
 for url_split in urls:
 #print(url_split)
 url_1=url_split.split('---')
 url=url_1[1]
 recovery_title = "监控通知----%s url:%s" % (url_1[0], url) + "在" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time())) + "已经恢复"
 down_title = "监控通知----%s url:%s" % (url_1[0], url) + "在" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time())) + "无法打开"
 #print('~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~')
 #print(url)
 #引用爬去网站的类，调用结果
 url_result = Curl(url)
 c = url_result.Curl_site()
 try:
 c.perform()
 code = str(c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE))
 print(code+'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')
 except Exception as e:
 print('--------错误信息：--------',e)
 #indexfile.close()
 #c.close()
 code = str(c.getinfo(c.HTTP_CODE))
 # print(code+'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa')
 filename = '%s-%s.txt' % (url_1[0], time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime(time.time())))
 #判断如果在网站无法打开的情况下
 if code == '0' or code=='400' or code=='500' or code=='404':
 resolveTime = 0
 Connection_Time = 0
 Transfer_Total_Time = 0
 Total_Time = 0
 # print('为000000000000000000000000000000000000000000')
 data3 = '网站:%s无法打开%s' % (url_1[0], url)
 # indexfile.close()
 # c.close()
 #判断网站如果挂了就发邮件
 stat3 = Email_send(msgTo, data3, down_title)
 resole=stat3.sendEmail()
 print(resole)
 print(data3 + '邮件已经发送')
 else:
 #resolveTime = str(c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
 # Connection_Time=str(float(c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME)*1000-c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME)*1000))+" ms"
 #Connection_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME) * 1000 - c.getinfo(c.NAMELOOKUP_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
 # Connection_Time=round(float(Connection_Time))
 #Transfer_Total_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME) * 1000 - c.getinfo(c.PRETRANSFER_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
 #Total_Time = str(c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME) * 1000) + " ms"
 # data2=data
 # data={'url':url,'HTTP CODE':code,'resolveTime':resolveTime,'Connection_Time':Connection_Time,'Transfer_Total_Time':Transfer_Total_Time,'Total_Time':Total_Time}
 print('网站可以正常打开')
 #f = open(filename, 'a',encoding='utf-8')
 file_exit=os.path.exists(filename)
 #print(file_exit)
 #判断这个日志文件存不存在
 if(file_exit):
 #读取文件最后一行，为了读取出来最后一次的状态值
 file = open(filename, 'r',encoding='utf-8')
 linecount = len(file.readlines())
 data = linecache.getline(filename, linecount)
 file.close
 if data == '':
 print('这是'+data+'为空的数据')
 else:
 print('其他信息%s'%(data))
 explode = data.split('----')
 #判断如果读取出来的值，最后一次是异常的情况就告警
 if explode[3]=='0
' or explode[3]=='400
' or explode[3]=='500' or explode[3]=='404':
 data3 = '网站:%s在%s已经恢复%s' % (url_1[0], now_time,url)
 stat3 = Email_send(msgTo, data3, recovery_title)
 resole = stat3.sendEmail()
 print(resole)
 print(data3 + '邮件已经发送')
 else:
 print('最后一次记录为其他值：%s'%(explode[3])+'-----')
 else:
 print('文件不存在')
 data2 = '
' + url_1[0] + '----' + url + '-----' + time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time())) + '-------' + code
 print('data2数据写入成功：' + data2)
 file = open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
 file.write(data2)
 file.close
# bart = Student(data2,59)
# bart.print_score()

if __name__ == "__main__":
 type = "监控通知-测试" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()))
 data1=['公司门户---www.luoan.com.cn','公司平台---yun.luoan.com.cn']
 #script(data1,type)


 #中心层面的网站清单
 file=open('D:pythonsite_moniterzhongxin.txt')
 data2=[]
 while 1:
 line2 =file.readline()
 print(line2)
 if not line2:
 break
 data2.append(line2[0:-1])
 #data2=['www.luoan.com.cn','yun.luoan.com.cn','www.qq.com']
 print(data2)
 title="监控通知-中心"+ time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(time.time()))
 script(data2,title)

总结

利用Python自动监控网站并发送邮件告警的方法到这就基本结束了，希望对大家的学习工作能有所帮助。

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