本文实例讲述了ES6 let和const定义变量与常量的应用。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

关于 let

{
 var a = 12;
 let b = 15;
 {
 console.log(a); // 12
 console.log(b); // 15
 }
}

console.log(a); // Uncaught ReferenceError: a is not defined，直接报错
let a = 12; // let定义的变量不能进行变量的提升

console.log(b); // undefined
var b = 12;
// 上面的过程存在变量提升过程如下：
/*
var b;
console.log(b);
b = 12;
*/

{
 var a = 12;
 let b = 15;
 console.log(b); // 15
}
console.log(a); // 12
console.log(b); // Uncaught ReferenceError: b is not defined

for(var i=0;i<5;i++) {}
console.log(i); // 5 
for(let m=0;m<5;m++){}
console.log(m); // Uncaught ReferenceError: m is not defined

var a = 18;
var b = 10;
fun();
function fun(){
 console.log(b); // 10
 console.log(a); // Uncaught ReferenceError: a is not defined
 let a;
}

let a;
var a; // Uncaught SyntaxError: Identifier 'a' has already been declared

var config = (function () {
 var res = [];
 res.push(1);
 res.push(2);
 res.push(3);
 return res;
})();
console.log(config); // [1,2,3]

let config;
{
 config = [];
 config.push(1);
 config.push(2);
 config.push(3);
}
console.log(config); // [1,2,3]

'use strict';
function a(){console.log(1);}
(function () {
 a(); // 去除'use strict' 之后 报错：a is not a function，加上'use strict'之后正常，

var arr = [];
for(var i=0;i<5;i++) {
 arr.push(function () {
 console.log(i);
 })
}
arr[1](); // 5 

var arr = [];
for(var i=0;i<5;i++) {
 arr.push((function (i) {
 return function () {
 console.log(i);
 }
 })(i));
}
arr[1](); // 1

var arr = [];
for(let i=0;i<5;i++) {
 arr.push(function () {
 console.log(i);
 })
}
arr[1](); // 1

关于 const

const a = {
 name:'J'
};
a.name = 'Z';
a.age = 10;
console.log(a); // {name: "Z", age: 10}
a = {}; // 尝试修改引用的地址
console.log(a); // Uncaught TypeError: Assignment to constant variable.

const a = {
 name:'K'
}
a.age = 13;
console.log(a); // {name: "K", age: 13}
Object.freeze(a);
a.age = 14;
console.log(a); // Uncaught TypeError: Cannot assign to read only property 'age' of object '#<Object>'

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希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。