一. 动名词作主语和表语
动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为,不定式表示某一次具体的行为。
Seeing is believing.
(但现代英语也可以:To see is to believe.)
Swimming is a good sport. (抽象)
To swim is good for today. (具体)
My job is teaching English. (抽象)
Your job is to clean the window now. (具体)
二. 作宾语
help to do 帮着做
can’t help doing 禁不住
want / need doing = want / need to be done
只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有:
enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑);understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。
’ve finished doing my homework.
having a rest.
practising playing the piano.
接动名词作宾语的短语有:
be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。
the village.
接动名词作宾语的重点介词:
after; before; on (一… 就…); without 等。
三.动名词作定语
动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途;现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。
动名词;饮用水); a drinking horse (现在分词;喝水的马)
a reading room; the sitting room; the dinning room; an opening speech; a singing competition; a sleeping pill; a walking stick;
四. 动名词复合结构 sb’s doing
1. 作主语
’s being late made the teacher angry.
’ working hard makes the rice grow well.
2. 作宾语(动宾和介宾)
?
’m looking forward to my cousin’s / cousin coming.
’t understand his / him behaving like that.
规则:动名词复合结构作宾语时,可以把sb’s 简化成sb, 人称代词用宾格,名词所有格简化成名词。
3. 逻辑主语是无生命的东西或较长的名词词组,不用所有格形式。
’m sure of the news being true. (news 无生命)
the street. (desk 无生命)
How about the two of us having a walk?
有头脑的人)
五.动名词的被动形式 being done
’t mind being left alone at home.
’t stand being treated like that.
couldn’t bear being laughed at.
’t like being disturbed while studying.
六.动名词完成式 having done
apologize for not having kept my promise.
七.动名词的完成被动形式 having been done
’t remember having been given a chance to try this method.
’t mind having been written like this.
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