2010年美国癌症统计报告
（tangdl2000编译）
在2010年7月最新出版的影响因子为87.925的著名学术刊物《CA：A Cancer Journal for Clinicians》上，美国癌症学会（American Cancer Society）公布了美国癌症的最新统计数据。报告的主要要点如下：2010年，美国查出1529560新发癌症病例，也就是说每天新发4190人。新发癌症中，男性7620例，前三位是前列腺癌（28%）、肺癌（15%）和直肠癌（9%），女性739940例, 前三位是乳腺癌（28%），肺癌（14%）和直肠癌（10%）；2010年，全美有569490人死于癌症，其中男性299200例，女性270290例, 也就是说每天死亡1560人。2000年到2006年间，男性癌症发病率每年下降1.3%；从1998年到2006年，女性癌症发病率每年下降0.5%。男性癌症发病率下降较多是因为肺癌、前列腺癌和直肠癌发病率明显下降。女性癌症死亡率下降主要因为乳腺癌和直肠癌发病率明显下降; 由于在癌症预防、检测和治疗方面的进步，从1990年到2006年，美国男性癌症死亡率下降21%，其中女性患者死亡率下降12.3%，期间被癌症夺去生命者减少76.7万。在所有癌症中，男性的三大杀手是肺癌（29%）、前列腺癌（11%）和直肠癌（9%）；女性的三大杀手是肺癌（26%）、乳腺癌（15%）和直肠癌（9%）。
心脏病的控制还是不错的
Is cancer still the biggest challenge for America or China?
（肿瘤仍然是中美两国的最大挑战吗？）
We greatly appreciated the recent interested article by Ahmedin Jemal and his colleagues [1]. In the paper, authors estimated the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in 2010 and compiled the most recent data regarding cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from 4 cancer originations. It was a good news for America because the overall cancer incidence rates decreased in the most recent time period in both men (1.3% per year from 2000 to 2006) and women (0.5% per year from 1998 to 2006). This was largely due to reducetions in the 3 major cancer sites in men (lung, prostate, and colon and rectum [colorectum]) and 2 major cancer sites in women (breast and colorectum). Unfortunately, according to the authors’ expectation model, a total of 1,529,560 new cancer cases and 569,490 deaths resulting from cancer are projected to occur in the United States in 2010.
Obviously, cancer is still the leading cause of death in USA when compared with cardiovascular diseases in persons younger than 85 years. Specially, lung and breast cancer account for more than 50% of all newly diagnosed cancers. Based on the recent reports [2, 3, 4], more attention should be paid to prevention, early diagnosis and improved treatment against cancer, the leading cause of death.
Meanwhile, there was a surprise that the number of incidence and death of cancer in China keep raising. In 2002, cancer in China accounts for approximately 1/5 (20.3%) and 1/4 (23.8%) newly diagnosed cancer cases and cancer mortality of the whole world respectively. The cancer mortality has rapidly increased from 74.2/100 000 in the 1970s to 108.3/100 000 in the 1990s and to 135.9/100 000 in 2004–05 in China [5]. Aging, deterioration of the environment, smoke, hepatitis B, and western lifestyles might be the contributors for the reverse trend in China. Therefore, China still faces huge changes in dealing with prevention and treatment of cancer patients. There will be a long fight ahead for the health care professionals, scientists, as well government agencies to curb this increasing tendency in China.
Best wishes, Jinwu Chen1,2 MD DDS associate professor, Jie Yang2 DMD DDS professor, Guangbin Cui3,MD PhD associate professor 1 Department of oral maxillofacial radiology School of Stomatology,Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, 710032, China 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry ,Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA 3 Department of radiology,Tangdu hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, 710032, China Correspondence: Guangbin Cui, Email: cgbtd@yahoo.com.cn and Jie Yang, jyang@dental.temple.edu
[1]Ahmedin Jemal, Rebecca Siegel, Jiaquan Xu, and Elizabeth Ward,Cancer Statistics, 2010 CA Cancer J Clin 2010 doi: 10.3322/caac.20073 [2] John Henry Dreyfuss. Thirdhand Smoke Identified as Potent, Enduring Carcinogen CA Cancer J Clin, Jul 2010; 60: 203 - 204. [3] Vilma Cokkinides, Priti Bandi, Catherine McMahon, Ahmedin Jemal, Thomas Glynn, and Elizabeth Ward.Tobacco Control in the United States—Recent Progress And Opportunities CA Cancer J Clin, Nov 2009; 59: 352 - 365. [4] Thomas Glynn, John R. Seffrin, Otis W. Brawley, Nathan Grey, and Hana Ross. The Globalization of Tobacco Use: 21 Challenges For The 21st Century CA Cancer J Clin, Jan 2010; 60: 50 - 61. [5] . Parkin DM;Bray F;Ferlay J;Pisani P.Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005 Mar-Apr. Vol.55,Iss.2;p.74-108
解读2009年美国癌症统计报告
在最新出版的影响因子为69.026的著名学术刊物《CA：A Cancer Journal for Clinicians》上，美国癌症学会(American Cancer Society)公布了美国癌症的最新统计数据。由于在癌症预防、检测和治疗方面的进步，从1990年到2005年，美国男性癌症或者死亡率下降19.2%，女性患者死亡率下降11.4%，期间被癌症夺去生命者减少65万。相比1993-2001年，男性癌症死亡率每年下降1.5%，女性癌症死亡率从1994-2002年每年下降0.8%。男女癌症患者死亡率下降，主要原因是预防措施(尤其是减少吸烟比例)的强化、检测技术的进步(包括对直肠癌、乳腺癌和盆腔癌的检测)以及治疗手段的改进。研究者预计，吸烟比例下降，尤其是妇女吸烟人数减少，应当进一步减少癌症的发病率。报告的主要要点如下：2009年，美国预计查出1,479,350新发癌症病例，其中男性766,130例，女性713,220例，口腔与咽癌新发病例35,720例;全美将有562,340人死于癌症(死于口腔与咽癌7,600例)，也就是说每天死亡1500人。在所有癌症中，男性的三大杀手是肺癌、前列腺癌和直肠癌;女性的三大杀手是肺癌、乳腺癌和直肠癌。2001年到2005年间，男性癌症发病率每年下降1.8%;从1998年到2005年，女性癌症发病率每年下降0.6%。男性癌症发病率下降较多是因为肺癌、前列腺癌和直肠癌发病率明显下降。女性癌症死亡率下降主要因为从1991年到2005年，乳腺癌死亡率下降37%，直肠癌死亡率下降24%。男性出现癌症的比率为44%，女性为37%，尽管女性出现癌症往往比较早(60岁之前)。
全身各部位癌症的5年相对生存率均逐年提高，1975-1977、1984-1986、1996-2004年口腔癌的5年相对生存率分别为53%、55%和60%。2009年男女估计新发癌症病例数前10位排名见表1，2009年男女估计癌症死亡病例数前10位排名见表2，头颈癌估计新发与死亡病例数见表3，全身各部位癌症的5年相对生存率见表4。 China J Oral Maxillofac Surg,2009,7(4):384
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