| 作者:guoyong 文章来源:本站原创 点击数: 2433 更新时间:2006-6-24 |
思路与Mulliken布居分析一样,但在以下几个方面有所不同
(1)计算原子上的电荷时所用的原子轨道不同: Mulliken分析用的是构建分子轨道的原子轨道,因而对基组有依赖性;而NBO分析用的是NAO [natural atomic orbital]原子轨道。
NAO是在对角化密度矩阵中一中心的块矩阵得到的[原话:diagonalization of one-center blocks of the density matrix]; Since the NAOs form an orthonormal set, completely spanning the space of (generally nonorthogonal ) basis orbitals, the natural populations are inherently positive, and sum correctly to the total number of electrons.
重叠区电荷的分割是通过权重而不是均分的方式分给两个原子.
(2) 给出了分子中各原子的NHO (Natural Hybrid Orbitals), 易于为普通的化学工作者掌握和解决问题.
构建NHO (Natural Hybrid Orbitals) 的步骤如下:
[1]find the density matrix P in a basis set of natural atomic orbitals and diagonalize eath atomic subblock PAA to find the lone-pair hybrid on that center.
NBO程序默认布居数超过1.999e的轨道是core orbital,超过
1.90e的轨道是lone pair orbital.
[2]for each pair of atoms A 、L, form the two-center density
matrix P (AL) .
NBO程序默认只有布居数超过1.90e的轨道才被考虑,如果
电子对的数目不够, NBO程序会继续搜索三中心的block,
直到体系的总电子数被满足
[3] symmetrically orthogonalize the hybrids found in step 1 and
2 to find the final natural hybrids orbitals.
| (3) 可以定量的给出轨道之间的相互作用能. |