1.虚拟语气在条件句中的使用
| 从句 | 主句 | |
| 与现在事实相反 | If I were you now , | I would do |
| 与过去事实相反 | If I had known you 10 years ago, | I would have done |
| 与将来事实相反 | If I should / were to do /did tomorrow, | I would do |
2)If you had prepared your lessons sufficiently, you would have passed the exam.
3)If I were to/should do it, I would do it in a different way.
4)Without /but for water, the fish would die.
5)I would have called you , but I didn’t have your number.
6)I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.
2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句中
表示命令,建议,要求等动词相关的名词性从句中都需要虚拟。
insist
order / command
suggest / propose / advise / recommend
require / demand / request / desire
1)He insisted that he (should) be sent there. ( 宾从 )
2)I suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. ( 宾从 )
3)It is suggested that measures (should) be taken to protect the heritage sites.(主从)
4)Our suggestion is that the school (should) remain closed. ( 表从 )
5)He followed the doctor’s advice that he (should) give up smoking. ( 同位语从)
3. It is important/ necessary/ strange/ a pity natural that...(should) do
4.wish+宾语从句表示不能实现的愿望
I wish I were a bird flying in the sky.( 现在 )
We wish we had not told him the news. ( 过去 )
He wishes he could/would become a scientist someday. ( 将来 )
5.if only表示“如果...就好了”
If only the alarm clock had rung. ( 过去 )
If only he were here now. ( 现在 )
If only I could/would see him once more! ( 将来 )
6. would rather that… 宁愿, 从句用虚拟语气,其动词形式与wish基本相同
I would rather I had done the work for you yesterday. ( 过去 )
I would rather she were not here now. ( 现在/ 将来 )
7. It is (high) time that 后面从句中的谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形(should不可省略)
It is time that the children went to bed.
= It is high time that the children should go to bed.
8.as if/though引导的表语从句或状语从句中用虚拟
He looks as if he were an artist.
He looks as if he had seen a ghost.
It looks as if it might rain soon.
9. wanted to have done =had wanted to do
( hope / mean/ intend/ plan / would like )
10. must have done
can’t have done
may/ might(not) have done
could have done
should (not ) have done
needn’t have done –didn’t need to do下载本文