一、感叹句
结构： what + (a/an) + adj. + n. + (主谓)！
How + adj. / adv. + (主谓)!
解析：what 是用来修饰名词的，名词前可以加形容词；how是直接用来修饰形容词的，急没有how a 的说法。
解题技巧：一个句子中，除主谓外（有的不含主谓），如果只有名词或者形容词直接加名词的，用what，其他情况一律用how。
例：
1.______ a nice watch it is!
A. How B. What C. What a D. How a
2. ______ bright girls they are!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3. ______ interesting the film is!
A. What B. What an C. How D. How a
4. ______ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. what
5. ______ day it is ! It’s rainy again.
A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine
练习：
⒈ ____ delicious the dish is!
A. What B. How C. What a
⒉ ____ strange clothes he is wearing!
A. What a B. What C. How a
⒊ ____ an interesting subject it is!
A. What B. How C. What an
⒋ ____ foggy it was yesterday!
A. What B. What a C. How
⒌ ____ careless a boy you are!
A. How B. What a C. What
6 _______ fast the boy ran!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
7. _______ well you sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. How, how B. What, what
C. How, what D. What, how
8. ________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
9. _______ fools they were! They believed what the man said.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
10. _______ foolish they were! They believed what the man said.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
11. _______ difficult questions they are! I can’t answer them.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
12. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want to see her!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
13. _______ lovely weather we are having these days!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
14. _______ beautiful your new dress is!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
15. _______ interesting work it is to teach children!
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
二、把下列句子改为感叹句
⒈ A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.
B: ___________________________
⒉ A: Mr Wang is a busy man.
B: ___________________________
⒊ A: The cat is very happy.
B: _________________________
⒋ A: The tractor is going very slowly.
B: ___________________________
⒌ A: He is very lucky.
B: ___________________________
三、转换下列句子，使之变为感叹句
1. The boy swam very fast.
_______ _______ the boy swam!
2. The school trip is very exciting.
_______ _______ the school trip is!
3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter.
_______ _______ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!
4. It is a very useful dictionary.
_______ _______ _______ dictionary it is!
_______ _______ _______ dictionary is!
5. The students are listening very carefully.
________ ________ the students are listening!
二、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词）
1、动词不定式：分为 带to的动词不定式 即to + V原和不带to的动词不定式
(1)常和动词不定式(to do)连用的动词有：
①. forget/ offer/decide/ hope/ plan/ want/ arrange/ learn/ agree/ refuse(拒绝)/ fail/choose to do
②. suggest/ ask/ tell/ teach/ want/ wish/ encourage(鼓励) sb. to do sth.
(2) 常和省to 的动词不定式连用的动词有：
See/hear/ find/ notice sb. do/doing sth. 看见、听到、发现、注意到某人做了某事
(3) 其宾语后只可接省to 的动词不定式的动词有：make let have（使得）
make/ let/have sb. do sth. 让/使某人做某事
注意：如果主动语态中谓语动词后接的省to 的不定式，那变成被动语态时，to不能省略如：
We often hear her sing English songs. (主动)
She is often heard to sing English songs. (被动)
2、 动名词：动词后加ing 后变成了一个具有名词性质的词
(1) 常和动名词（doing）连用的动词有：
suggest/consider/ admit/ deny/ enjoy/ finish/ mind/ keep/ practice(练习) doing sth.
See/hear/ find/ notice sb. doing sth. 看见、听到、发现、注意到某人正在做某事
(2)常和动名词连用的动词短语有：
Look forward to doing 期盼做… make a contribution to doing 为…做贡献
Insist on doing 坚持做… succeed in doing 成功做了
Be busy doing 忙于做… go on doing sth. 继续做某事
Be worth doing 值得做… be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事…
Can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事… feel like doing 想做某事
练习：
1. You should now practice ___ Chinese as much as possible.
A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. speak about
2. They went on ____ until it was very late in the afternoon. 源:Z,xx,k.Com]
A. talking B. to talk C. to talking D. talk
3. Mr Zhang told the boys___ on the road.
A. don’t play B. not playing C. not to play D. don’t to play
4. I feel very hot here, would you mind ___ the window?
A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened
5. Mary was made ____ by the window.
A. to stand B. stand C. standing D. stood
6. If you don’t feel good, you may just_____
A. stopped reading B. stop reading C. stopped to read D. stop to read
7. Remember___late for school.
A. not to B. not to be C. to be not D. be not to
8. It takes tom 15minutes ___ home.
A. walking B. to walk C. walked D. walk
9. My uncle enjoys____ during holidays
A. to go fishing in the river B. going fishing in the lake
C. going fish in the lake D. to going fishing in the river.
10. Why___ to the cinema with us? [来源:Z*xx*k.Com]
A. going B. not going C. not go D. don’t go
11. Lily spent nost of his spare time ___computer games.
A. to play B. play C. to playing D. playing
12. Alex finished ___his homework before having supper.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. does
13. My English teacher encourages___ a lot more reading and listening.
A. us doing B. us to do C. we do D. us do
14.Your bike needs____.
A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. to repairing
15. All the children like him because he often makes them____
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laugh D. laughs
16. We are not allowed____ in the restaurant
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. to smoking
17. I preferred ____table tennis rather than ___basketball.
A. to play; play B. playing; playing C. play; to play D. playing; play
18. It’s very cold outside ,you’d better ____your coat.
A. not to take off B. not take off C. not taking off D. not put on
19. The speaker raised his voice to make himself_____
A. hear B. hearing C. to hear D. heard
20. My sister likes____ but she doesn’t like___ today because she hurt her leg a few days ago.
A. dancing, dancing B. to dance, dancing C. dancing, to dance D. to dance, to dance
三．形容词的比较级和最高级
1. 变化规则
1) 通常在单音节词尾加 -er 和 -est：great (原级) greater greatest
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节词在词尾加 -r 和 -st: wide (原级) wider widest
3) 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的形容词,把 y 改i再加 -er 和-est:
happy: happier happiest; easy: easier easiest; early: earlier earliest
4) 以一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母后再加 –er，-est
如： big：bigger biggest sad: sadder saddest
5) 以后缀 -ful、 -less、 -ing、 -ed、 -ly等结尾的双音节词，在其前加more 和 most：
helpful: more helpful most helpful
helpless: more helpless most helpless
boring: more boring most boring
worried: more worried most worried
tired: more tired most tired
friendly: more friendly most friendly
6) 在多音节词其前加 more 和most:
beautiful: more beautiful most beautiful
difficult: more difficult most difficult
important: more important most important
7) 以 -w 结尾的词在其词后加 -er 和-est: new: newer newest few: fewer fewest
8) 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"更不"和"最不"
important 重要 less important 更不重要 least important 最不重要
二、不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级须特殊牢记:
原级 比较级 最高级
good/ well better best
bad/ ill/ badly worse worst
many/ much more most
little less least
far farther farthest（多指距离、路程）
further furthest（多指时间）
补充：
一、形容词原级用法：
1）、 adj原级 + enough 足够...
2）、 as + adj/adv原级 + as 与...一样...
3）、 A not as/ so + 原级 + as B A 不如/不及 B...
Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.（Tom比Jim矮/ Jim比Tom高）
= Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller than Tom.
二、形容词比较级的用法:
1）、 比较级 and 比较级 越来越...
fatter and fatter 越来越胖 taller and taller 越来越高
more and more + 多音节词原形 越来越...
more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more important 越来越重要
2)、 the +比较级 + （句子），the +比较级 + （句子） 越...就越...
The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我们越运动，我们就越健康.
The more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes. 我们越认真，我们犯错误就少.
3）、 比较级 + than + any other + 名词单数=比较级 + than + the other + 名词复数
Mike is taller than any other boy in his class.
= Mike is taller than the other boys in his class.
= Mike is the tallest boy in his class.
4)、 用much、 （a） little、 far、even等副词修饰比较级
The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
Tom is a little fatter than Jim. Tom比Jim胖一点点。
She is much more beautiful than Kate. 她比Kate漂亮得多。
三、 形容词最高级的用法:
1）、主语 + 谓语(系动词) + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 比较范围(in/ of all):
She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。
= She is better than any other student/ the other students in her class.
2）、 one of + the 最高级 + 名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
练习：
1. This box is___ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as
2 When we speak to people, we should be ______.
A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly
3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive
4 I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
5 When spring comes, it gets____.
A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter
6. I think science is _ than Japanese.
A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important
7. Beijing is one of____ in China.
A. the largest city r B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities
8. My mother is no ___ young.
A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few
9. These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot
11. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
12. When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.
A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer
13. ___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.
A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more
14. I like___ one of the two books.
A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older
15. English is one of____ spoken in the world.
A. the important languages B. the most important languages
C. most important language D. the most important language
