一、英语任务型阅读
1.根据短文内容,回答下列各题。
Do you obey the rules in your school? How do you like your school rules? A lot of school rules are similar around the world, but some are different. Every school has their own rules.
There are some rules in Japanese schools. The students are not allowed to dye(染) their hair and should keep the hair Japanese black colour. They are not allowed to wear earrings, either. Almost all schools required students to wear uniforms in the past but now half of the schools require uniforms. The students feel happy to wear all kinds of clothes. The students mustn't be late for school. If they are late, they can't get into the school gate because the school gate is closed. In Japan, students are not allowed to have part-time jobs because they may not concentrate on their study.
American schools have their own rules. For example, in Morton High School, students are not allowed to choose their own clothes. They must get to school and leave school on time. They must wear sports shoes in gym class. They should keep quiet in the school bus. In America, the students can have part- time jobs in their free time.
(1)Why are the students not allowed to have part time jobs in Japan? (不超过8个词)
(2)What must the students in Morton High School wear in gym class? (不超过5个词)
(3)There must be some rules in your school. Give one example, please. (请自拟— 句话作答)
【答案】 (1)Because they may not concentrate on their study.
(2)They must wear sports shoes.
(3)You must be quiet if you enter the school building. (言之有理即可)
【解析】【分析】大意:世界上很多学校校规相似,但一些学校的校规却不相同,本文着重介绍日本学校一些校规和美国学校的一些校规的不同。
(1)根据In Japan, students are not allowed to have part-time jobs because they may not concentrate on their study.可知,日本学生不允许兼职因为他们可能不能专注于自己的学习,故填Because they may not concentrate on their study。
(2)根据They must wear sports shoes in gym class.可知,他们体育课必须穿运动鞋,故填They must wear sports shoes。
(3)在我们学校,学生要求进到教学楼必须保持安静,故填You must be quiet if you enter the school building。
【点评】考查任务型阅读,注意首先理解问题所问,带着问题从原文找到答案。
2.第⑴-⑸是某游泳池有关安全事项的图标的说明。从A—E中选出符合各说明的图标。
A. B. C. D. E.
⑴Have a shower before and after you use the pool. ________
⑵Don't leave money or watches in the changing rooms. Put them in a locker. ________
⑶Children under 14 can only use the pool with an adult. ________
⑷No diving into the pool. ________
⑸Be careful when you walk around the pool. Don't run. ________
【答案】 D;B;A;E;C
【解析】【分析】图示意思:A大人带着孩子;B手表和钱包;C.奔跑的人;D.洗淋浴;E.跳入用泳池中。
(1)句意:使用浴池前或后,洗个淋浴,本句与D图片意思接近,故答案是D。
(2)句意:不要把手表和钱包放在更衣室里,把它们放在储物柜里。本句意思跟B图片相符,故答案是B。
(3)句意:14岁以下的儿童只有跟着大人才能使用游泳池。本句意思跟图片A相关。故答案是A。
(4)句意:不要在游泳池里潜水。本句意思跟图片E相符,故答案是E。
(5)句意:放你绕着游泳池走的时候一定要小心,不要跑。本句意思跟图片C相符,故答案是C。
【点评】考查任务型阅读,首先弄清楚图片所表达的意思,然后根据句意选择意思相关联的图片,完成选择。
3.阅读下面的短文,然后根据文章内容回答问题。
Imagine this: your parents go away on business, but you have to stay at home alone. Would life be as easy as when your parents are around? Would it be a perfect holiday for you?
"I can fill an empty stomach with tomato and egg soup, but that's all. I think many of my classmates are the same. We wouldn't know what to do, or how to look after ourselves," said Zheng Chenyu. "And I'd forget something important. I'd probably watch television and burn the soup."
"As soon as I leave home, I'll learn to cook. But now parents do almost everything for us.
We're very lazy," she said.
Most teenagers have only time for their homework. They don't learn any life skills until theygo to college.
However, Sima Yige doesn't think so.
"I think I'd be all right. I wouldn't just eat sandwiches or fruit. I know how to cook, some simple dishes because my mum showed me," the 13-year-old boy said. In his opinion, many teenagers depend too much on their parents, and there is much more to learn than cooking, like tidying up your room or even dressing yourself properly.
For most teenagers it wouldn't be a holiday at all.
(1)Why would Zheng Chenyu probably burn the soup?
(2)When will Zheng Chenyu learn to cook?
(3)Translate the underlined sentence(翻译划线句子)"They don't learn any life skills until they go to college. " in this passage.
(4)The underlined phrase(划线短语)"depend too much on" in the passage means(意思) in Chinese.
(5)For most teenagers, would life be as easy for teenagers living alone as when their parents are around according to(根据)the passage?
【答案】(1)Because she would probably watch television and forget the soup.
(2)As soon as he leaves home.
(3)他们直到上大学才会学习一些生活技能。
(4)太过依赖
(5)No, it wouldn't.
【解析】【分析】主要讲了当父母出差时,孩子们独自在家时的生活是怎样的。
(1)根据I'd probably watch television and burn the soup.可知她看电视而忘记了汤,故填Because she would probably watch television and forget the soup.。
(2)根据As soon as I leave home, I'll learn to cook可知她一离开家就学习做饭,故填As soon as he leaves home.。
(3)not...until直到......才......,learn any life skills学习一些生活技能, go to college去上大学,故填他们直到上大学才会学习一些生活技能。
(4)depend on依赖,too much太,故填太过依赖。
(5)根据For most teenagers it wouldn't be a holiday at all.可知大部分青少年在父母出差时觉得一点也不是假期,即生活不是简单的。所以一般疑问句的否定回答,故填No, it wouldn't.。
【点评】考查任务型阅读,注意理解题意,然后从文中仔细寻找答案。
4.补全短文,根据短文内容,从短文后的A~F选项中,选出5个适当的选项补全短文。
Global warming is a big problem that we have to stop. One of the best things we do is to plant more trees. Trees can take in CO2 in the air and stop global warming. ________
A team of scientists at Boston University has been working with NASA to study Earth's green vegetation (植被). They used a special NASA camera and found that global leaf area had increased by 5 percent since the early 2000s. ________ That's about one-quarter of the size of the entire Amazon rainforest.
The growth mainly came from China's forest protection programs, NASA said. For example, since 1962, China has been planting trees in Saihanba, Hebei Province. It was once a desert. ________
________ Ant Forest, a feature in Alipay app, gives users points for doing eco-friendly things such as walking and going paperless in the office. Users can then use these points to water and grow their own virtual (虚拟的) trees. When the virtual trees are big enough, Ant Forest will plant real trees somewhere in the world. ________
A. More than 55 million trees have been planted in this way.
B. The Chinese public has also joined in these activities recently.
C. And China was responsible for 25% of that gain, according to the study.
D. However, people there can produce vegetables without any difficulty now.
E. But now, China has turned the area into the country's largest man-made forest.
| F. According to a news report, China is doing a great job of "greening" the world. |
5.阅读下面短文,根据短文内容填写表格,每空限填一词。
A large numbers of emojis (表情符号) are sent online every day. Emojis are pictures used in texts and web pages. Since emojis were invented in the late 1990s, they have been used as a modern international languages.
We like emojis for different reasons. A written message is always black and white, but emojis show meanings beautifully. Sometimes emojis also change the way we write. The more emojis we use, the fewer words we use.
There are many emojis with different meanings. They are easy to understand. For example, a smiling face means "I'm happy". A cake with candles means "Happy birthday". When we want to say "Goodbye", we use a smiling face with a waving hand. When we are in a terrible situation but we have to laugh to cheer ourselves up, we can use a "cry laugh" emoji.
Now emojis have great influence on us. Sometimes, emojis can be helpful to people from different countries in understanding each other. And when we are feeling exchange. Then the invention of emojis helps change the situation. For example, when we receive a smiling face from our friends online, we try to exchange our feelings by sending the same picture.
It seems that emojis change as time goes by. However, we should be careful when we use them online.
| Emojis | |
| Brief introduction | ●Emojis are ________ that we use in texts and web pages. ●Emojis have been used as a ________international languages. |
| Reasons for their popularity | ●Emojis can show ________beautifully. ●Emojis change the way we ________. |
| Examples of emojis | ●A smiling face means "I'm happy." ●A cake with ________ means "Happy birthday." ●A smiling face with waving hand means "Goodbye". ●A "cry—laugh" emoji means we want to ________up. |
| The ________ of emojis | ●Emojis can ________ people from different countries to understand each other. ●Emojis can allow us to exchange our ________. |
| Conclusion | We should be ________when we use emojis. |
6.下面短文中有四处需要添加小标题。阅读短文,然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并完成最后一题。
(1)从方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各段意思的小标题
A. Bad influences
B. Sleeping hours
C. The most tiring moments
| D. Good sleeping habits |
________
Normal people need 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. But for teenagers, a healthy amount (数量) is about 8 to 10 hours. Sadly, only 1/3 of people manage that.
________
Tiredness usually reaches its highest twice a day, at 2 a.m. and 2 p.m. That explains why students easily fall asleep in afternoon classes. So sleeping at noon for a while helps us work better in the rest of the day
________
People can make mistakes if they don't get enough sleep. Students cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Drivers who have fallen asleep while driving have caused 1%-10% of the traffic accidents in our life. And we can imagine what will happen if a doctor feels sleepy at the operating-table!
________
There are several ways that can help us sleep better, such as avoiding drinks that make us excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark, quiet and warm.
(2)The passage mainly encourages us to ________ (不得超过5个单词)
【答案】 (1)B;C;A;D
(2)develop good sleeping habits
7.根据短文内容,完成下面的表格。
In common with other countries, Britain has serious environmental problems. In 1952, more than 4,000 people died in London because of the smog. The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories and the situation improved a lot.
Today, London is much cleaner but there is a new problem: smog from cars. In December 1991, there was very little wind in London and pollution increased a lot. As a result, about 160 people died from pollution in just four days.
One of the problem is the new "out of town" shopping centres. In the past, people often walked to shops near their homes or went by bus. Now, many people drive to the new shopping centres. Because the small shops have disappeared in the downtown, more people have to travel to do their shopping.
Critics say that Britain needs better and cheaper public transport. Transport in Britain is very expensive. An early morning train trip from Glasgow to London (about 600km) can cost about £100, for example. A short 15-minute bus trip can cost over £1.00.
Many people are trying to reduce the use of cars in Britain. Some cities now have special bicycle paths and many people cycle to work. Some people also travel to work together in one car to reduce the pollution and the cost.
| Environmental ________ in Britain | |||
| Time | causes | ________ | Solutions |
| In the ________ | Smog ________ coal fires and factories | ________ 4,000 people died in 1952. | New laws were ________. |
| Today | Smog caused by ________. | About 160 people ________ in a few days in 1991. | ★Provide better and ________ public transport. ★Build special paths for bicycles. ★Travel to work ________ in one car. |
【解析】【分析】环境问题现在是全球共同的话题,短文以英国为例进行了说明。与许多国家一样,英国有严重的环境问题。颁布新法律来阻止来自烧煤和工厂的烟雾,情况改善很多。在英国运输非常昂贵,因此,批评家说,英国需要更好和更便宜的公共交通。
⑴根据第一段第一句 In common with other countries, Britain has serious environmental problems.可知本文的中心是英国的环境问题。故填problems。
⑵根据表格的分类:时间,原因,解决办法;和表格下方的内容可知此列是环境问题的后果,故填results。
⑶本文是现在与过去的对比,故填past。注意不可用1952,因为空格前有the。
⑷根据The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories 可知填from。
⑸根据出现4,000的这句话more than 4,000 people died in London可知用Over。
⑹根据The government introduced new laws to stop smog from coal fires and factories 可知填introduced。
⑺根据Today, London is much cleaner but there is a new problem: smog from cars. 可知填cars。
⑻根据As a result, about 160 people died from pollution in just four days.可知填died。
⑼根据倒数第二段Critics say that Britain needs better and cheaper public transport.可知填cheaper。
⑽根据最后一句Some people also travel to work together in one car to reduce the pollution and the cost.可知填together。
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
8.根据短文内容,完成下面的表格。
Have you ever wondered what an American high school is really like? This article will describe a typical (典型的) high school and its students.
A typical American high school has several large buildings and enough space for about l, 500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather loan (租借) than buy them. Students must pay back if they lose any of them.
American students have different types of school transport. They usually take a yellow school bus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years old, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver's exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.
Each day, students take six or seven classes. They must take Science, Maths, English and Social Studies. They can choose Art, Homemaking, Fashion Design and other classes. In some schools students are required to take one or more of the following special classes: Health Education, Physical Education or Foreign Language Studies. Students move to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a five-minute break between classes, to give the students the time to hurry to their next class.
The regular school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students are involved in after-school activities. These activities include sports-especially football, basketball, baseball and soccer or clubs, such as yearbook, speech, school newspaper, photograph or student government.
| ________ in an American high school | |
| Outlines | Details |
| Introduction | It gives an overview of a typical American high school and its________. |
| Lockers and textbooks | Every student has a locker for textbooks and ________ clothes. They prefer loaning textbooks to ________ them. |
| ________ transport | Students usually go to school by bus or on foot. Sometimes their ________ send them to school by car. They can ________ themselves to school when they are over 16 and have passed the required tests. |
| Classes and classrooms | Students have to take main classes, elective classes and sometimes one or more ________ classes. They go to ________ classrooms for each subject. |
| After-school activities | After school most of the students take ________ in their favorite activities, including sports and clubs. |
【解析】【分析】这篇短文讲述的是美国的中学以及学生的生活是什么样子的。短文从美国中学的学生数量、学生的生活习惯、上学的交通工具、上课的情况以及课外活动等几个方面进行了描述。
⑴:这篇短文主要给我们讲述的是美国中学里的生活是什么样子的,所以这里给这篇短文定的题目应该是life in American High School,美国中学里的生活。
⑵这篇短文给我们介绍的是美国的中学以及学生的情况,在短文的第一段中This article will describe a typical high school and its students.可知,故这里应该填students。
⑶根据短文的第二段Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes.可知,每个学生都有一个锁,他们可以把他们的书和衣服放起来。故这里填outdoor。
⑷根据短文第二段中As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather loan(租借) than buy them.可知,因为教科书比较贵,学生们宁愿租借也不愿购买。故这里填buying,句型是prefer doing sth. to doing sth.,所以用ing形式。
⑸根据短文第三段的第一句话American students have different types of school transport.,美国的学生有不同的交通工具上学。故这里应该填transport,意思是交通工具。
⑹根据短文第三段中Sometimes their parents drive them to school.可知,有时候学生的家长开车送他们去上学,故这里应该填parents。
⑺根据短文第三段中When they turn 16 years of age, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students earn passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver’s exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.可知,当学生年满16岁后,他们就可以参加驾驶考试,如果通过的话,就可以自己开车上学。故填drive。
⑻根据短文的第四段In some schools students are required to take one or more of the following special classes可知,在一些学校里,学生们需要参加一两门特殊的课程。故填special。
⑼根据短文第四段中Students move to different classrooms for each subject.可知,对于每一门科目,学生们都要去不同的教室。故填different。
⑽根据短文的最后一段可知,放学后,大多数学生都会参加一些他们喜爱的活动,包括体育运动和俱乐部。take part in 的意思是参加。
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
9.根据短文内容,完成下面的表格。
Dear Know,
I need some advice on how to make friends! I have just moved to a new city. I am 13. I don't know anybody here and I want to make some friends. What's the best way? Where can I meet people?
Yours,
Tony
Dear Tony,
There are lots of things you can do. First, you can ride your bike in your neighbourhood and try to find some kids. When you find some, you can go up and talk to them. You should also let your parents know that you want to make friends because they can help you. Maybe you can ask your parents to take you to the library or some places where there are lots of kids. You could try joining an art class or a sports club. These are all great ways to meet people. You can also try making friends at churches (教堂) if you go to churches on Sundays. Try to be active wherever you are, but just be yourself and don't try so hard. It takes time and patience. I hope you will find a best friend soon!
Yours,
Know
| Tony's problem: He doesn't know how to make ________. | ||
| Know's advice | Places to meet other kids | Neighbourhood, the ________ and churches. |
| Activities | Join an art class or a sports ________. | |
| Ways to behave | Try to be ________, but don't try too ________. | |
【解析】【分析】
⑴根据第一段第一句I need some advice on how to make friends! 可知Tony不知道怎样交朋友,故填friends。
⑵第二段Know提到了在neighbourhood骑自行车;跟父母去library;周日去教堂等孩子们多的地方可以交到朋友。故填library。
⑶根据第二段提到You could try joining an art class or a sports club.可知参加艺术课或运动俱乐部可以交到朋友。故填club。
⑷⑸根据最后Try to be active wherever you are, but just be yourself and don't try so hard. 可知Know建议Tony要积极,但是做真实的自己就好了,不要强求。故填active和hard、
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
10.阅读下面材料,根据其内容,完成阅读任务。
American schools are quite different from those in China. In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select (挑选) their subjects and teachers first.
Selecting is very important for your marks in America. So at the first term, don't select too many subjects, or you'll feel very nervous and tired. Then you have to ask for some teaching plans. There is some information about subjects, time arranging, marks and textbooks. At the same time, you must choose the teachers. Different teachers have different teaching methods. If the teacher is called "killer" by the last grade, many students will give up choosing him, because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework, too many exams and give too low grades. There is another thing after you select the subjects and teachers. How to buy textbooks makes each student feel hard. The textbooks in America are very expensive. Each one is about $30—50. In order to save money, many students buy some used textbooks, and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library.
In class, discussing is very important. The teacher encourages you to ask questions or show your own opinions. They don't usually ask you to sit well. Instead they allow you to sit or stand anywhere you like.
| Students | ⒈________ must be selected at the beginning of the term. ⒉At the first term, students can't select too many subjects, or they'll feel very ________ . ⒊Students can't select teachers called ________ . ⒋Many students buy some used textbooks ________ . |
| Teachers | ⒈The teachers encourage students to ask questions or show their opinions. ⒉They allow students to sit or stand anywhere they like instead of ________. |
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国教育与中国教育的不同。
(1)根据In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select (挑选) their subjects and teachers first.可知在新学期开始学生选择科目和老师,故填Subjects and teachers/ Teachers and subjects。
(2)根据So at the first term, don't select too many subjects, or you'll feel very nervous and tired.可知在第一学期,学生们不能选择太多科目,否则他们将感到紧张和疲劳,故填nervous and tired。
(3)根据If the teacher is called "killer" by the last grade, many students will give up choosing him,可知学生们不选择的老师被叫做杀手,故填killers。
(4)根据In order to save money, many students buy some used textbooks可知为了节省钱,许多学生买二手书,用to do不定式表目的,故填to save money。
(5)根据They don't usually ask you to sit well. Instead they allow you to sit or stand anywhere you like.可知他们不经常让你坐好,而是允许你坐在或者站在你喜欢的地方,of是介词,所以后面的sit的ing形式,即sitting,故填sitting well。
【点评】考查任务型阅读,首先读懂题意,然后带着问题仔细从文中寻找答案。下载本文