agree partly－>agree with reserve
ancient －>immemorial
although－>notwithstanding
arouse－>stimulate/spur/motivate
because－>in that/considering/owing to/in respect that/seeing that/ given that
prejudice－>bias/discriminate/tendency
big city－>metropolis
but－>nonetheless/nevertheless/whereas
chance－>alternative
change－>alter/convert reform/shift/transform
personality /character－>individuality/identity
consider－>take into account/contemplate/ponder doing
custom－>convention/tradition
represent －>symbolize/exemplify
detail－>specific
devote to－>dedicate to/bend oneself to/commit oneself to/apply oneself to/be buried to/employ oneself to/(be) engage(d)in/(be) embark(ed) on/address oneself to
stress－>put emphasis on/highlight /attach importance to something
expect－>anticipate doing
explain－>interpret(偏重于解释)/illustrate demonstrate testify witness reveal(偏重于说明证实)
mainly－>primarily
get into chaos－>with chaos ensuing
make－>render
hand in－>render/submit
disagree－>frown on/disapprove of
harmful－>detrimental dreadful, unfavorable
hardly－>merely/barely/little if anything/little or nothing
in fact－>virtually
join－>participate
like－>adore/desire to/be enthusiastic about/favor/fancy
imagine －>contrive/contemplate/envisage/fancy
agree－>favor/approve/side with/subscribe to
key－>crucial/vital/consequential/critical/conclusive
important－>essential/indispensable/significant/vital/paramount
matter－>signify/spell/count/dominate
mean－>signify/indicate/stand for
incredible－>miraculous/marvelous
limit－>interfere disturb/hinder/obstruct
may be－>probably/presumably
hunger－>feminine
obvious－>evident/distinct/conspicuous/transparent/striking/apparently/distinctly
surface －>ostensible/exterior
provide－>render sb sth/furnish with/administer sth to/extend
adapt －>accommodate
think－>contemplate doing
hold opinion－>harbor the idea that /take the attitude that /stick to/adhere to
thrive－>flourish/prosper
common －>shared/universal/prevalent
increase－>mount/proliferate/spring up mushroom snowball/boom/soar
through－>in term of/via
to sum－>to summarize/generalize(还有popularize推广的意思)
use－>employ/utilize
value－>merit
want－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to/be likely to/be subject to/be liable to/be apt to
advantage－>merit/flashpoint/strongpoint
disadvantage－>shortcoming/flaw/drawback/defect/demerit
cooperate－>collaborate
borrow/lend－>loan
finish－>complete/catch up on/get through/fulfill
be met with－>encounter/confront
reduce－>decline/descend/drop off/shrink
popular－>prevail/prevalent/epidemic/vogue/catch on
throw away－>discard/abandon/abolish/ban/prohibit doing
too much－>exceedingly/beyond measure/unreasonably/fairly
very－> exceedingly/extremely/intensely
development－>evolution/advance
all around－>extensive/comprehensive
improve promote－>advance/enhance
donate －>give away/subscribe
book－>subscribe to
enough－>adequate/sufficient
alternative: “其他的办法”，比如an alternative is that
method－>approach / channel go through… channel /strategy+to do/avenue
arrival－>approach/advent
strict tight －>harsh/drastic/stringent
investment/money－>capital / fund/make investment into
good excellent－>remarkable/distinguished/outstanding
on the contrary，on the other hand－> in contrast:/ conversely/when the situation is reserved
describe－> depict
get worse－> deteriorate
invent－>devise/contrive。
problem argument－> controversy dispute
quarrel argue－>dispute about/over
Cannot－> fail to do /can’t afford to do
selfish －>self-centered
aspect－>dimension/phase/sphere/facet
offspring－>descendant
many－>a host of/a troop of/a wealth of/loads of
get many benefits－> reap huge fruits
Wrong－> misleading
follow－>observe/adhere to/stick to
easily－>readily
Respect－>esteem sb for
primary－>elementary/fundamental/principal/radical/substantial
meaningful－>rewarding
shortage－>scarcity
future －>outlook/prospect
magnificent－>spectacular
poor－>stricken
solution－>remedy(n/vt)
in my opinion－> from my own perspective
customer－> shopper/client/consumer/purchaser,
sb take interest in / sb be interested in sth－> appeals to sb/sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb
attract one's attention－> capture one's attention
indicate, suggest ,fear －>be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful o
pay attention to－> pour attention into
for example, for instance－> to name only a few, as an example
nearly －> next to
abundant－> ample/plentiful
near－>adjacent/adjoin/in the vicinity od
top－>peak/ summit
competitor－>rival/opponent
blame－>condemn
opinion－>perspective/standpoint
build－>erect
shame－>disgrace/humiliate
complain－>grumble/gripe/groan/moan/
relieve－>alleviate
Exaggerate－>magnify
lonely－>solitary
small—>minuscule/minute
poor(贫瘠的)—>barren/ infertile
always—>invariably
surprise—>startle/astonish
enthusiasm—>zeal
boring—>tedious
only—>unique
part—>component
result—>consequence
field—>domain/sphere/scope
wet—>moist/damp/humid
careful—>cautious
ability—>capacity/ capability/faculty/expertise/competence
short—>fleeting
scholarship—>fellowship
angry—>enraged/furious/irritated/cross
ugly—>hideous
attractive—>appealing/absorbing/compelling
best—>optimal
sharp(剧烈的 严重的 表程度)—>acute/severe/ intense/violent
unbelievable—>inconceivable
rare—>infrequent
Part two
提出 advance/come up with/put forward/bring forward/address
引起 occasion/generate/induce/give rise to/trigger off
由…引起产生于 ensue from/originate from/be derived from/stem from/be induced by妨碍的人或物 obstruction/obstacle/dam/hindrance
不一致 冲突clash/conflict/collide with
把…当作 label as/interpret/reckon/deem as
可行的practicable/applicable / feasible / workable
执行实施 enforce fulfill execute conduct administer implement practice
Part three
considerable: “相当大，相当多的”，非常常用的修饰语，比如considerable changes就是相当大的变化。
accelerate: 后面接名词，表示“加速”，中性词，好事坏事都能用。
be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念
guard against: “留心，警惕”，后面使用名词型结构
copy / repeat ones experience / success: “接见别人的经验，成功经验”。
resolve difference: “消除分歧，差异”，常用写作词组。
rewarding: “有收效，有回报的”，用在方法手段或法规的内容上。
threaten: “威胁到，危及”，后面接诸如环境，发展，进步等单词。
traditionally: “过去”，用于替代in the past。
a range of / a series of / a string of/an array of/a sequence of “一系列”，特别是后两个单词通常都用在消极概念前边，可以用作修饰语，增加文章长度。
maintain: “一贯认为，坚持认为”，一般写成somebody maintains that，后面使用完整的句子，用来替代think, believe。
sharply， dramatically，drastically。这三个单词一般都用在消极的单词上。积极的用greatly, remarkably, strikingly
eliminate: “消除”，用于写作与社会消极问题有关的文章。
emerge as: “逐渐崛起并成为”，这个词组虽然很短，但是含义非常复杂，可以用在文章的开头，表达某种事物或社会现象从无到有，并迅速传播。比如 Internet has emerged as an indispensable channel for people to exchange information。
exercise: “行使”，后面接表示“权利”的词汇。The government must be careful in its exercise of power 在行使其权力时必须小心谨慎。
fresh / novel: “新的”，比如fresh idea等，都可以用来替代我们经常使用的new。
fulfill: “完成，取得”，记住以下词组，fulfill the task, fulfill the dream, fulfill the role。
give priority to something: “重视，优先考虑”。
household: “家庭”，这个词偏重的家庭生活中的设备，物质概念，因此，比如计算机，汽车等设备进入家庭，就应当用enter the household，而不是我们用的home或family。
be ignorant about something: “对…没有引起足够重视”，表示没有意识到。
incident: “不良事件”，比如incident of pollution，incident of fake commodity等等，表示出现上述不良情况。
it is generally established that: “众所周知，公认”。
evaluate: “研究分析”，可以同situation这样的词搭配使用，表示认真考虑，仔细研究。
excessive: “过度的”，这个词在表达消极概念时都可以做修饰语，如果是动词，比如exploit/tap“开发”，就可以说tap something excessively。
exchange: 这个词才是文化，教育等方面的“交流”，而不是communication。
Launch a campaign to to 大力开展……活动
it is widely shared that/it is universally acknowledged that 众所周知下载本文
