1） Whether you are a smoker or nonsmoker, you should take measures to protect your lungs.
2） Happiness is easy to find and easy to lose. It depends on the way you look at life.
3） Communication with other people by telephone is very convenient, especially when you have something urgent to say.
4） It’s high time that college students got to know the world outside the campus.
5） A dictionary is a living teacher. Whenever you come across a new word, just consult it and you will get a clear definition.
2．交代背景法。 开篇就把事情的时间、地点、人物及情景等交代清楚。这种方法多用于叙述文和描写文。
1） It was cold and bleak in the late winter. The night was dark; nor star could be seen in the gloomy and dismal sky. The north wind was howling dreadfully outside the house, like the screams of some wounded wild beasts.
2） Today is my birthday. It is the first time that I spend my birthday in the United States. Being alone and far away from home, I intended to spend the day quietly all by myself.
3） Not very far from my house lies the seashore in the south. We can go there on foot in about ten minutes. In summer evening when the sun is setting, …
3. 提出问题法。用问题引出文章的主题，以激起读者的阅读兴趣。其后可以针对这个问题进行解答，这样 也就展开了段落。适用于各种文体。如：
1） What is success? Different people may give different answers to this question. Some people think that…
2） What makes life worth living? There are many possible answers to this question, such as…
3） Have you ever said “No” to anyone who asks you for help? Once a close friend of mine aksed me to take an English exam for him…
4） Can wealth bring happiness? Different people have different opinions about this. Some people take it for granted that wealth is the source of happiness. Other people…
5） Wealth or health, which is more important? Some young people think that they are young and in good health, and that the most important thing for them is to make more money.
4. 名言警句法。用人们耳熟能详的谚语、习语、警句、名人名言来开篇可以增强文章的说服力。但要注意 所引述的名言警句最好要有 “名”,家喻户晓的。另外，如果是用直接引语，应该准确。如：
1) A proverb says, “Time is money.” But in my opinion, time is even more precious than money. Because…
2) As an old saying goes, “Art is long, but life is short.”We have only limited time to obtain unlimited knowledge.
3) “Knowledge is a power”. Such is the remark made by Francis Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.
4) “Practice makes perfect.”This self-evident proverb means doing something repeatedly is the way to become very good at it.
5.数据统计法。 引用一些具体、翔实的统计数据引出文章的主题，然后论述、解释、说明你要表达的思想。这样的开头可信度高，说服力强，要注意引用数据或数字一定要准确。此法多用于说明文和议论文，图表作文时用得最多。如：
1) Unemployment rose from 7.5% to 7.8% in July 2002, the highest rate since January of that year, the Labour Department reported.
2) According to a recent poll. 61 percent of American high school students have admitted to cheating on an exam at least once.
6.比较对比法。在作文的开头把人们熟悉的人或物放在一起，分析它们相似之处或不同之处。通过比较、对比，使读者有深刻的认识和理解。如：
1） All people will agree that without water no living things can survive. But not all people have realized that fresh water can be used up. Some say:“There is inexhaustible fresh water in rivers, wells, lakes and so on.”
2） The relationship between a teacher and a student can be good or bad, helpful or harmful. Either way, the relationship can affect the student for the rest of his life. A good teacher-student relationship will make learning enjoyable and interesting, whereas a bad teacher-student relationship can discourage the student from learning and make teaching an unpleasant task.
7.定义法。就是对文章要阐述的主题或对文章题目中的词汇、所持观点或所提事物首先进行定义，然后通过举例、逻辑推理等方法加以详细说明或论述。常用于说明文或议论文。如：
1) Self-confidence means trusting in one’s own ability. As a very important psychological quality, It brings you creative power, arouses your enthusiasm and helps you overcome difficulties.
2) Democracy is a form of government in which the ultimate authority is vested in and exercised by the people.
3) Patriotism means the love of one’s country. It makes one ready to sacrifice one’s life for his country and to do many other things.下载本文
