1.1 THE COMPENTS OF THE ROTARY DRILLING RIG钻机系统的组成
1.1.1 Hoisting System 提升系统
sub structure 井架底座，底部结构
derrick (mask) 井架
crown block 天车
traveling block 游动滑车
wire line (drill line) 钢丝绳，钻井大绳
deadline 死绳
air hoist 气压提升机，气压提升绞车
drilling rig (drilling machine) 钻机
drawwork 绞车
drum 滚筒
brake crank (handle, bar) 刹把
hydraulic brake 水刹车
electric brake 电磁刹车
mechanical friction device 机械磨擦装置
cathead 猫头
elevator 吊卡
slip type casing elevator 卡瓦型套管吊卡
pipe elevator 钻杆吊卡
slip 卡瓦
safety slip 安全卡瓦
collar rotary slip 环形钻铤转盘卡瓦
drill pipe rotary slips 环形钻杆转盘卡瓦
links 连杆
hook 大钩
hook load 大钩负荷
hook speed 大钩速度
hook weight 大钩悬重
DF (drill floor) 钻台
monkey board 二层台
1.1.2 Circulating & Solids Control System 循环及固控系统
drilling mud (drilling fluid) 钻井泥浆，钻井液
water mud 淡水泥浆
water-base mud 水基泥浆
salt mud 盐水泥浆
salt-base mud 盐水基泥浆
oil-base mud 油基泥浆
oilemuision 油包水泥浆，石油乳浊液
mud property 泥浆性能
mud weight out/in 泥浆密度 进/出
mud density out/in 泥浆密度 进/出
mud viscosity 泥浆粘度
mud conductivity 泥浆电导率
mud resistivity 泥浆电阻
PH-value PH值
water loss 失水
sand content 含砂量
gel strength 静切力
mud cake 泥饼
mud cake effect 泥饼效应
mud filtrate 泥浆滤液
mud loss 泥浆漏失
mud column 泥浆液柱
mud sample 泥浆试样
mud stability 泥浆稳定性
mud pump (pump) 泥浆泵
pump body 泵体
pump capacity (discharge) 泵排量（泵容量）
pump displacement 泵排量
pump output 泵排量
pump efficiency 泵效率
pump stroke 泵冲程
pump cylinder 缸套
mud pump rod 泥浆泵拉杆
piston 活塞
mud room 泵房
mud line 泥浆管线
choke line 地面管汇
high pressure line 高压管线
standpipe 立管
standpipe valve 立管闸门
hose 水龙带
swivel 水龙头
swivel bail 水龙头吊环
swivel sub (joint) 水龙头接头
swivel stem 水龙头中心管
gooseneck 鹅颈管
wash pipe 冲管
wash pipe swivel 冲管旋转接头
kelly 方钻杆
kelly cock 方钻杆上旋塞
kelly dog nut 方钻杆下旋塞
HWDP height weight drillpipe 加重钻杆
DP drillpipe 钻杆
DC drill collar 钻铤
spiral collar 螺旋钻铤
pony DC (collar) 短钻铤
NMDC non-monel collar 无磁钻铤
tool joint 钻具接头
sub (joint) 接头
tool joint box 接头母扣
tool joint pin 接头公扣
X-O (crossover) subs 配合接头（转换接头）
shock sub 减震接头
bumper sub 缓冲器接头
bit sub 钻头接头
dart sub 投入式止回阀阀座
flex sub 柔性短接
string stabilizer (pin ×box) 钻具扶正器（公扣对母扣）
near bit stabilizer (box ×box) 扶正器（母扣对母扣）
centrallizer 扶正器
bumpers (shock absorber) 减震器
drilling junk basket 随钻打捞杯
drilling jar 随钻震击器
jar 震击器
BHA bottomhole assembly 下部钻具总成
HDRT high data rate tool 高速数据传输钻具（MWD用）
drill stem (drill string) 钻柱
bit 钻头
drag bit (blade bit) 刮刀钻头
cone bit (roller bit) 牙轮钻头
tri-cone bit 三牙轮钻头
jet bit 喷射式牙轮钻头
core drilling bit 取心钻头
milled tooth bit 铣齿钻头
insert bit 镶齿钻头
gauge insert bit 保径镶齿钻头
diamond bit 金刚石钻头
bit cone 钻头牙轮
bit size 钻头尺寸
bit cost 钻头成本
bit record 钻头记录
bit type 钻头类型
bit jets 钻头水眼
bit nozzle 钻头喷嘴
TFA total flow area 钻头水眼总流量面积
bit consumption 钻头用量
bit footage 钻头进尺
bit factor 钻头因素
bit grading 钻头磨损等级
bit-tooth dullness 钻头牙齿磨钝程度
bit life 钻头寿命
bit HHP hydraulic horsepower 钻头水马力
hole opener 扩眼器
underreamer 管下扩眼器
annular 环空
wellhead 井口
flowline 架空管线
shale shaker 震动筛
mud tank (mud pits) 泥浆罐
suction pit 进口罐
setting pit 沉砂罐
waste pit 泥浆坑
desander 除砂器
desilter 除泥器
degasser 除气器
mud cleaner 清洁器
centrifuge 离心机
agitator 搅拌机
1.1.3 Rotary System 旋转系统
prime mover 原动机
diesel engine 柴油机
engine 引擎
rotary table 转盘
rotary base 转盘底座
rotary chain 转盘传动链条
KB kelly bushing 方钻杆补心
roller type bushing 滚子方补心
master bushing 转盘补心
slip type casing spider 卡瓦型套管卡盘
tongs 大钳，吊钳
lead tongs 内钳
back-up tongs 外钳
hydraulic tongs 液压大钳
chain tongs 链钳
pipe tongs (spanner) 管钳
spinning chain 旋链
power tongs 动力大钳
spanning wrench 旋转扳手
1.1.4 Blowout Prevention System 防喷系统
kick 井涌
blowout 井喷
blowout control 井控
blowout control equipment 井控设备
blowout hookup 防喷装置
BOP blowout prevention 防喷器
annular ram prevention （万能）环形防喷器
pipe rams （半封）闸板防喷器
blind rams 盲板全封式防喷器
shear rams 剪切闸板式全封防喷器
blowout plug 防喷塞
blowout preventer of three stage packer 三级密封式防喷器
control console 控制台
remote control console 远程控制台
conductor line 导管
choke line manifold 节流管线
fill line 灌浆管线
kill line 压井管线
emergency line 紧急压井管线
chokes 节流阀
hydraulic valve 液压阀
gas buster 泥气分离器
poor boy 泥气分离器
choke pressure 节流压力
blowout prevention procedure 防喷措施
1.1.5 Motion Compensation System 运动补偿系统
offshore floating rigs 海上浮式钻机
drillstring compensator 钻柱补偿器
sea level 海平面
sea floor 海底
deck 甲板
air pressure vessels 空气压力容器
hydraulic cylinder assembles 液压缸总成
piston rod 活塞杆
standard hook assembles 标准大钩总成
riser 隔水导管
guideline tensioner 导索拉紧装置
control panel 控制盘
guide base 导引底盘
marine riser 海中隔水导管
moon pool 月形开口
riser tensioner 隔水导管拉紧装置
1.2 WELLS & DRILLING CRAFT 井与钻井工艺流程
well, drilling well 井，钻井
wildcat well 预探，初探井
delineation well 探边井
development well 生产井，开发井
satellite well 丛式井
injection well 注水井
direction well 定向井
deviation well 斜井
COST continental offshore stratigraphic test well（美）近海地层探井
to rig up 安装（钻机）
to install the equipment 安装设备
to get drill pipes in order 排钻具
to measure & inspect drillstring 仗量，检查钻具
to measure the length of drill pipes &drill collars 量钻杆，量钻铤
to nipple up BOP 装封井器
to spud in 开钻
to turn on the pumps 开泵
to circulate, circulation 循环
circulate to the bottom up 完全循环
reserve circulation 反循环
bit break-in procedure 磨合钻头
reaming 扩眼
drilling 钻进
coring drilling 取心钻进
rough drilling (bouncing of drilling tool) 跳钻
bit bouncing 蹩钻
reverse rotation (running) 车
correct drift 纠斜
lost circulation 井漏
slough (cave-in) 井塌
to stop the pump 停泵
PC pipe connection 接单根
make a joint 接单根
wire line survey 吊测
deviation survey 测斜
to change the shaker screen 换筛布
to repair the pump 修泵
to break down a joint 卸一个单根
to slug the pipe 往钻杆内打重泥浆
POOH to pull out of hole 起钻
to trip out the hole 起钻
touch sticking 遇卡
pulling a piston 拔活塞
to lubricate rig (drawwork) 保养钻机（绞车）
to repair rig 维修钻机
to cut & slip the drillline 倒大绳
to clean the mud tank 清罐
well logging, E-log 电测
SWC sidewall coring 井壁取心
DST drill stem test 钻杆中途测试
to running casing, casing 下套管
surface casing 表层套管
intermediate casing 技术套管
liner 尾管
to running cementing 固井
to squeeze cement 挤水泥
WOC wait on cement 侯凝
to nipple up BOP 换装封井器
to install the BOP 装封井器
to test BOP 封井器试压
to change bit, bit change 换钻头
RIH run in hole 下钻
to trip in 下钻
touchdown, touching resistance 遇阻
RTO round trip operation 起下钻作业
short tripping 短起下钻
reaming 划眼
to cement plug , plug back 打水泥塞
side tracking 侧钻
to kick off 造斜
KOD kick off depth 造斜深度
KOP kick off point 造斜点
to hang up 意外停机
to survey the flowout 监测溢流
flow check 溢流检查
WOO wait on order 等指令
WOW wait on weather 等天气
WOL wait on logging 等测井
WOE wait on equipment 等设备
WOFT wait on fishing tools 等打捞工具
to finish drilling 完钻
to running the liner 挂尾管
to plug-back 填井
final testing 完井测试
to install the Chirstmas tree (production) 装采油树
well completion 完井
to prevent sticking 防卡
to prevent caving 防塌
to prevent loss of circulation 防漏
to prevent blowout 防喷下载本文
