代词思维流程
考点一：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词：
| 类型 | 形式 | 句法功能 |
| 主格 | I, you, he, she, it, we， you, they | 作主语 |
| 宾格 | me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them | 作动词或介词的宾语；口语中常用宾格作表语 |
| 形代 | my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their | 位于名词前作定语 |
| 名代 | mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs | 作主语、宾语或表语 |
| 反身代词 | myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves | 作宾语、表语或同位语 |
1.以下情况用宾格：
(1.)在be后作表语： —Who is knocking at the door? —It’s ________(I).
(2.)在单独使用或带not的简略回答中: —Who broke the cup? —Me!（Not me!）
—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. —Why ________ (I)？John is sitting there doing nothing.
2.在强调结构中常用主格： It was ______(him) who did it. It is she who________(want) these clothes.
Sorry, it’s ________ (I)who am impolite to you, so I apologize to you.
3.忽略人称代词（主、宾格）后接名词作同位语的用法：
It’s necessary for_________(we) students to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings.
The boss wants________(you) girls to go to the ariport to pick up the company’s guests.
The monitor pointed out in his speech that_________(we) students should develop good relations with our teachers.
4.介词+the+身体部位，不能用形容词性物主代词代替the:
The policeman took the thief by________ collar and sent him to the police station.
I don’t know why he looked very angry when I patted him on________ head.
5.反身代词作宾语、表语或同位语:
Scientists have discovered remarkable evidence showing how the body rebuilds_________(it) while we sleep.
My daught often makes a schedule to get_________(her) reminded of what she is to do in the day.
I really wish parents would leave their children to work things out for_________(them).
I________(I) made the mistake about your address.
6.反身代词作同位语可以放在与之同位的名词或代词之后，亦可放在句末。
They________(they) decided to go to see it. They decided to go to see it________(they).
7.常用反身代词的惯用语：
by oneself独自地 for oneself亲自 to oneself独享 of oneself自动地
come to oneself苏醒；恢复知觉 dress oneself自己穿衣 lose oneself迷失方向
behave yourself举止规矩有礼 devote oneself to致力于 say to oneself自言自语
apply oneself to致力于 help oneself to随便吃/用 enjoy oneself玩得开心
seat oneself就座，入席 make oneself at home别客气 teach oneself自学
adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于
考点二：指示代词:
| 指示代词 | 用法 |
| this/these | 指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物；this可指下文将要谈到的人或物 |
| that/those | 指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；that 可指上文提到过的人或物 |
| such | 指代前面所叙述的人或事物。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词或代词的数 |
| so | 代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情，意思是“如此，这样”。在believe, think, expect, suppose, imagine, guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点 |
1.this指后面要讲的事（启下），that指前面讲到过的事（承上）
What I want to say is_______：you should grasp every minute to finish your work.
He hurt his leg yesterday. ________ is why he didn’t come.
2.that与those可替代前面出现过的单数、复数名词，以避免重复。
The quality of education in this small school is better than__________ in some larger schools.(2015·天津高考单选)
这所规模很小的学校的教学质量比有些规模较大的学校的教学质量还要好。
The role change from husband to father, although difficult, doesn’t seem so great as______ from wife to mother.
These animals live in conditions similar to_________existing millions of years ago, when animals began making the transition from water onto land.
3.this,that可用作副词，表示程度（相当于so）
I can’t speak this well. Is the box that heavy?
4.(1.)such作为指示代词在句中充当主语（注意主谓一致）
Such_______(be)my friends who will never fail to help me when needed.
________is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
(2.)such作定语为形容词，such+(a/an)+adj.+n.或no/any/all+such+n.
Such an embarrassing situation came up in the conference. There is no such a man here. (改错)
5.so作指示代词，代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情。
I think/believe/expect/suppose/imagine/guess so. 我想如此。
或I don’tthink/believe/expect/suppose/imagine/guess so. 我想不会这样。
——It’s going to rain this evening.
——I hope ______./I hope______.我希望下。/我希望不下。或I’m afraid______./I’m afraid________.
——I hear Johonson was badly injured in the accident. ——If________, let’s go and see him.
考点三：one，ones, the one, the ones, that，those, it作替代词时的区别：
| 替代词 | 用 法 |
| one | 替代上文单数可数名词，表泛指，同类异物，相当于“a/an＋单数名词” |
| ones | one的复数形式，替代上文出现的名词复数，表泛指，同类异物 |
| that | 替代上文出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词，表特指，同类不同一，相当于“the＋单数名词/不可数名词”，一般不和冠词连用，其后总有修饰语. that= the one |
| those | that的复数形式，替代上文出现的复数名词(尤其是有后置定语时)，表特指，同类不同一,those=the ones |
| it | 替代上文提到的同类同物，不能带任何修饰语 |
When it comes to buying computers, I prefer a computer less than 10,000yuan to________ over the amount.
I just choose a simpler lifestyle, __________ where I can ride my bike all over and do not have to make a great living to survive.
A scientist who can speak English is in closer touch with those of other countries than ________ who doesn’t.
In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from________(或the one)in the UK.
The traffic on the main street has a longer green signal than ________ (或the one)on the small ones.
Waves of red light are about twice as long as__________(或the ones) of blue light.
考点四：either，both，neither，all，none用法：
| either | 肯定意义 | 表示两者中的任何一个，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 |
| both | 肯定意义 | 表示“两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数 |
| neither | 否定意义 | 表示“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 |
| all | 肯定意义 | 表示“三者都”，作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一致 |
| none | 否定意义 | 表示“两者都不”，作主语后接复数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数 |
—I’m sorry. __________ will suit me. I’ll be away on business during that period.
Mr. Robert didn’t choose any of the three jackets because he found_________ of them satisfactory.
My parents had meant to come to see me, but it turned out that________ of them could spare some time to.
To fall asleep, I have tried several ways but it seems that__________ works.
It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which________ of the parents spoke the language.
易错点：
1.不定代词与部分否定：all, both,every-等与not连用构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，则需换用none, neither,no-等。
All horses are animals, but not all animals are horses.=All horses are animals, but all animals are not horses.
所有的马都是动物，但是并不是所有的动物都是马。
Not all of the students like the novel.= All of the students don’t like the novel. 并不是所有学生都喜欢这本小说。
None of the students likes the novel. 学生中没有一个喜欢这本小说。
I haven’t read________ of his new works, but judging from the one I have read, I think he’s a vray promising writer.
_________ of the dictionaries are not bilingual, that is, some of them are either English-English or English-Chinese.
考点五：the other, other, another, others用法：
| other | other泛指“别的；其他的”，构成other+cn.复 |
| others | others单独使用，泛指“别的；其他的”，构成some...others...“一些……另一些……” |
| the other | the other特指“两者中的另一个”，构成one...the other...“一个……另一个……”，其复数形式the others特指“在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，其余的人或物” |
| another | another可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指“另一个”，构成another+ cn.单，另外another可构成another+num.+cn.复，表示“另外几个” |
No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would like to accept the conditions of_________.
To some people life is enjoyable, while to_________ it is suffering.
—Hurry up！There’s a bus coming! —Why run？There will be ________ one in two or three minutes.
Shopping on the Internet enables people not to search for goods from one store to __________.
Helping ________ people in danger is a good virtue.
To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ___________.
易错点：
1.other与else的区别：other位于名词前；else只能放在符合不定代词或疑问词后面。
Is there anything_______ you want? Who _________ is there in the house?
First, it’s important to recognize what knid of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone____.
2.any+ cn.单，用于肯定句中，表“任何一个”——不同范围比较
any other+cn.单，用于肯定句中，表“任何一个”——同范围比较
He studies harder than any ________ student in the class. China is larger than _______country in Africa.
3.注意以下固定用法：
each other=one another 相互 one after another 一个接一个
The two friends were so pleased to see each________ that they forgot anything else.
They looked into each__________ eyes for a long time.
考点六：复合不定代词用法：
| -body | -one | -thing | -where | |
| some-某一 | somebody | someone | something | somewhere |
| any-任何 | anybody | anyone | anything | anywhere |
| no-没有 | nobody | no one | nothing | nowhere |
| every-每一 | everybody | everyone | everything | everywhere |
The film is very humorous but_________ can be enjoyed unless you understand English culture.
He kept the money without_________ knowing where it is.
Victor certainly cares too much about himself, in fact he’s never interested in what_________ else is doing.
易错点：
1.复合不定代词被定语（adj.或to do）修饰时，定语放在其后面。
It is obvious that___________ necessary should be done to prevent people from doing damage to our environment.
It is our desire that the homeless people should be offered somewhere_____________(live).
2.指人的复合不定代词用作主语，相应的人称代词用he,him或they, them;
指物的复合不定代词用作主语，相应的人称代词用it，不用they
Everyone knows the exact time of the meeting, doesn’t_______?(或do _________?)
If anybody comes, ask________(或_______) to wait.
Everything is ready, isn’t________?
考点七：many和much用法：
易错点：
1.much可作副词，用作状语，表示程度；
It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. (改错)
The number of people present at the concert was many smaller than expected. There were many tickets left. (改错)
考点八：no one, none, nothing用法：
| 代词 | 指代 | 可数与不可数 | 回答how many | 回答who | 回答what | 跟of结构 |
| none | 人或物 | cn. un. | √ | √ | ||
| no one | 人 | cn. | √ | |||
| nothing | 物 | cn. un. | √ |
——Who was late today ——_________.
——What is that in the bottle? ——_________.
The man had expected to see all his relatives when in hospital, but________ came to see him while many of his friends offered him their help.
Nowadays we take washing machines for granted, but there was_________ before 1869.
I need some black ink badly, but there’s__________ at hand.
考点九：each和every用法：
| 代词 | 词性 | 意义 | 作用 | 范围 | 与of搭配 |
| each | pron. adj. | 每个（强调个体） | 主、表、同位语、定语 | ≥2 | 可each of the+n.复 |
| every | adj. | 每个（强调整体） | 定语 | ≥3 | 不可every+n.单 |
_________ professional violinist practices for several hours a day, but________ violinist has his own way of playing the Beethoven concert.
Each of the students in our class________(show) great interest in table tennis and they each________(have) a table tennis bat.下载本文
