2010年6月Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more 36. curious, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and 37. Figuring things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and 38. Independent than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very39. unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and 40. interacting with the world and people around him, and without any school-type 41. formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and 42. abstract than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the 43. Mystery of language. He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists – and44. he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriately He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, 45. by trying it out and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and refining it
until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, 46. including many of the concepts that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.
2009年12月In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be (36) classified into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process. Factual writing provides (37) background information on an author, composer or artist or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or (38) album cover and longer pieces, such as an article describing a style of music which you might read in a music (39) appreciation course. This kind of writing provides a (40) context for your study of the humanities.As its name (41) implies, descriptive writing simply describes or provides an (42) image of, a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43) instruments a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures of sounds in the readers’ mind by calling up specific details of the work. (44) Descriptive writing in humanity, particularly in literature is often mixed with critical writing.Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result. (45) It tells the reader how to do something, for example, explaining the technique used to show a film. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an art has created a certain effect is important. (46)Authors may actually use more than one type of techniques in the given piece of informational writing.
2009年06月Directions : In this section , you will hear a passage three times .When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea . When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written .
Around 120 years ago, Ebbinghaus began his study of memory. He36 concentrated.on studying how quickly the human mind can remember 37 information . One result of his research is known as the total time hypothesis(假设), which simply means the amount you learn 38 depends on the time you spend trying to learn it . This can be taken as our first rule of learning. Although it is usually true that studying for four hours is better than studying for one, there is still the question of how we should use the four hours. For example, is it better to study for four hours (39 straight or to study for one hour a day for four days in a 40 row ?. The answer, as you may have 41 suspected, is that it is better to spread out the study times. This 42 phenomenon , through which we can learn more 43 efficiently.by dividing our practice time, is known as the distribution of practice effect. Thus, 44 our second rule of learning is this: it is better to study fairly briefly but often。 But we’re not finished yet. We haven’t considered how we should study over very short periods of time. 45 Let’s say you are trying to learn some new and rather difficult English vocabulary using a stack of cards。
.Should you look at the same word in rapid succession, or look at the word and then have some delay before you look at it again ? 46 The answer is it is better to space out the presentations of the word you are to learn。
2008年12月Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the 36 trendwill continue through the next few decades.Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new37 phenomenonhas appeared on the world38 scene rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few39 offences. Street crimes such as robbery, rape 40 murderand auto theft are clearly rising41 particularlyin eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.What is driving this crime 42 explosion?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) 43 associatedwith rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混杂) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government, 44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.These conditions are increasingly observable around the world . For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同种类的) ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece 45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and 46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.
2008年06月We're now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. Physical36. labor, raw materials, and capital are no longer the key 37.ingredients in the creation of wealth. Now, the38.vital raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow's wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And39. individuals entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers40.engage in mind work. They deal with symbols: words, 41.figures and data.What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be 42. generating, processing, as well as exchanging information. 43. Currently three out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike44. will be making decisions in such areas as product development, quality control, and customer satisfaction. In the new world of work, you can look forward to being in constant training 45. to acquire new skills that will help you keep up with improved technologies and procedures. You can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone are the nine-five jobs. lifetime security, predictable promotions, and even the conventional workplace, as you are familiar with. 46. Don't expect the companies will provide you with a clearly defined career path, and don’t wait for someone to “empower” you. You have to empower yourself.
2007年12月 More and more of the word’s population are living in towns or cities. The speed at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is36. alarming Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in developed countries37. increased two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.They38. sheer size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very39. disturbing signs of trouble in the40. comparison of percentages of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry. During the nineteenth century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe the41. proportion of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the 42. workforce working in factories. Now, however, the43. reverse is almost always true in the newly industrialized world: 44. The percentage of people living in cities is much higher than the percentage working in industry. Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth;(45) 45. There is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals. There has been little opportunity to build water supplies or other facilities. 46. So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment a growth in the number of hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.
2007年06月Students’ pressure sometimes comes from their parents. Most parents are well 36. meaning but some of them aren’t very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in 37 adjusting to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children’s difficulties.For one thing, parents are often not 38.awareof the kinds of problems their children face. They don’t realize that the39.competitionis keener, that the required 40. standardsof work are higher, and that their children may not be prepared for the change. 41.accustomedto seeing A’s and B’s on high school report cards, they may be upset when their children’s first 42.semestercollege grades are below that level. At their kindest, they may gently 43. Inquire why John or Mary isn’t doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. 44. at their worst ,they may threaten to take their children out of college or cut off funds Sometimes parents regard their children as extensions of themselves and 45. think it only right and natural that they determine what their children do with their lives In their involvement and identification with their children, they forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way. They forget that their children, 46. who are now young adults must, be the ones responsible for what they do and what they are 15.10
2006年12月You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways depending on the situation they are in. This is very 36. natural. All languages have two general levels of 37.usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no 38.Exception The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a 39.particular level.Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, 40.referencebooks and in business letters. You would also use formal English in compositions and 41. essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with42.colleagues family members and friends, and when we write 43.personal notes or letters to close friends.Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. First, formal language tends to be more polite. 44.What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite For example, I might say to a friend or a family member “Close the door, please,” 45. but to a stranger, I probably would say “would you mind closing the door?”Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. 46.There are bound to be some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I am talking to my friend I might say “I am just crazy about soccer!” But if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say “I really enjoy soccer.”
2006年6月For Americans, time is money. They say, "You only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The (36) future will not be better than the past or present, as Americans are (37) trained to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activity. Thus Americans (38) admire a "well-organized" person, one who has a written list of things to do and a (39) schedule for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and is (40) considerate of other people's time. They do not (41) waste people's time with conversation or other activity that has no (42) visible beneficial outcome.The American attitude toward time is not (43) necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as (44) something that is simply there around them, not something they can use. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the states is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In the contest (45) the fast food industry can be seen as a clear example of American cultural product. McDonald's, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country where many people want to spend the least amount of time preparing and eating meals. As McDonald's restaurants (46) spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.下载本文
