初三上学期第4单元
单元语法:used to的用法
考情分析:主要在选择题考查。写作时也会经常考查到。
【基本用法】 used to表示过去经常的习惯,但现在不再这样了,常译为“过去常常”。其中的to是不定式符号,后面要接动词原形。它只有过去式一种形式,可以用于所有人称。
例如: I used to watch TV, but now I don’t like it. 我过去常常看电视,但现在不喜欢了。
He used to like collecting coins. 他过去喜欢集硬币。
【句型结构】 ⑴used to的否定式为didn’t use to或used not to。
例如: He didn’t use / used not to go home by bus. 他过去不常坐公共汽车回家。
⑵used to的疑问式为Did … use to …? 或Used … to …? 构成。
例如: Did you use to be a teacher? / Used you to be a teacher? 你过去是老师吗? —Yes, I did. 是的。
(3)used to 的反意疑问句形式也有两种,当陈述部分的谓语是used to时,疑问部分用didn’t+主语、usedn’t +主语。
例如:She used to take photos there,didn’t she/usedn’t she?
【相关短语】(1)used to do sth过去常常做某事,指过去习惯性动作或状态,与现在形成对比。如 I used to water flowers.我过去常常浇花
(2)be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事,指现在的状况。如I am used to staying here.我习惯呆在这里
(3)be used to sth.习惯了某物。如Lily is used to rice now
(4)be used to do/for doing sth.被用来做某事。如it is used to sweep/for sweeping floor
(5)be used as被用作·····。如This article can be used as a example of everyone.
重点词法
1.be helpful to sb/sth对某人/某物有帮助
2.enough可作副词或形容词,意为足够地/充分的。注意如果要用enough修饰形容词或副词,一定要后置。比如翻译“足够便宜”,英语要说cheap enough
3.from time to time有时,等于sometimes或at times
4.it‘s been +一段时间+since+从句=it is +一段时间+since+从句。意为“自从···以来”,since后面接从句,该从句用一般过去时。主句常用完成时,且动词需要用延续性动词。比如:she has taught us English since I came to this school
5.since当作介词时,意思是“自从···以来”,它还有一个意思是“因为”。since侧重主句,从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由,常译为“因为”、“既然”,语气比because稍弱。比如:Since everyone is here, let’s start. 既然大家都到齐了,我们就出发吧!
6.take up开始做,常指开始某项工作、某个爱好。take up doing sth开始做某事=begin to do sth
7.辨析:do with侧重处理的对象;deal with侧重处理的方式方法。两者的意思都是:处理
8.dare (to)do sth敢于做某事
9.crowd名词,人群;动词,拥挤;crowded 形容词,拥挤的
10.tons of 大量的,许多的
11.in private私下的,give a speech演讲,in public 公开地
12.hang out闲逛,absent 形容词/名词,缺席的/缺席
13.be prepared to do sth准备好做某事;be prepared for sth为···做好准备
14.give up doing 放弃。in person亲自
15.require sb to do sth要求某人做某事。requirement名词,需要,要求
16.take care是小心,take care of是照顾
17.have an influence on sb对某人有影响
18.be always doing sth总是做某事
19.take pride in为···感到自豪;be proud to do sth为做某事感到骄傲/自豪
单元话题作文
本单元的写作任务是能根据表格提示、文字提示或联系实际生活,简单叙述身边人物或事物的今昔变化。写作时,一定要注意时态问题!要根据实际内容选用正确的时态,如果是描写现在的情况就用一般现在时,如果是描写过去的情况就用一般过去时。写作的思路可以是先用一段介绍过去的情况,再另起一自然段介绍现在的情况,也可以同时介绍现在与过去的情况。
练习:(12南宁)初中的学习生活即将结束了。请你以“How I Change”为题,写一篇短文,描述你这三年里前后的变化。写作要点包括外貌、兴趣爱好、行为习惯等方面。
写作要求:1.词数在80个左右(开头已经给出,不计入总词数);
2.短文中不能出现校名和人名,否则不得分;
3.所给的写作要点都必须用上;紧扣主题,适当发挥。
范文: How I Change
My life has changed a lot in the past three years. I was fat and short when I came to the middle school. At that time, I was interested in computer games and I spent most of time on it. My parents were worded about me.
Now, I like sports and I often play basketball with my classmates after school. So I become taller and stronger than before. I like reading, too. I usually go to the library to read some interesting books. Good habits help me to study better and keep healthier. My parents and my teachers are both pleased with me.下载本文