(中外考生习作和优秀范文详解)
75篇雅思学员习作精批
75篇国内外优秀雅思范文
洗礼过后，你就是雅思写作小专家
Write in plain English
使用简明英语写雅思作文
Keep it short and simple
简洁但不失严谨
编著：赵曙明 Global Writer
The main goal in writing is to convey your ideas with the greatest possible clarity and to design and write in a way that best serves your readers. Plain English is clear, straightforward expression, using only as many words as are necessary. Plain language is clear language. It is simple and direct but not simplistic or simple-minded.
前 言
这是一本备考雅思的烤鸭们不能不看的书，因为编者每天都批改大量的学员习作，最熟悉考生的真实水平。这本书选择的习作非常有代表性，您经常会有对号入座的错觉，阅读他们的习作就仿佛在阅读自己的作品。这本书对每篇习作都进行了地毯式的批改，点评一语中的，让您对如何提分一目了然。我们用全新视角审视雅思写作，彻底打破了雅思写作的魔咒。您完全可以在写作中找到学习英语的自信和乐趣，您只需具备新概念二的文字水平就可以写出高分雅思作文。我们用数万篇雅思习作的积淀向您保证，您从此不必为雅思写作而焦虑。
大家只知道中国考生雅思写作平均分低，却忽视了一个很重要的事实：烤鸭们在作文训练上要么太盲目要么花的时间太少，很多人都快要考试了还没有找人批改过自己的作文，甚至有不少人根本没有认真写过任何一篇雅思作文！如果训练没有指导，写作很难在短期内提高。实际上，缺乏指导的您在短期内不论写多少篇雅思作文，写作水平都不可能得到明显提高。而这本书让您避免盲目的练习，您即使很少练习写作，也能了解雅思写作的全部。
与学员害怕写作和口语考试不同的是，不少英语教师的雅思口语和写作成绩却高于阅读成绩，而这种好事几乎不可能发生在可爱的学员们身上。环球雅思写作中心一份分析报告表明，学员提交的雅思作文存在大量的语言错误。我们惊讶地发现，大部分同学不能写出正确的句子，更别谈灵活的变化，大大降低了文章的可读性。实际上，用词造句错误率低是获得雅思写作高分的关键。在环球雅思工作8年，笔者还从来没有看到过一篇没有用词造句错误的雅思习作，不少学员写出的作文根本没有完全正确的句子。
这本书揭露了中国雅思考生在英文写作当中的种种劣迹，我们不希望看到低分雅思作文这样炼成！这些错误本可以避免，但是不少考生的追求太不现实。在明知自己的遣词造句能力奇差无比的情况下，大部分考生根本没有把写作重心放在回答问题上，而是寄希望于生僻词、超级长句难句的使用。历史总是惊人地相似，前赴后继的考生年复一年地重复一项耻辱的记录：雅思作文平均分常年在亚洲排名倒数，仅仅好于几个阿拉伯石油国家的纨绔子弟刷出来的成绩。成绩比中国男足还要惨烈，好在比较稳定！
我们的学员对高分有着莫名的向往。但是，当考生每天都在煞有介事地背单词，而雅思作文平均分却低于5.3分的时候，那种认为词汇量大就意味着能够考出雅思写作高分的观点是否站得住脚？向学员灌输那些所谓的高分词汇或者长难句是不是可取？当自己连名词单复数和动词变位的概念都没有的时候，雅思备考的策略是否需要调整？
到底如何在短期内提高自己的英文写作能力？我们认为雅思作文阅卷标准就是答案。这本书没有创立自己的理论，以免混淆视听。我们返璞归真，从雅思作文四大评分标准的角度对考生提交的习作进行了全面精细的批改和点评。所有的范文都经过了严格筛选，所有词汇都符合plain English的要求。范文简约而不简单。我们对学员习作进行了详细的解剖，并提供了评估报告，如：
评估报告（Evaluation Report）
Task Response 得分：6
1) how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task（完整）
2) the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed and supported.
习作的ideas符合题目要求；对causes的分析很到位，and they are developed and supported。但是对第二个问题（problems）的分析过于简单，没有进行解释或者拓展。
3) the extent to which the candidate's position is clear and effective
这一点指的是作文给读者的整体感觉，相当于国内阅卷的“整体评分法”。
第二段论证效率不高，段落太长，请把段落在100个单词以内；第三段拓展不够，也缺乏证据
Coherence and Cohesion得分：6
1) how well the information and ideas are organized and presented, including paragraphing.
分段合理，ideas 的组织不错但是表达欠缺。
2) how well the information is linked.
较差。有些句子与周边句子缺乏逻辑过渡。
Lexical Resources 得分：5
1) the range of vocabulary used
词汇使用不灵活；习作体现出你会用的写作词汇量十分有限
2) how accurately it is used
很多用词不准确，表达不到位
3) how appropriate it is for the task
部分用词不符合Plain English标准,要么口语化，要么太生僻。比如：a lot of; manifestation.
Grammatical Range and Accuracy 得分：5
1) the range of structures used
变化较多，几乎使用了全部所需的句型
2) how accurately they are used
很多句子结构使用不准确，很多语句不通顺。
请注意：标点符号的正确使用；雅思写作所有句子必须具备主语和谓语结构；从句不能单独加句号结束，必须出示主句。很多动词和名词有变化，不能裸体出现。
3) how appropriate they are for the task
基本符合plain English要求：没有出现感叹句、祈使句等；长度适中（25个单词以内）。注意雅思写作只能以句号或者问号结束一个句子。
在评估报告中，我们真正做到了全面地解析学员习作在每一项评分细则上的得失情况。尤其是对词汇和语法评分标准的最后一项，一贯被国内的专家们忽视。我们翻阅了几乎所有国内的雅思写作书籍都没有找到满意的答案，我们也一度感到困惑。在环球雅思写作中心工作期间，笔者有幸接触到了一些英美人士批阅的雅思习作，在他们给出的评估报告中得到了答案。他们对student essays 的要求是使用plain English写作，句子长度不能超过25个单词。而国内的雅思培训界对这两点的忽视导致了雅思写作培训教师盲目追求词汇量和长难句，网络上出现的大量模板句型都严重违背了雅思写作的原则。当然了，另一个极端就是用词造句过于随意，比如使用感叹句、祈使句写作或者使用俚语、口头语言等不正式的词汇写作；然而在学员提交的数万篇雅思习作中，不到百分之一的同学犯这个错误，上过雅思写作课的同学都有这个常识。
为了最大限度地帮助您，每一篇学员习作后面都提供一篇优秀习作，我们对习作的亮点进行了点评。
这本书将为学员提供宝贵的素材库和正确的雅思写作备考指导。看完我们的范文和点评，您不会再害怕雅思写作，更不会为自己词汇量不大而过分担心。基于中国雅思考生英语遣词造句能力普遍较差的事实，我们在选择范文的时候摒弃了一些辞藻过分华丽的作文，而是选择了一些语言比较简练、言简意赅的优秀范文，希望读者理解我们的良苦用心。
Plain English
"Plain English is clear, straightforward expression, using only as many words as are necessary. It is language that avoids obscurity, inflated vocabulary and convoluted sentence construction. It is not baby talk, nor is it a simplified version of the English language. Writers of plain language let their audience concentrate on the message instead of being distracted by complicated language. They make sure that their audience understands the message easily."
简明英语指的是清晰、直白的语言表达方式，这种表达提倡使用尽可能少的词汇来写作。简明英语反对使用华而不实的词汇和臃肿的句子结构，因为那样会使得语言表达含糊不清。简明英语不是低级的幼儿英语，也不是简化版的英文。使用简明英语写作的作者意在帮助读者把注意力放在作者表达的信息本身，而不是在令人费解的语言上。以这种方式写作的作者意在方便读者，帮助他们轻易理解作品传递的信息。
——Professor Robert Eagleson
The main goal in writing is to convey your ideas with the greatest possible clarity and to design and write in a way that best serves your readers. Plain language is clear language. It is simple and direct but not simplistic or simple-minded.
Global IELTS Education helps you write in plain language by identifying words and phrases in your writing that detract from clarity. We question the use of long sentences and inflated vocabulary and aim to make you think about every word you write.
Global IELTS Education does not encourage a standard style that everyone should follow. Rather, by helping you break out of the typical stereotyped writing, Global IELTS Education encourages you to express yourself in your own words.
Using plain language does not mean everyone's writing must sound the same. There is no one "right" way to express an idea. Every thought can be expressed in many different ways and the variety comes from the individual way we approach an idea or writing task. There's plenty of room for individual style, rhetoric and imaginative writing. So let Global IELTS Education help you get rid of your poor writing habits and let you express yourself in your own words.
Student Essays 学生话题作文（论文）
Confronted with an essay, term paper, dissertation or other academic paper, students often fall into the traps of failing to answer the question, adopting a stilted academic tone and using a long-winded style. Like all good writing, essays should be clear, direct, relevant and interesting.
To do this, you must
concentrate on the central question, 集中注意力思考核心问题
plan the paper selecting specific and relevant information, 选择具体的相关的信息进行谋篇布局
include good examples and illustrations, and 需要必要的说明或者证明
write in a concise and readable style. 遣词造句应该言简意赅
The aim should not be to display an academic superiority, but to show a confidence of the subject matter and to inform the reader of the relevance of your knowledge to the question. Start by making sure you do understand the question. Look for key words defining the scope of your writing, such as: compare, contrast, criticize, define, describe, discuss, evaluate, justify, outline, review, summaries. Use the checklist to help you write your essays.
Checklist
1. Read and understand the question. 读懂问题
2. Plan to answer the question. 谋篇布局，确保以最好的方式回答问题
3. Select relevant information - don't include everything you know. 挑选素材——不能漫无目的
4. Summaries your answer in the opening paragraph. 开篇名义
5. Develop one idea or theme in each paragraph. 一个idea写一段，并且在主题句后对这个idea进行拓展
6. Link paragraphs to make the writing flow. 注意段落衔接，保证所有的段落组成完美的整体
7. Use plain language, avoiding an academic or abstract style. 使用简明英语，避免学术化或者抽象化
8. Impress with clarity. Don't waffle, repeat yourself or ramble.
以简洁明了打动读者。避免含糊、简单重复或者漫无目的的描述。
9. Conclude by summarizing your findings or views. 结尾段总结自己的观点新发现
10. Proofread (and edit) your work. 检查习作(必要的话对文字进行编辑再提交习作)
The Principles of Good Writing 优秀作文应该遵循的原则
Good writing is clear and concise（简明扼要）. It uses short sentences and simple words, keeps to the facts, and is easy to understand. Good writing is easy to recognize - it makes you want to read more. For most of us, good writing doesn't come naturally; it's a skill we need to learn. You can improve your writing by following the accepted principles of good writing. The principles that underlie all good writing are:
· Plan and organize your material. 合理组织写作素材
· Keep your average sentence length low. 尽量缩短句子长度
· Use verbs to give your writing action. 尽量使用动词，增强表达效果
· Prefer the simple word to the complex word. 用词尽量从简
· Make every word count. 不要说废话
· Avoid jargon, clichés and foreign words. 避免使用专业术语、陈词滥调和外来词
· Use correct spelling, punctuation and grammar. 使用正确的拼写、标点符号和语法
· Read and revise everything you write. 必须彻底检查自己的作文并做必要的修改
Plain Language Community in English-spoken Countries
Governments and private organizations around the world support plain language.
美国
The Plain Language Action and Information Network (PLAIN)
http://www.plainlanguage.gov/
Originally called the Plain English Network, PLAIN has been meeting informally since the mid 1990s. Our goal is to promote the use of plain language for all government communications. We believe that using plain language will save federal agencies time and money and provide better service to the American public.
加拿大
PLAIN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL
http://www.plainlanguagenetwork.org/
Plain Language Association International includes professionals who plan, write, design, and create communications projects to better serve the needs of the public, clients, customers, students, and staff. Their site provides free plain language articles, writing tutorials, Web links, news, networking opportunities, professional support, and an e-mail discussion group.
英国
The United Kingdom has two different private sector groups supporting plain language:
The Plain Language Commission accredits public documents and websites with the Clear English Standard logo and provides training in plain language.
The Plain English Campaign is an independent pressure group fighting for public information to be written in plain English.
澳大利亚
In Australia, plain language has become a commercial success. Demand for clear language has increased, and law firms that provide plain-language legal products are finding success.
欧盟
The European Commission has created a guide for writing clearly in several languages.
President Obama signs plain writing act
Bill to Simplify Public Documents Now Becomes Law
奥巴马总统签署《简明英语法案》
——意在简化公文的议案成为美国法律
Washington, DC –Rep. Bruce Braley (D-Iowa) announced today President Barack Obama signed the Plain Writing Act of 2010 (H.R. 946) into law late Wednesday afternoon. The bill, introduced by Braley, requires the federal government to write documents, such as tax returns, federal college aid applications, and Veterans Administration forms in simple easy-to-understand language, making government more transparent and saving the government millions of dollars. The bill’s final version passed the House by a vote of 341-82. Earlier this week, it received unanimous consent in the Senate.
"The Plain Writing Act requires a simple change to business-as-usual that’ll make a big difference for anyone who’s ever filled out a tax return or received a government document," Braley said. "This bill shows what bipartisanship can accomplish when we put aside our differences and work together for the common good. Writing government documents in plain language will increase government accountability and will save Americans time and money. Plain, straightforward language makes it easy for taxpayers to understand what the federal government is doing and what services it is offering."
Braley visited the VA in Bettendorf on Tuesday to highlight the work already underway at the Veterans Benefits Administration, which is one of few federal agencies to track the use of Plain Language in federal documents. After rewriting just one letter asking beneficiaries to update their contact information in Plain Language, the VBA say responses climb 75 percent, saving the VA approximately $8 million in follow-up costs.
The Plain Writing Act requires the federal government to write new publications, forms, and publicly distributed documents in a “clear, concise, well-organized” manner that follows the best practices of plain language writing.
After the bill passed the House in February, Senator Bob Bennett (R-Utah) placed a hold on the bill for months, so Braley requested a meeting with him in June. After making minor changes, Bennett lifted his hold and the bill passed the Senate by unanimous consent.
目 录
第一章 讨论双边观点并提出自己的见解
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
1. 教育 Education
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Three
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Four
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Five
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
2. 工作 Work
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
3. 公共服务 Public Service
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
4. 科技 Science and Technology
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
5. 环境 Environment
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
6. 其他 Others
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
第二章 单一观点的程度控制题(To What Extent Do You Agree or Disagree)
1. 教育 Education
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Three
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Four
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Five
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
2. 工作 Work
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
3. 公共服务 Public Service
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
4. 科技 Science and Technology
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
5. 环境 Environment
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
6. 其他 Others
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
第三章 讨论利弊并提出自己的见解
Discuss Pros and Cons and Give Your Own Opinion
1. 教育 Education
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Three
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Four
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Five
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
2. 工作 Work
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
3. 公共服务 Public Service
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
4. 科技 Science and Technology
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
5. 环境 Environment
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
6. 其他 Others
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
第四章 分析原因并提出解决方案(Analyze the Reasons and Suggest Solutions)
1. 教育 Education
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Three
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Four
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Five
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
2. 工作 Work
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
3. 公共服务 Public Service
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
4. 科技 Science and Technology
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
5. 环境 Environment
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
6. 其他 Others
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
第五章 混合题(Mixed Type)
1. 教育 Education
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Three
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Four
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Five
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
2. 工作 Work
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
3. 公共服务 Public Service
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
4. 科技 Science and Technology
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
5. 环境 Environment
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
6. 其他 Others
Topic One
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
Topic Two
考生习作详解
优秀范文详解
第六章 雅思写作常见语言错误与改进
1）词法错误
2）句法错误
3）时态的误用
4）不定式、分词与动名词
5）被动与主动
6）标点符号错误
7）中国式英语
8）综合错误
9）雅思写作词句的替换与润色
第七章 【补充资料】
——考官心中的常见雅思写作错误
——2006年-2010年雅思真题
样 章
第一章 单一观点的程度控制题 (To What Extent Do You Agree or Disagree)
2. 工作 Work
Topic One:
Traveling to and from work has become more difficult for many people, to solve this situation, employers should encourage people to do their work at home. What’s your opinion and discuss the advantage and disadvantage of this suggestion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. （每篇作文都有这个指令，请注意。）
Write at least 250 words.
During this decade, ①an increasing number of workers have been encouraged to work at home to avoid the problem of traveling. Even though there would be certain negative impacts on people, I still appreciate this trend, and feel optimistic that it would be more popular in the foreseeable future. (47)
The predominant reason for this suggestion may involve the fact that all the employers and their employees need to save their precious time and energy. With more and more traffic congestions, people have to get up much earlier in the morning and spend much more time on the way to their workplaces. People living in the suburban areas are even less lucky, they might even have to waste 3 to 4 hours commuting to work downtown. This might invariably lead to exhaustion and even decreased work efficiency. ()
Therefore, working at home would be an effective alternative to improve this condition. Every person could save their time and energy at home and concentrate on their work. With the aid of the advanced computer technology, a manager or a designer can show their products to the clients, or have conferences with their colleagues on-line. Also, the housewives could have more opportunities to take part in certain jobs by telephones at home, such as questionnaires and online sale (77)
②However, overly working at home might bruise the relationships among the colleagues for the reason that contacting by computers or telephones could not replace the face-to-face communicating. (27)
③In a conclusion, working at home is more beneficial to both the individuals and their companies. What’s more, it is imperative that people should arrange their time properly to work more efficiently. (32)
Global band: 6
① 这不是Fact， 只是一种建议。审题失误。
② 这个段落缺乏拓展，凭什么说有危害？你没有通过推理或者举例证明这一点。
③ 结尾段的结论与前文失去联系。你凭什么说在家上班利大于弊？就凭你在第四段批评的文字只有一句话，而第三段赞同在家上班的文字更多这一点？显然不能证明利大于弊。你要推理，不能随着性子扯着嗓门尖叫“我说利大于弊就是利大于弊，你想怎么样？”
【得失详情】
Task Response 6
1) how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task（勉强完成）
2) the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed and supported.
（一般，第四段缺乏拓展和证据；结论与前文失去联系。）
3) the extent to which the candidate's position is clear and effective (整体感觉较差，缺乏论证力度。最大的失误：一二段是引言，太冗长，且错误太多；三四五段才是推理部分，但是明显缺乏证据或者缺乏拓展。)
Coherence and Cohesion 5
1) how well the information and ideas are organized and presented, including paragraphing. (基本失败)
2) how well the information is linked. （有不少错误，表现很一般）
Lexical Resources 6
1) the range of vocabulary used (较好，你的词汇量应该足够写出7分以上的作文)
2) how accurately it is used (部分用词不准确)
3) how appropriate it is for the task ()
Grammatical Range and Accuracy 6
1) the range of structures used (较好)
2) how accurately they are used (部分语句不通顺)
3) how appropriate they are for the task
(基本符合plain English要求：没有出现感叹句、祈使句等；长度适中（25个单词以内）。注意雅思写作只能以句号或者问号结束句子。)
【优秀范文：Global Writer】
It is true that today traffic in cities throughout the world has become a major problem. This is obvious from the number of vehicles on our roads and the amount of pollution they cause. Probably the traffic problem is because of individuals traveling for working, learning or shopping purposes and this is obvious in the rush hours we experience every day.
It is also true that, these days, such daily commuting (乘车上下班) is not always necessary because people can do these from home. We can see this in the choices information technology gives us today. For instance, on-line work, distance learning and shopping are all available via (介词，意味“通过”) the Internet.
However, even if everyone had access to the technology and the opportunity to work from home, it would be unrealistic to think that everyone would want to (此句使用了虚拟语气). Even though the technology for working, studying or shopping on-line makes this alternative a possibility, nevertheless it would mean people would have less freedom of choice and less social contact in their lives. This would have a large impact on the society as a whole.
So, in conclusion(此处作插入语，“总之”), I think that while this practice (这种做法) could reduce the traffic problems in our cities, it is most unlikely to be an acceptable solution. About other solutions, perhaps we need to think more carefully about facilitating public transport and limiting private cars in our city centers(使用了非谓语结构的“-ing式”，作介词about的宾语). To develop public transport that is not road-based, such as sky trains or subways would probably be a more acceptable alternative measure to reduce jams on our roads.
【范文亮点】
一、Task Response (优秀)
1) how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task
2) the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed and supported.
3) the extent to which the candidate's position is clear and effective
习作突破了国内学生所习惯的写作模板。仔细比较之后发现习作破题关键处使用的句型基本都是剑桥雅思1和剑桥雅思2官方范文常用的句型（习作写于2005年，可供参考的范文只有剑桥雅思前2册范文）。
二、Coherence and Cohesion (优秀)
1) how well the information and ideas are organized and presented, including paragraphing
2) how well the information is linked
思路清晰，观点明确。这篇作文体现了critical thinking(辩证思维)。Ideas 衔接过渡自然.
(The information and ideas, including paragraphing, are well organized and presented.) The information is linked and it is easy to understand the information the writer conveys.
三、Lexical Resources (优秀)
1) the range of vocabulary used
2) how accurately it is used
3) how appropriate it is for the task
（与交通直接相关词汇如下）
traffic in cities、the number of vehicles on our roads、the amount of pollution they cause、traveling for working, learning or shopping purposes、the rush hours、daily commuting、reduce the traffic problems、facilitating public transport and limiting private cars in our city centers、not road-based、sky trains or subways、reduce jams on our roads
关于词汇选择：这个是学员很纠结的地方，总觉得自己的词汇量不大，大词难词掌握的少。请注意优秀作文的特点是
· Prefer the simple word to the complex word. 用词尽量从简
· Make every word count. 不要说废话
· Avoid jargon, clichés and foreign words. 避免使用专业术语、陈词滥调和外来词
雅思写作关键是要get to the point and answer the question。
四、Grammatical Range and Accuracy (优秀)
1) the range of structures used
2) how accurately they are used
3) how appropriate they are for the task
句子结构的变化和语法的精确度是很多同学应该学习的地方。每一段三句话，全文四段共12句话，短短的260词（含标点）却令人惊讶地展现了英语句型的各种变化。尤其是前四句，分别使用了：主从复合句（含名词性从句中的主语从句）、主从复合句（主句+形容词性从句即定语从句）、并列复合句（含形容词性从句即定语从句）、主从复合句（含名词性从句中的主语从句+ 副词性从句！）短短四句话，尽情使用了英语中几乎全部的句子结构和主从复合句中全部的从句类型！需要指出的是，习作句子长度均没有超过25个单词。
注; 第二章------第五章样张同上
第七章 补充资料 (Supplementary Materials)
【考官心中的常见雅思写作错误】
【动词、名词、冠词】
Use the correct tense to express what you want to say and try to keep tenses consistent. And please
use the correct form of nouns and the correct articles. It is very important. 中国学员似乎从来都没有重视过这个问题，可能是因为中文没有这些烦恼。中国文字本身不存在变位，比如：三顿饭(three meals); 很多书(many books); 电脑很重要(Computers are very important.)
【Run-on Sentences and Sentence Fragments句子】
Check each sentence to make sure it has a subject and a verb and that it expresses a complete concept.
仔细检查每一个句子，确保每个句子都有一套完整的主谓结构。
Do not run two sentences together incorrectly. Use punctuation (full stops, colons or semicolons) or linking words to separate them or clarify meaning.
切勿把两个句子错误地堆放在一起，使用标点符号（句号，冒号，或分号）或者连接词将句子分开，使句子表达清晰明朗。
【Punctuation标点符号】
Use capital letters at the start of sentences and for names of persons, cities, countries, languages, streets, and titles.
End every sentence with a full stop or question mark.
每一个句子都以句号或问号结尾。
Use punctuation (commas, colons, semi-colons) within individual sentences to separate phrases and for easier understanding.
Place exact quotes in quotation marks. Full stops and commas go inside the quotation marks.
句号和逗号置于引号内部。
【Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致】
Check every subject and verb to make sure that if you have used a singular subject, you have also used a singular verb. Similarly, a plural subject needs a plural verb. Pay extra care to add an \\'s\\' to present simple tense verbs in the 3rd person singular.
e.g. The IELTS exam tests our level of English.
【Sentence Length句子长度】
Keep sentences reasonably short. General guidelines for academic writing recommend a maximum of 25 words per sentence.
Break long sentences into shorter units.
If too short, perhaps you could link them using a conjunction or other transitional device, but do not overdo this (e.g. by starting nearly every sentence with a linking word.)
【Cohesion (the linking of sentences) 词汇、短语、句子的衔接】
Ensure that each sentence follows clearly and logically from the one before it.
句子之间逻辑交代要清晰。
Note that it is not necessary to keep all sentences the same length; sentences of different lengths in each paragraph make for a more interesting writing style.
【Coherence (the ideas) 意群、段落衔接 】
Each paragraph should contain a topic sentence which states the main idea, fact or opinion.
Paragraphs should be around 4 -5 sentences long. Task one will probably contain 2-3 paragraphs, task two, 4 - 5. Try to use the last sentence to connect in some way with the paragraph after, or the first sentence to link with the paragraph before.
Limit paragraph length to a maximum of 100 words.
每段最多不要超过100词。
【Spelling单词拼写】
Before the test, when you practice writing tasks, check the spelling of any word you are unsure about. Be especially careful of the "ei" and "ie" words, words which add "-ing" and/or "ed," and words with one or more sets of double letters.下载本文
