Part II LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Lesson A Your Social Network
Listening
SCRIPT
Track 5-1
1: According to two different studies, the average person has 229 friends on a social networking site like . For teenagers, the number is higher; it's between 300 and 425.
2: Well, like most people, teenagers are friends with classmates, family members, and close friends.
3: Actually, yes. Many teens in the U.S. and the UK say they often accept online friend requests from acquaintances and sometimes even strangers. In fact, according to one recent study, many teens don’t know and will probably never meet twenty-five percent of their online friends.
4: A number of teenagers say they like connecting with friends on . But some teens also say they feel pressure to join because it's the main way friends connect. If you're not on , or a similar site, you won't know what your friends are doing.
1.：美国著名的社交网络服务网站，也是世界排名领先的照片分享站点，主要创始人为马克·扎克伯格。
2.
Conversation
Track 5–2
A: This is my friend Ajay.
B: How do you know him?
A: He was a classmate of mine in high school.
B: Are you close?
A: Not anymore, but we keep in touch on .
Lesson B
Listening 1
Exercise 1
SCRIPT
Track 5–3
We all know that having friends is important, but why do we form friendships with some people and not others? In some ways, the answer is simple: you become friends with someone because you have things in common. Maybe you both like the same soccer team. Or perhaps you both love to play video games. Or maybe your personalities are similar: you’re a bit shy and the other person is, too.
But two American scientists, Dr. Peter DeScioli and Robert Kurzban, found that we form friendships with certain people for another reason: because these relationships protect us in some way. Their research also showed that we rank our friends on how likely they are to “have our back”—that is, to support us when there is trouble. The more likely a person is to help you, the closer a friend he or she is. For this reason, it’s possible to be friends with someone who is different from you. You get along because the person can help you in some way, the researchers say, and that’s even more important than your differences.
Questions:
1. What do Peter DeScioli and Robert Kurzban believe?
2. How do we rank our friends?
Exercise 2
SCRIPT
Track 5–4
We all know that having friends is important, but why do we form friendships with some people and not others? In some ways, the answer is simple: you become friends with someone because you have things in common. Maybe you both like the same soccer team. Or perhaps you both love to play video games. Or maybe your personalities are similar: you’re a bit shy and the other person is, too.
But two American scientists, Dr. Peter DeScioli and Robert Kurzban, found that we form friendships with certain people for another reason: because these relationships protect us in some way. Their research also showed that we rank our friends on how likely they are to “have our back”—that is, to support us when there is trouble. The more likely a person is to help you, the closer a friend he or she is. For this reason, it’s possible to be friends with someone who is different from you. You get along because the person can help you in some way, the researchers say, and that’s even more important than your differences.
Listening 2
SCRIPT
Track 5-5
Psychologist Tom Rath has studied and written a lot about friendship over the years. In one of his recent books, Vital Friends: The People You Can’t Afford to Live Without, Rath explains that not only is it important to have friends, but that our friends play very different roles in our lives.
In the book, Rath uses different words to describe eight types of friends. Let’s talk about four of these. Rath calls one kind of friend “the companion.” This is the person you might call your best friend. You tell this person everything—both the good news and the bad—and he or she has your back no matter what. Even if this person doesn’t live near you, you have a very strong, very close connection and probably always will.
Another type of friend, says Rath, is “the collaborator.” You have a lot in common with this person. Maybe you both like the same kind of music, sports, or other activities. Perhaps you live in the same area. Of all of your friends, you probably spend the most time with this person because you share so many of the same interests.
A third type of friend, says Rath, is “the energizer.” This is a fun friend—the kind who makes you laugh. You might not be the closest friends, but when you hang out with this person, you always feel better, and that’s why this person is in your life.
Rath also talks about a fourth type of friend, which he calls “the mind-opener.” This person gets you to try new things or helps you see things in different ways. This friend introduces you to new ideas, and in many ways, this kind of friendship can be the most interesting.
Questions:
1. What is the book the speaker is discussing mainly about?
2. Who might be the speaker?
1. energizer：情绪兴奋剂，此处是指使人振奋精神的朋友
2. mind-opener：创新思想者，此处是指启迪心智的朋友
SCRIPT
Track 5–6
Psychologist Tom Rath has studied and written a lot about friendship over the years. In one of his recent books, Vital Friends: the People You Can’t Afford to Live Without, Rath explains that not only is it important to have friends, but that our friends play very different roles in our lives.
In the book, Rath uses different words to describe eight types of friends. Let’s talk about four of these. Rath calls one kind of friend “the companion.” This is the person you might call your best friend. You tell this person everything—both the good news and the bad—and he or she has your back no matter what. Even if this person doesn’t live near you, you have a very strong, very close connection and probably always will.
Another type of friend, says Rath, is “the collaborator.” You have a lot in common with this person. Maybe you both like the same kind of music, sports, or other activities. Perhaps you live in the same area. Of all of your friends, you probably spend the most time with this person because you share so many of the same interests.
A third type of friend, says Rath, is “the energizer.” This is a fun friend—the kind who makes you laugh. You might not be the closest friends, but when you hang out with this person, you always feel better, and that’s why this person is in your life.
Rath also talks about a fourth type of friend, which he calls “the mind-opener.” This person gets you to try new things or helps you see things in different ways. This friend introduces you to new ideas, and in many ways, this kind of friendship can be the most interesting.
1. energizer：情绪兴奋剂，此处是指使人振奋精神的朋友
2. mind-opener：创新思想者，此处是指启迪心智的朋友
Questions:
1. How many types of friends does Tom Rath describe in his book?
2. What kind of friendship is the most interesting one?
PART III VIDEO
SCRIPT
Unlikely Friends
Narrator: We’re off to California, where the San Diego Zoo and Wild Animal Park is finding new ways to raise wild animals. Here’s a sight you’re likely never to see in the wild. A puppy and a lion cub playing together, peacefully. Koza was separated from his mother at birth, so keepers put him together with a puppy named Cairo so he would have a companion. Randy Rieches works at the San Diego Zoo. He says many wild animals are social creatures, which means that when they are young, they need to learn to get along with others.
Randy Rieches: In any instance where you have a social animal, it’s always better to pair something specific with that animal to actually help that animal psychologically progress into adulthood.
Narrator: For years now, the San Diego Zoo and Wild Animal Park have been pairing lone wild animals with different, but compatible, species. Majani the cheetah and Clifford the dog are old friends. They were put together as youngsters years ago, and now the shy cat feels comfortable when out in public with his canine companion. This young Indian rhino liked to play, so keepers found him a playmate: a banteng, a type of large cow. Someday this rhino will grow to be huge, weighing about 1800 kilos. While the ox will only be about 700. But keepers say animals like these are kept together as long as they enjoy each other’s company. And the rhino will learn social skills he’ll need when it’s time to be introduced to other rhinos. On the other hand, Koza and Cairo will soon be separated. Lion cubs grow quickly, and today’s companion could be tomorrow’s prey.
Randy Rieches: You have a lion which is a predator, a very large predator, that at some point in time, we will have to split them.
Narrator: Cross-species friendships don’t happen in the wild, but they are used sometimes in zoos as a way to keep social animals, social.
1.adulthood：成人或是成年期
2.下载本文
