Contents
1.SCOPE (4)
2.DEFINITIONS (4)
3.CODES, REFERENCES, SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS (4)
3.1 C ONFLICT OF REQUIREMENTS (4)
3.2 D ESIGN C ODE (5)
3.3 R EFERENCES (5)
4.TERMINOLOGY (7)
4.1 B ASE DESIGN C ODE (7)
4.2 D ESIGN C ONDITIONS (7)
4.3 P IPE W ALL T HICKNESS (8)
4.4 C ORROSION A LLOWANCE (8)
4.5 H YDROGEN S ERVICE (8)
4.6 S OUR W ATER S ERVICE (8)
4.7 S OUR S ERVICE (8)
4.8 P HOSGENE S ERVICE (8)
4.9 CYCLIC SERVICE (8)
4.10 N ON-METALLIC P IPING (8)
4.11 UNDERGROUND SERVICES (9)
4.12 CAUSTIC SERVICE (9)
5.ITEM DESCRIPTIONS (9)
5.1 BULK MATERIALS (9)
5.2 O UT-OF-S PEC ITEMS (9)
5.3 SPECIALTY ITEMS (9)
6.MATERIALS AND DESIGN (10)
6.1 V ALVES (10)
6.2 P IPE (10)
6.3 F LANGES (12)
6.4 G ASKETS (13)
6.5 B OLTING (13)
6.6 B LANKS,P ADDLE B LANKS AND P ADDLE S PACERS (14)
6.7 S TRAINERS (14)
6.8 S TEAM TRAPS (14)
6.9 H OSES AND H OSE C OUPLINGS (14)
6.10 S UPPORT M ATERIALS (14)
6.11 E XPANSION J OINTS (14)
6.12 I NSULATION, TRACING AND PAINTING (15)
6.13 V ENTS,D RAINS AND INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS (15)
7.SPECIAL SERVICE REQUIREMENTS (15)
7.1 P HOSGENE S ERVICE (15)
8.CONSTRUCTION (15)
8.1 GENERAL (15)
8.2 P IPE T HREAD C OMPOUNDS (15)
8.3 S EAL W ELDING (16)
8.4 V ALVE I NSTALLATION (16)
8.5 T EMPORARY S TARTUP S TRAINERS (1716)
9.MATERIAL TRACEABILITY (17)
9.1 CERTIFICATION (17)
9.2 P OSITIVE M ATERIAL I DENTIFICATION (17)
APPENDIX 1 – VENT AND DRAIN CONNECTIONS (18)
APPENDIX 2 – STRESS RELIEF REQUIREMENTS FOR CAUSTIC SERVICE (20)
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Record of Revisions
This specification has been revised as indicated and described in the revision record below. Please destroy all previous revisions.
12010-05-15Schumacher NN9Corrected reference to document
0 2009-08-31 Schumacher
Wetzel
NN All Issued for BE P2
Revi-sion No
Date
(yyyy-mm-dd)
Originator Reviewed by Pages Description
REV: 10
1. SCOPE
This specification prescribes the requirements for materials of construction used in the design and fabrication of process and utility piping systems for the Project.
Included are pertinent notes related to construction, operation or safety. Impulse piping for
Instruments and building utility piping systems are excluded from this specification.
This Specification covers the requirements of BASF Piping Material Specification GEN-0-
PIPE-SP-0001.
2. DEFINITIONS
The following words are used throughout this specification
2.1 When the terms “Authorised”, “Authorisation”, “Approval” or “Approved” are used in
this specification, it shall mean authorisation or approval from the Owner.
2.2 The term “PID” means: Piping and Instrumentation Diagram.
2.3 “Piping” is understood to be assemblies of pipe, flanges, gaskets, fittings, valves and
pressure containing parts of other piping components such as expansion joints, swivel
joints, strainers and devices which are used for mixing, separating, distributing,
metering and controlling of flow. It also includes pipe support elements.
2.4 Piping does not include supporting structures such as frames of buildings, stanchions
or pipe supporting elements fixed to structures, or foundations, nor any equipment
such as heat exchangers, vessels, columns, pumps etc., or instrument impulse lines
or air and flue gas ducting.
2.5 The term Pipe Class means a compilation of standard components suitable for a
specified fluid code.
2.6 The term Fluid Code means a unique code for each single medium.
3. CODES, REFERENCES, SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS
The publications referenced in this section form part of this specification. Each publication is
the latest revision and addendum in effect at the time of the project’s execution unless noted otherwise.
3.1 CONFLICT OF REQUIREMENTS
3.1.1 Whenever a difference exists between the requirements of this specification including
codes and standards referenced and the requirements of the national or local
governing authority, then the most stringent will apply.
3.1.2 Whenever a difference exists between the requirements of this specification and the
requirements of codes and standards referenced, then this specification shall govern.
No deviation shall be made from this specification without written Owner
Authorization.
3.1.3 Whenever a difference exists between the requirements of this specification and the
requirements of other Project Company specifications, then this shall be brought to
the attention of the Owner in writing for resolution.
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3.2 DESIGN CODE
3.2.1 International Codes
3.2.1.1 Piping systems, and therefore all piping components part thereof, shall be designed
and fabricated in accordance with ASME B31.3, “Process Piping”, part of the
American National Standard Code For Pressure Piping B31, unless otherwise
noted.
3.2.1.2 This specification shall be used with other sections of the ASME B31 Code and/or
Sections of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, where applicable.
3.2.1.3 The limits of piping governed by codes other than ASME B31.3 shall be indicated on
the flow diagram / PID’s.
3.2.1.4 Piping serving buildings and areas other than plant or process areas shall conform
to applicable plumbing, heating and ventilating or refrigeration codes.
3.2.2 National PRC Codes
3.2.2.1 Mandatory Sections of GB 50316-2000 “Design code for industrial metallic piping”
that are additional or prevail over ASME B31.3 design code have been implemented
in this Piping Material Specification.
3.3 REFERENCES
3.3.1 The specification shall be used in conjunction with all codes, standards, and
specifications listed below, where applicable:
3.3.2 Project Specifications
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0002 Process and Utility Piping Design, Layout and
Drawing Specification
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0004 Piping Flexibility Analysis Specification
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0006 Purchase Specification for Valves
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0007 Purchase Specification for Pipe
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0008 Purchase Specification for Fittings
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0009 Purchase Specification for Flanges
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0011 Purchase Specification for Bolts
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0010 Purchase Specification for Gaskets
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0040 Purchase Specification for Commodity Items
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0012 Specification for Pipe Supports
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0013 Specification for Thermal Heat Tracing
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0014 Specification for Re-inforced Plastic Pipe
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0015 Specification for Special Piping Items
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0041 Specification for High Alloy Pipe
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0042 Specification for High Alloy Fittings
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0043 Specification for High Alloy Flanges
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0016 Certification, Marking and Colour Coding of Bulk
Piping Materials
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0044 Purchase Specification for Glass Lined Carbon
Steel Piping
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0033 Purchase Specification for Pre-fabricated Jacketed
Pipe Spools.
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0030 Purchase Specification for PE- and PP-Lined
RTRP piping Systems.
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0031 Purchase Specification for PTFE Lined SS 304L
Piping Systems
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0032 - Purchase Specification for HD-PTFE Lined CS
Piping Systems
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0033 Specification for Pre-Fabricated Jacketed Pipe
Spools
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- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0018 Piping Standard Design Details
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0021 Design Notes for PTFE Lined Carbon Steel Pipe
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0024 Specification for Struts, Dampers, Snubbers, Sway Braces and other Restraints
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0026 Piece Marking Fabricated Pipe
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0027 Control of Piping Material and Fabrication Records by Piping Fabricators
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0029 Design / Selection of Spring Support
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0035 Specification for the Installation and
Commissioning of Spring Supports
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0037 Specification for the Design and Purchase of
Metallic Expansion Joints
- GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0038 Specification for Non – Metallic Expansion Joints
- GEN-0-TECH-PH-0002 Philosophy for Phosgene Service
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0001 Protective Paint and Coatings
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0002 Cold Service Insulation
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0003 Hot Service Insulation
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0004 Coating and Wrapping of Buried Pipework
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0008 General Requirements for Welded Fabrication
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0010 Winterisation of Piping and Equipment
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0012 Pre-commission Cleaning of Pipework
- GEN-0-TECH-SP-0013 Controlled Bolt Tensioning
3.3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)
- B31.3 Process Piping
- B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
- B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
- B16.24 Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
- B16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End.
- B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
- B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 through NPS 60
- B16.48 Steel Line Blanks
- B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
- B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe
3.3.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
- Section V Nondestructive Examination
- Section VIII Division 1 Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
- Section IX Qualification Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and Brazing Operators
3.3.5 API (American Petroleum Institute)
- RP 941 Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures and
Pressures in Petroleum Refineries and Petrochemical Plants
3.3.6 NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers)
- MR 0103 Materials Resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking in Corrosive
Petroleum Refining Environments
3.3.7 EN (European Norm)
- EN 10204 Metallic Products – Types of Inspection Documents
- EN 1092-1 Flanges and their joints – Circular flanges for Pipes, Valves, Fittings and accessories, PN designated (Part 1: Steel Flanges)
- EN1092-2 Flanges and their Joints – Circular flanges for Pipe, Valves,
Fittings and Accessories, PN designated – Part 2: Cast Iron Flanges
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4. TERMINOLOGY
4.1 BASE DESIGN CODE
Piping systems in this specification are categorized in the individual Pipe Class in accordance with ASME B31.3 para. 300, as follows:
4.1.1 Normal Fluid Service
A fluid Service pertaining to most Piping, covered by ASME B31.3 Chapter I through
VI, not subject to the rules for Category D, Category M, or High Pressure Fluid
Service.
4.1.2 Category D Fluid Service
A fluid service, covered by ASME B31.3 Chapter I through VI with relaxation on
several inspection and testing requirements, for which all of the following applies:
- The fluid is nonflammable and nontoxic and not damaging to human tissues as defined in para.300.2
- The design gage pressure does not exceed 1035 kPa (10.35 barg)
- The design temperature is from –29°C through 186°C
4.1.3 Category M Fluid Service
A fluid service, covered by ASME B31.3 Chapter I through VI and VIII, in which the
potential for personnel exposure is judged to be significant and in which a single
exposure to a very small quantity of a toxic fluid, caused by leakage, can produce
serious irreversible harm to persons on breathing or bodily contact, even when
prompt restorative measures are taken.
4.1.4 High Pressure Fluid Service:
A fluid service, covered by ASME B31.3 Chapter I through VI and IX, for which the
Project specifies the use of Chapter IX for piping design and construction.
4.2 DESIGN CONDITIONS
4.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, pressures and temperatures refer to design conditions.
Pressures specified for the individual Pipe Class are positive pressures.
4.2.2 Design Pressure of a piping system shall be as per ASME B31.3. paragraph 301.2.1.
If a piping system can be blocked in or isolated from a pressure relieving device, it
shall be designed for not less than the maximum pressure that can be developed
under those conditions.
4.2.3 Design Temperature of a piping system shall be as per ASME B31.3. paragraph
301.3.
4.2.4 Other design condition considerations shall include:
- Internal vacuum caused by reduction of pressure due to cooling of gas or vapour.
- Increased pressure caused by fluid expansion.
- “Steam out” conditions. However vacuum conditions as a result of Steam Out will not occur because this will always be done on vented systems.
- “Occasional” variation of pressure and temperature, above operating levels.
4.2.5 Pressure-Temperature Ratings
Pressure-temperature of piping systems shall be based on:
- ASME B16.5 table 2 for Steel Pipe systems NPS 24 and smaller
- ASME B16.47 table 2 for Steel Pipe systems NPS 26 and larger
- ASME B16.1 table 2 for Cast Iron Pipe systems
- ASME B16.42 table 1 for Ductile Iron Pipe systems
- ASME B16.24 table 1 for Copper Alloy Pipe Systems
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- ASME B16.34 table 2 for Steel Valves.
4.3 PIPE WALL THICKNESS
4.3.1 Piping component wall thicknesses are based only on design considerations of
pressure, temperature, and allowances for corrosion, erosion, manufacturer’s minus
tolerance, and any allowance for the depth of threads or grooves.
4.3.2 Piping component wall thicknesses do not include additional thickness that may be
required to compensate for design considerations such as thermal loads due to
restraints, live loads, hydraulic shock, or loads and sources from other causes, all of
which must be considered in the design of piping systems.
4.3.3 Piping subjected to a negative pressure shall be investigated on an individual basis.
Piping components specified in the applicable Pipe Class may not be suitable for
vacuum conditions.
4.4 CORROSION ALLOWANCE
4.4.1 Corrosion allowances for the individual Pipe Classes are listed in the Pipe Service
index Document GEN-0-PIPE-PC-0424.
4.4.2 Corrosion allowances different than specified for the individual Pipe Classes, shall be
indicated on P&ID’s.
4.5 HYDROGEN SERVICE
Hydrogen Service is defined as 700 kPa absolute (7 bara) or greater partial pressure of
hydrogen. Selection of steels for hydrogen service is based on American Petroleum Institute Publication 941.
4.6 SOUR WATER SERVICE
Sour Water Service is defined as a fluid stream that contains liquid water and at least 50 ppm (mg/Kg) of dissolved hydrogen sulfide.
4.7 SOUR SERVICE
Sour Service is defined as a system having at least 350 Pa absolute (0.0035 bara) partial
pressure of hydrogen sulfide, above 455 kPa absolute (4.55 bara) total pressure.
4.8 PHOSGENE SERVICE
Phosgene Service is defined as follows:
- Liquid lines in which the partial pressure of phosgene exceeds 0.03 barg at ambient temperature or the operating temperature, whichever is greater.
- Vapour streams at pressures above atmospheric for which the Phosgene partial pressure exceeds 0.03 barg.
- Vapour streams at less than atmospheric pressure for which the partial pressure of phosgene exceeds 0.1 barg.
4.9 CYCLIC SERVICE
Flanged joints are subject to controlled tightening. See also paragraph 6.6.7.
4.10 NON-METALLIC PIPING
Non-metallic piping, such as Concrete, High Density Poly-Ethylene, (HDPE), Chlorinated
Poly-Vinyl Chloride, (CPVC) or Fibre Reinforced Plastic, (FRP), is covered by ASME B31.3 Chapter VII. Design, fabrication and testing of nonmetallic piping shall be in full accordance
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with this section of the base code. ASTM specifications referenced in ASME B31.3 table
A326.1 must be followed in all cases, as applicable.
4.11 UNDERGROUND SERVICES
Metallic underground piping shall be coated and wrapped in accordance with Owner
Specification GEN-0-TECH-SP-0004, ‘Coating and Wrapping of Buried Pipework’.
When specified and agreed with Owner only, buried grey Cast Iron, Ductile Iron, etc, shall be protected by means of wrapping per GEN-0-TECH-SP-0004.
Plastic, concrete and other non-metallic piping where used for underground systems shall not be protected.
4.12 CAUSTIC SERVICE
The resistance of carbon, stainless and Ni-based alloys in caustic service depends on
temperature and caustic concentration, see appendix 2.
5. ITEM DESCRIPTIONS
5.1 BULK MATERIALS
The item descriptions specified in the individual Pipe Classes are abbreviated and shall not be used for purchase. For full ‘Purchase Descriptions’ reference should be made to the ‘Piping
Material Commodity Catalogue’ (GEN-0-PIPE-PC-0424-ATT-01).
Generally, only the items listed in the Pipe Classes may be used in a piping system but
if/when any non-listed components are required, they will be treated as “Speciality” items. The use of such items shall be agreed by and their specification issued by the Piping Material
Engineer.
All Purchase Descriptions shall also be read in conjunction with the appropriate ‘Piping
Material Purchase Specification’ & the ‘Piping Material Traceability Specification’ as
referenced in 3 above.
5.2 OUT-OF-SPEC ITEMS
Various in-line piping components, although ‘standard’ and although not included in specific
Pipe Classes, may be used with the approval of the Piping Material Engineer, i.e., to mate
with a different flange rating, wall thickness, etc. Such items will be treated as ‘Out-of-Spec’
items and a full Purchase Description will be included in the ‘Piping Materials Commodity
Catalogue’ by the Piping Material Engineer.
Requirements for ‘Calculated Wall Thickness’ piping items, to meet specific Design conditions are indicated on P&ID’s. Such items are treated as ‘Out-of-Spec’ items. Full Purchase
Description for such items will be included in the ‘Piping Materials Commodity Catalogue’ by
the Piping Material Engineer
5.3 SPECIALTY ITEMS
Requirements for ‘Special’ in-line piping items, required to meet specific Process and/or
Design requirements are indicated on P&ID’s and such items are treated as ‘Speciality ‘/’SP’ items. They will be listed in a Specialty Item List (XXXX-0-PIPE-SI-0447). A full Purchase
Description for such items will be included in the XXXX-0-PIPE-SI-0404 document.
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6. MATERIALS AND DESIGN
6.1 VALVES
6.1.1 Materials and type of Valves are identified in the Valve class table and specifications
GEN-0-PIPE-PC-0426 and are as such implemented in the Pipe Service Indices
XXX-0-PIPE-PC-0421.
6.1.2 Purchasing requirements for Valves shall conform to Project Purchase specification
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0006 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS and ASTM standards
listed therein.
6.1.3 Valve ends shall be as determined per Pipe Class, except:
- Threaded end valves are not permitted in piping systems of ‘Category M’ Fluid Service, High Pressure Fluid Service and Steam Service.
- Flanged valves shall be used in place of Socket weld valves in locations where isolation by blinding is required.
- Flanged valves shall be used in place of Socket weld or Threaded end valves whenever mounted directly to vessels or other equipment that has been furnished
with flanged connections.
- For Buttweld end valves the required schedule, weight or wall thickness shall match the piping components.
6.1.4 Cast Iron and Copper Alloy valves may only be used in piping systems of ‘Category
D’ Fluid Service.
6.1.5 Valve Operators shall be as per the Valve design standard and the additional
requirements of Project Purchase specification GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0006.
6.2 PIPE
6.2.1 Purchasing requirements for Pipe shall conform to Project Purchase specification
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0007, GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0041 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS
and ASTM standards listed therein.
6.2.2 Nominal sizes NPS 1¼, 2½, 3½, 5 and 22 shall not be used. Above NPS 24 the
preference is for the following sizes: NPS 30, 36, 42, 48, 60, 72.
6.2.3 Selection of wall thicknesses for Carbon and Low and Intermediate Alloy steel pipe
shall follow ASME B36.10M. Preferably, only wall thicknesses with ‘Identification’, i.e.
Standard (STD), Extra-Strong (XS), Double Extra-Strong (XXS) or a schedule No. will
be selected.
Selection of wall thicknesses for Stainless and High Alloy steel shall follow ASME
B36.19M. Where calculated wall thicknesses are in excess of ASME B36.19M
selection shall follow the requirements of Carbon steel pipe.
6.2.4 All screwed and socket-weld piping subject to vibration shall be at least size NPS 1
and not less than schedule 160. The only exceptions to this requirement are:
- NPS 3/4 nipples (Sch. 160 minimum) are permitted for gauge class connections.
- NPS 1/2 and 3/4 nipples (Sch. 160 min.) are permitted for orifice flange tap
connections.
Other exceptions are subject to Owner authorization. Screwed piping subject to
vibration shall be "seal-welded".
In vibration service bracing (gusseting) is required for small diameter branches NPS
1-½ and below.
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Fittings and Branch Connections
6.2.5 Purchasing requirements for Fittings shall conform to Project Purchase specification
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0008, GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0042 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS and ASTM standards listed therein.
6.2.6 The following large diameter reducers are only applicable for pipe class UH4. If
similar sizes are required for other pipe classes, then approval from the engineering department is required.
Build-in-Dimensions of Large Diameter (above NPS 48) welded and seamless
reducers for pipe class UH4 are defined as follows:
Nominal
Pipe Size (NPS) End-to-
End H
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
End-to-
End H
Nominal
Pipe Size
(NPS)
End-to-
End H
50 X 30 2000 X 40 1800 76 X 40 2200 50 X 32 1800 X 42 1700 76 X 42 2100 50 X 34 1600 X 44 1600 76 X 44 2000 50 X 36 1400 X 46 1500 76 X 46 1900 50 X 38 1200 X 48 1400 76 X 48 1800 50 X 40 1000 X 52 1000 76 X 52 1600 50 X 42 800 X 56 800 76 X 56 1400 50 X 44 800 X 60 700 76 X 60 1100 50 X 46 800 76 X 900 50 X 48 700 68 X 40 1800 76 X 68 900
68 X 42 1700 76 X 72 900 52 X 40 1100 68 X 44 1600
52 X 42 1000 68 X 46 1500 80 X 32 2600 52 X 44 900 68 X 48 1400 80 X 34 2500 52 X 46 800 68 X 52 1000 80 X 36 2400 52 X 48 700 68 X 56 800 80 X 38 2300
68 X 60 700 80 X 40 2200 56 X 40 1100 68 X 700 80 X 42 2100 56 X 42 1000 80 X 44 2000 56 X 44 900 72 X 40 1800 80 X 46 1900 56 X 46 800 72 X 42 1700 80 X 48 1800 56 X 48 700 72 X 44 1600 80 X 52 1600 56 X 52 700 72 X 46 1500 80 X 56 1400
72 X 48 1400 80 X 60 1100 60 X 40 1100 72 X 52 1000 80 X 900 60 X 42 1000 72 X 56 800 80 X 68 900 60 X 44 900 72 X 60 700 80 X 72 900 60 X 46 800 72 X 700 80 X 76 900 60 X 48 700 72 X 68 700
60 X 52 700
60 X 56 700
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6.2.7 Branch Connections shall be as specified in the Pipe Class Specifications (GEN-0-
PIPE-PC-0424). For Pipe to Pipe branch connections, Stub-On type shall be used.
Based on Stress Analysis, additional reinforcement may be required.
6.2.8 Reinforcing Branch fittings (O-Lets) shall be designed in a way that they provide
100% reinforcement of the header material of same mechanical properties,
irrespective of service conditions. These fittings shall not be used in Stainless steel
Pipe systems with wall thickness 5S and in Galvanized pipe systems.
6.3 FLANGES
6.3.1 Purchasing requirements for Flanges shall conform to Project Purchase specification
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0009, GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0043 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS
and ASTM standards listed therein.
6.3.2 Flanged connections shall be limited as much as possible.
6.3.3 Flanges NPS ½ up to and including NPS 24 shall, by default, be as per ASME B16.5.
Flanges not conforming to one of the standards listed in 4.2.5 shall be specified on
PID’s.
6.3.4 Large diameter flanges (NPS 26 up to and including NPS 60) shall, by default, be as
per ASME B16.47 (Series A).
Flanges not conforming to one of the standards listed in 4.2.5 shall be specified on
PID’s. The use of ASME B16.47 (Series B) flanges requires Owner approval, and
shall only be used where specifically required.
6.3.5 A flange with two (2) jack screws has to be installed at Blanks for pipe sizes NPS 6
and above as per GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0018 tables 14.1 and 14.2.
- In a flange set containing a blank, one flange has to be provided with two jack screws and the other shall be a standard flange.
- For blanks against equipment nozzles, the nozzle is to be considered the
'Standard' flange. A Flange with two jack screws is to be used as counter flange.
6.3.6 Weld Neck, Socket weld and Orifice flanges shall be specified with bore or
schedule/weight to match the pipe inside diameter.
6.3.7 Cast Iron and Copper Alloy flanges may only be used in piping systems of ‘Category
D’ Fluid Service.
6.3.8 Class 150 or 300 flat face steel flanges with full face gaskets shall be used to mate
with Class 125 or 250 flat face cast iron or bronze flanges.
6.3.9 Threaded flanges are not permitted in piping systems of ‘Category M’ Fluid Service,
High Pressure Fluid Service and Steam Service. The use of threaded flanges in
Normal Fluid Service shall be limited, and reference made to the relevant Pipe Class.
6.3.10 Lap-Joint flanges shall not be used in the following locations:
- Valved Vent, Drain and Instrument Connections
- Wafer type Valves
- Blind Flanges
- Blanks (Spectacle Blinds), Paddle Blanks or Paddle Spacers
Lap-Joint Stub ends shall conform to ASME B16.9 table 10, short pattern type.
6.3.11 Orifice flanges shall have a minimum size of NPS 2 and a bore to match the pipe
inside diameter. Orifice taps shall be 1/2" NPT or NPS as a minimum, as detailed in
the Pipe Class.
Orifice flanges shall conform to ASME B16.36.
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6.4 GASKETS
6.4.1 Purchasing requirements for Gaskets shall conform to Project Purchase specification
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0010 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS and ASTM standards
listed therein.
6.4.2 Materials and type of Gaskets are identified in the Pipe Service Indices XXX-0-PIPE-
PC-0421 and the related document GEN-0-PIPE-PC-0425.
6.5 BOLTING
6.5.1 Purchasing requirements for Bolting shall conform to Project Purchase specifications
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0011 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS and ASTM standards
listed therein.
6.5.2 Bolt and Studbolt lengths and diameter shall be as specified for the flange size and
rating class for the applicable flange standards listed in section 4.2.5, converted to
millimeters and used in 5 mm increments.
6.5.3 Bolting material to be used for carbon steel and stainless steel flanged connections
shall be as per attached Pipe Classes in GEN-0-PIPE-PC-0424.
6.5.4 For fit-up of Steel flanges in services other than “Category D Fluid Service”, use only
Studbolts.
6.5.5 Threading shall be in accordance with ASME B1.1, Class 2A for bolts, and Class 2B
for nuts. The coarse thread series shall be applied for all Carbon steel bolting. For
alloy steel bolting the coarse thread series shall be applied for sizes 1 inch and
smaller and the 8 pitch (8UN) thread series for sizes 11/8 inch and above.
6.5.6 All bolting required for use in systems for "High Pressure Piping" shall be, in addition
to all as stated in the purchase specification, in full compliance to the requirements of
ASME BPV Code Section VIII, Division 2, Article M-5 and all references made
therein.
6.5.7 Controlled Bolt Tightening shall be applied as per Specification GEN-0-TECH-SP-
0013. This may result in longer then standard bolts. Each joint shall be identified on
the piping isometric, vessel drawing or equipment drawings or as applicable. Flanged
joints to be subject to controlled tightening are listed below.
•For individually designed flanged joints where a required bolt stress is a design requirement.
•For Joints with a bolt diameter greater than or equal to 38mm.
•For Pipe with NPS equal to or greater than those shown in the table below.
Cyclic Service
Rating
Design Temperature (°C)
< 340 (note 1) 340 to 430 > 430
150# None 20” 6” 6” (note 2)
300# 22” 16” 6” 6” (note 2)
400# 18” 14” 6” 6” (note 2)
600# 16” 12” 6” 6” (note 2)
900# 14” 8” 6” 6” (note 2)
1500# 6” 6” 6” 6” (note 2)
2500# 4” 4” 4” 4” (note 2)
Note 1 Below 340 °C the bolt size governs the requi rement for controlled
tightening. (ie. Bolt size >= 38mm).
•For any other flanged joint defined as critical by Owner.
REV: 10
6.6 BLANKS, PADDLE BLANKS AND PADDLE SPACERS
6.6.1 Purchasing requirements for Blanks shall conform to Project Purchase specifications
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0009, GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0043 and the applicable ASME, API, MSS
and ASTM standards listed therein.
6.6.2 Dimensions of Blanks (Spectacle Blinds), Paddle Blanks (Spades) and Paddle
Spacers shall comply with the requirements of ASME B16.48 for the applicable flange
class and facing. Materials shall be as per table 1 of this standard. Sizes NPS 26 and
larger shall be designed to the intent of ASME B16.48 and require thickness
calculation in accordance with ASME B31.3 paragraph 304.5.3.
Size Definition for in-line Blinds, applicable to all Pipe Classes:
Rating Figure-8 Spade/Spacers Notes
Class 150 1/2 – 14 16 and larger 1)
Class 300 1/2 – 10 12 and larger 1)
Class 600 1/2 – 8 10 and larger
Class 900 1/2 – 8 10 and larger
Class 1500 1/2 – 6 8 and larger
1)Provisions for the insertion of Paddle Blanks (Spades) by means of Paddle
Spacers, shall be made in case of rigid piping, and in piping with sizes NPS 10 and
larger connected to vessels, columns etc., unless a natural break-out spool is
available.
6.7 STRAINERS
Temporary startup strainers shall be of conical (witch head) type and shall have an open area of 150%. They shall have suitable perforations to adequately protect the equipment. Details for Strainers are provided in the Project Specification GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0060.
6.8 STEAM TRAPS
All Steam traps shall be removable or shall have a construction which allows replacement / repair of their internals. Steam traps in continuous heating processes shall be as specified on the P&ID.
6.9 HOSES AND HOSE COUPLINGS
Hoses and Hose couplings shall be of commonly available make and type. Hoses for utility stations shall have 15 meter length. Hose couplings in Category M Fluid service shall always be Quick Connect type. The Pipe end of all couplings shall match the Pipe Specification
standard connection details.
6.10 SUPPORT MATERIALS
For requirements on Pipe supports, anchors, guides, hanger rods, pick-ups, etc., see Project specification GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0012. For requirements on Struts, Dampers, Snubbers and
Spring supports/hangers see Project specifications GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0024 and 0029.
6.11 EXPANSION JOINTS
For requirements on expansion joints refer to project specifications GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0037 and GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0038.
REV: 10
6.12 INSULATION, TRACING AND PAINTING
6.12.1 Piping Insulation material, thickness and installation requirements are detailed in
Project specification GEN-0-TECH-SP-0002 and GEN-0-TECH-SP-0003. Acoustical
Insulation shall be per Project philosophy GEN-0-TECH-PH-0001.
6.12.2 The requirements for Steam tracing installation shall be per Project specifications
GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0013 and GEN-0-TECH-SP-0010.
6.12.3 Painting and Paint colour requirements are identified in Project specification GEN-0-
TECH-SP-0001 and GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0016.
6.12.4 Valves in insulated or protected lines shall be designed and procured including a
stem extension if necessary. Technical requirements are prescribed in GEN-0-PIPE-
SP-0006 Purchase specification for valves paragraph 6.6.5.
6.13 VENTS, DRAINS AND INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS
Vents drains and instrument connections are detailed in Appendix 1 of this Specification.
Hydrostatic vents and drains shall be provided at the high and low points of piping, specified on the isometric drawing. These will not be shown on P&ID’s. The P&ID’s shall indicate the
size of process vents, drains and bleeds required for plant operation. Plant air, instrument air and nitrogen lines that will be service tested do not require vents.
7. SPECIAL SERVICE REQUIREMENTS
Following Special Services are subject to specific requirements, as specified below.
7.1 PHOSGENE SERVICE
All piping in phosgene service shall, as a minimum, be designed to ASME B31.3 Chapter VIII "Piping for category M Fluid Service" (latest edition). Although not limited to, all requirements as per separated Project Specification MDI-0-PROS-PH-1012 shall apply!
8. CONSTRUCTION
8.1 GENERAL
8.1.1 Fabrication, installation, welding, heat treatment, examination, inspection, testing and
cleaning Process and utility piping shall be designed, fabricated, installed, welded,
heat treated, examined, inspected, tested and cleaned in accordance with the rules of
ASME B31.3, ASME V and ASME IX. In addition, Project Specifications as listed in
Chapter 3 are applicable.
8.2 PIPE THREAD COMPOUNDS
8.2.1 Pipe Thread Compounds, wherever used, shall lubricate the threads at points of
contact to facilitate assembly but should not shrink, dissolve, melt or sublime with fluid
and design temperature handled.
8.2.2 Thread compounds shall not damage nor form explosive or spontaneously flammable
compounds with the fluid being handled. Thread compounds shall not corrode the
pipe material.
REV: 10
8.2.3 In the following services the types of pipe thread compound to be used shall be:
- Air and Water: Copper Graphite Anti-Seize
- Hydrocarbons: Nickel Based Anti-Seize
- Potable Water: PTFE sealing tape
- Steam: Colloidal Copper
8.2.4 Pipe Thread Compounds or Tape shall not be used if seal welding is required.
8.3 SEAL WELDING
8.3.1 Seal welding is required for threaded joints in hydrogen, lethal and toxic services,
Category M fluid service where threading cannot be avoided and any line subject to
vibration.
8.3.2 Seal welding shall entail the following connections:
- On threaded connections on pressure vessels up to the first block valve.
- On the upstream side only of the last block valve in piping connected to an atmospheric system such as a vent, drain, sample connection, or hose station.
- With screwed control valves and pressure relief valves fitted with close-coupled flanges.
- On orifice flange plugs and fittings up to the first block valve.
- On plugs used for unvalved hydrostatic vents or drains after completion of
hydrotest.
8.3.3 Ball and plug valves shall be disassembled prior to seal welding to prevent heat
damage to stem packing and seals.
8.3.4 When seal welding one side of a valve, the threads on the other side shall be
protected or chased after welding.
8.3.5 The following shall not be "seal-welded":
- Screwed ends of instruments, control valves, relief valves, sample valves or steam traps.
- Screwed ends of gage glasses, gage cocks, level alarms, level controllers or pressure gages.
- Thermowells screwed into line fittings (e.g. Threadolets).
- Valved drain or vent plugs.
- Union nuts.
- Tubing connections.
- Open end vent or drain piping downstream of last block valve.
- Connections to pumps or other mechanical equipment.
- Galvanized piping and bronze valves
8.4 VALVE INSTALLATION
8.4.1 The preferred orientation for swing, single-plate and split-disc type check valves is
horizontal; however, vertical orientation is an acceptable alternative in upward flow
installations. Where allowed, split-disc wafer type check valves, when installed in
horizontal lines, shall be installed with the shaft in the vertical position. Other types of
check valves shall be installed in the horizontal position. Other orientations require
Owner Authorization.
8.4.2 For reciprocating pumps and compressor discharge lines, the type of check valve
shall be investigated individually.
8.4.3 Butterfly valves shall be installed with the stem in horizontal position.
8.4.4 Flanged valves shall be used whenever possible due to maintenance reasons.
8.5 TEMPORARY STARTUP STRAINERS
Temporary startup strainers shall be installed in a removable spool piece with the cone
pointing in the upstream direction.
9. MATERIAL TRACEABILITY
9.1 CERTIFICATION
Certification, Traceability, Marking and Color Coding requirements shall be in accordance with GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0016, Specification for Piping Material Identification, Certification, marking
and Colour Coding.
9.2 POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION
Positive Material Identification shall be in accordance with GEN-0-PIPE-SP-0016,
Specification for Piping Material Identification, Certification, marking and Colour Coding and
GEN-0-TECH-SP-0009, Positive Material Identification.
REV: 10 APPENDIX 1 – VENT AND DRAIN CONNECTIONS.
NOTES:
1. In case the Branch Connection is a stub-on place the Nipple/Pipe direct on the header Pipe.
REV: 10
NOTES:
1. In case the Branch Connection is a stub-on place the Nipple/Pipe direct on the header Pipe.
8. Use 3" long NIPPLES for SW Piping.
REV: 10
APPENDIX 2 – STRESS RELIEF REQUIREMENTS FOR CAUSTIC SERVICE
For Carbon Steel Piping (49°C and Higher)
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