一：单元核心词汇详解
1.amusing adj. 有趣的，可笑的
【经典例句】
1)He is really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we’re getting bored. 他很能逗乐，当他觉得我们没意思的时候就给我们讲笑话。
2)What can we do to make our holiday more amusing? 我们做些什么来使我们的假日更有趣呢？
【词汇辨析】
amuse vt. 使快乐，给…..提供娱乐
amused adj.愉快的，感到有趣的
be amused at / by / with… 对……感到有趣
amusement n. 娱乐，消遣
to one's amusement使某人觉得有趣
辨析：amusing 与 amused
Amusing: 多用于修饰事物，令人感到有趣的
Amused：多用于修饰人，某人感到有趣
2.energetic adj.精力充沛的
【经典例句】
1)My father is lively and energetic, but he is not very patient. 我的父亲很活跃、精力充沛，但不太有耐心。
2)No one can feel sleepy while watching such an energetic performance.观赏如此充满活力的演出，没人会感到困难。
3.nervous adj.紧张的，害怕的
【经典例句】
1)My first impression of Ms Li was that she was nervous and shy. 我对的第一印象是她既紧张又害怕
2)The horse may be nervous of cars.这匹马可能害怕汽车。
【词汇解析】
Be nervous about 对……感到紧张
Be nervous of sb./sth. 怕见某人某事
4.patient adj. 耐心的
【经典例句】
1)She `s kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it! 她友善、耐心，把英语语法解释得清清楚楚，连我自己都懂了
2)He is patient of hardships.他能忍受苦难。
【词汇解析】
be patient with sb. 对某人耐心
be patient of sth. 对某事有耐心
5.organised adj. 有组织的,有系统的
【经典例句】
1)Some of our classes don’t like her, but most of us really appreciate her because her teaching is so well organized and clear. 有些同学不喜欢她，可班上的大部分同学都很欣赏她，因为她讲解非常有条理、清楚。
2)The department was badly organized until he took charge of it.这个部门在他掌管以前做的很差。
【词汇解析】
v. organize 组织
n. organization 组织，机构 n. organizer 组织者
adj. organized 1)有秩序的,效率高的
a highly organized person 一个很有条理的人
a well-organized office 工作效率高的办事处
2) 有安排的，有准备的
a badly organized event 组织得不好的事情
organized crime 有组织的犯罪活动
【高考试题链接】
In my view, London’s not as expensive in price as Tokyo but Tokyo is_____ traffic.(2008 上海)
A. the most organized B. more organized
C. so organized as D. as organized as
6.strict adj.严格的，严厉的
【经典例句】
1)She is very strict—we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.她很严格—除非她允许，否则我们连一句话都不敢说。
2)As a Puritan, he is strict in moral and religion.作为清教徒，他的道德和宗教观念都很严格。
【词汇解析】
be strict with sb/to sth. 对某人、某物严格
be strict in sth. 对…… 方面要求非常严格
strictly speaking 严格的说
7.impression n.印象
【经典例句】
1)My first impression of Ms Li was that she was nervous and shy. 我对的第一印象是她既紧张又害怕
2)I have the impression that I’ve seen that man before. 我觉得我以前见过那个人
【词汇解析】
vt. impress 给……留下极深的印象
impress sb with sth 给某人留下…的印象
China impressed this foreigner with the high speed of development.
impress on 使… 明白重要性；印上
impress on sb sth=impress sth on sb
He impressed on me the importance of work.
adj. impressive 给人印象深刻的
adj. impressionable 易受影响的
My first impression of Mrs Li was that she was nervous and shy.
我对最初的印象是她既紧张又害羞。
n.impression 印象，感想
one’s (first) impression of 某人对……的（最初）印象
make/have/leave a strong/deep/big … impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象
the impression of sb. / sth. 对某人或某物的印象
be impressed with/by/at sth 对…有印象
I’m impressed with his sense of humour.
They were very impressed by his new house.
8.avoid vt.(故意)避开
【经典例句】
1)She avoids making you feel stupid.她避免让你觉得自己很笨！
2)This leaflet tells you how to avoid getting ill while travelling.这本小册子告诉你怎样在旅行期间防止生病。
avoid 一次后面只能跟名词或者是动名词做宾语，不可以跟不定式.avoid (doing) sth. 避免（做）某事
9.hate vt.讨厌，不喜欢
【经典例句】
1)I’ve always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English. 我一直不愿意犯错误或者在说英语的时候发错单词的音。
2)I hate it when people ask me for money.我不喜欢别人向我要钱
【词汇解析】
Hate + n.讨厌某事
Hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事
Hate to do sth. 不想/不愿做某事
Hate it when/if… 讨厌…
【高考试题链接】
I hate____ when people talk with their mouths full
A. it B. that C. these D. them
11. immediately adv.立即，即可 Conj.一…就…
【经典例句】
1)When she asks you to do something, you do it immediately! 当她要你做什么，你得赶快做！
2)Cook the mixture for 10 minutes and serve immediately. 将混合物烹调10分钟后马上上桌。
3)I opened the letter immediately I got home我一回到家酒把信封拆了
4)Make sure the property you are buying is insured immediately you exchange contracts. 一交换合同，就应该立刻给所购房买保险。
【词汇解析】
adj. immediate 立刻的;(在时空，关系上)最接近的；直接的
n. immediacy 直接性，即时性，直观性
【高考试题链接】
I’m sure that your letter will get _____attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply. （09全国2 ）
A. continued B. immediate C. careful D. general
12.appreciate vt.感激，感谢；欣赏，重视；理解，意识到
【经典例句】
1)Some of our class don’t like her, but most of us really appreciate her because her teaching is so well organized and clear. 有些同学不喜欢她，可班上的大部分同学都很欣赏她，因为她讲解非常有条理、清楚。
2)Do you appreciate good wine? 你会鉴赏好酒吗？
3)Her abilities are not fully appreciated by her employer. 她的才干尚未得到她雇主的充分赏识。
【词汇辨析】
appreciate和 thank
appreciate 后跟事/物 thank 后跟人
①感激：appreciate sb / sth / doing
sb. will appreciate it if… 如果…的话，某人会很感激。
I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.
② 欣赏，鉴赏，赏识：appreciate sb. / sth
appreciate good wine 品尝美酒
appreciate the moon 赏月
appreciation n. 赞美；欣赏
in appreciation of 因赏识……而；因感激……而
13. admit v. 承认，招供; 准许，吸纳
【经典例句】
1)Tom admitted having stolen the car. 汤姆承认偷了那辆车。
2)I’m very glad that you are admitted into Beijing University. 我很高兴你被北京大学录取了
3)He was admitted to the hospital suffering from burns. 他由于烧伤被送入医院治疗
【词汇解析】
承认：admit（to）sth. 承认某事
admit doing sth. 承认做了某事
admit having done 承认干过某事
admit （to sb.）+ that 从句 向（某人）承认……
准许： admit sb to/into… 被准许…… 被… 录取, 准许加入（俱乐部、组织）；接收（入学）
admit…to/into… 准许…进入…
admit sb. to / into sp. 准许…进入(某处)
【高考试题链接】
If you leave the club, you will not be___ back in.(2009 全国二)
Received B. Admitted C. Turned D. Moved
14. respect vt. &n. vt. 尊敬；尊重 n. 尊敬，尊重；敬意，问候（pl.）；n.着眼点，方面
【经典例句】
1)We should respect other people’s culture and values.我们应该尊重其他民族的文化和价值观。
2)Children should show respect for teachers.学生要尊敬老师。
3)I think you are wrong in every respect.我觉得你各方面都错了。
1)respect v. 尊重, 尊敬
respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人
win/earn/gain the respect of sb 赢得…的尊敬get/gain one’s respect 赢得某人的尊重
show/have respect for sb= show one’s respect (to sb) 对….. 表示尊敬
give/send one’s respects (to sb) 致意，向某人问候
2)respect n. （of, for）尊敬；尊重 关心；注意
to pay (have) respect to 关心
3)in every respect / in all respects 在各个方面
in respect of 关于；就…来说
in this respect 在这个方面
pay one's respects 拜访
without respect to 不管；不考虑
with respect to 谈到
respect oneself. 自尊；自重
4) respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬人的
be respectful to sb. 尊敬某人
15.intelligent adj 聪明的
【经典例句】
1)Alice is so intelligent that she knows everything. 爱丽丝是如此的聪明以至于她什么都会。
2)That is an intelligent decision. 那是一个明智的决定。
16．completely adv,完全的，十分的
【经典例句】
1)I’ve always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs. Li just smiles, so that you don’t feel completely stupid!我一直不愿意犯错误或者在说英语时发错单词的音，但只是微笑着，这样你就不会感到自己很笨。
2)The park was completely empty.公园几乎空无一人。
17.loudly adv 大声地
【经典例句】
1)He talks loudly and fast, and waves his hands about a lot when he gets excited.他说话很响亮快速，激动时不停地挥动双手。
2)Loudly, please. 请大点声！
aloud 侧重于“让人听见”I read the story aloud to my brother.
Loud 指“ 响亮地、大声地 ”Please speak a bit louder.
loudly 与副词loud用义， 可互换Don’t talk too loud(ly).
18. Grade n. (美) 成绩；分数
【经典例句】
1)He received a falling grade on the term paper. 他的学期研究报告不及格。
2)Her grade in French is C. 她的法语成绩是C.
19. period n.一段时间
【经典例句】
1)Do you have any free periods in your timetable? 在你的时间安排里有空闲吗？
2)Which period of history are you studying? 你在学哪一段历史？
20. revision n.复习
【经典例句】
1)How much revision do you do before an exam? 考试前你进行多少复习？
2)Have you started your revision yet? 你已经开始复习了吗？
21.translation n.翻译
【经典例句】
1)Do you do a lot of translation in your language classes? 在语言课上你做大量的翻译练习了吗？
2)You have some errors in translation. 你在翻译中有错误。
22.discipline n.纪律
【经典例句】
1)This is true of France, Germany, and Spain, where discipline and respect for the teacher is considered very important. 这种情况也适合于法律、德国和西班牙，在这些国家里纪律和对老师的尊重是很重要的.
2)Mr. Li is strict in discipline. 纪律严明。
23.relationship n.关系
【经典例句】
1)In many European countries, for example, the relationship between teachers and students is quite formal. 例如在欧洲的一些国家里，师生之间的关系是非常正规的。
2)What is his relationship to you? 他和你有何关系？
build/ develop / foster a relationship 建立、发展、培养关系
strengthen/ improve the relationship 加强、改善关系
the relationship breaks down/ fails/ worsens 关系破裂/ 恶化
24.formal adj.正式的
【经典例句】
1)In many European countries, for example, the relationship between teachers and students is quite formal. 例如在欧洲的一些国家里，师生之间的关系是非常正规的。
2)She has a very formal manner. 她举止端庄。
25.relaxed adj.轻松的、松懈的；宽松的
【经典例句】
1)In northern European countries, however, the relationship between and students is much friendlier and more relaxed. 但是在北欧国家，师生关系更友好、更放松。
2)He appeared relaxed and confident before the match。 比赛前，他显得自信。
be relaxed with sb. 和某人相处随意而轻松
be relaxed about sth. 对某事感到很轻松
He appeared relaxed and confident before the match. 比赛之前，他显得镇定而自信。
relax v. 放松，休息
relaxing adj. (指物) 令人放松的，轻松的
a relaxing drink / walk / evening 使人感到轻松的一杯饮料/一次散步/一个夜晚
26. Similarly adv. 同样地，类似地
【经典例句】
1)Similarly，American has both state and private schools. 同样，美国既有公立学校又有私立学校。
2)This idea is similarly expressed in his book。 这一观点在他的书中也有类似的阐述。
27. patient adj. 容忍的，忍耐的；有忍耐力的 (反) impatient n. 病人
【经典例句】
You should be more patient with others.
He was patient of hardships. 他能吃苦。
I have run out of patience with her. = lose one’s patience
1）be patient with sb.
be patient of sth. 忍耐某事
2) patience n.
have patience with sb.
be out of patience with 对… 忍无可忍
have no patience with 对… 不能容忍
have the patience to do sth.
with patience = patiently
28. lively, living, live, alive
1）lively “ 活泼的，生动的”，可用作表语、定语，修饰人或物。
a lively child 活泼的孩子
a lively description 生动的描述
make our classes lively 使课堂生动
2) living “有生命的，活着的” 多作表语和前置定语, 可修饰人或物。
a living plant
living n. 生存
make a/one’s living
earn a/one’s living
3) live “ 活生生的；现场直播的，实况直播的”， 只用作前置定语，只修饰物，不指人。adj./adv.
a live tiger 一只活老虎
a live show/broadcast/TV program
a live show or a recorded show
4).alive 活着的” 用作表语（可与 living互换）， 宾补和后置定语，不能用作前置定语。
The fish is still alive/living.
He is the only man alive in the accident.
29. prefer
(1). prefer to do sth (表示某一次具体动作)
prefer doing sth (表示经常性、习惯性的动作) 宁愿做……
Though I prefer walking home, I prefer to take a taxi today as I am very tired.
(2)prefer sth 比较喜欢…… My father prefers those old songs
(3). prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth 宁可……也不……
I prefer sleeping at home to going shopping in such bad weather.
(4). prefer to do… rather than do… 宁愿做……, 而不做……
Jane prefers to do it herself rather than employ more workers.
(5). would rather do sth 宁愿做
The teacher would rather ask us to finish the exercises in school.
(6). would rather do … than do … 宁可……也不……
Some people would rather die than beg.
(7). would rather sb + 过去式 宁愿让某人干某事
I’d rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.
30. suggest vt. 1.建议；提议 = propose 2. 暗示
suggest doing sth. / suggest (that)…/ suggest wh-
She suggested (that) we have lunch at the new restaurant.
= She suggested having lunch at the new restaurant.
Please suggest where we should have dinner.
二：单元核心短语详解
1.make sure…确保
【经典例句】
1) Good teachers make sure that everyone in the class understands. 好老师们应确保班上的每一个人都听懂。
2) He arrived at the cinema early to make sure of a seat. 为保证占到座位他早早地就到了电影院。
make sb. / sth. do sth. 使某人/ 某事做……
make sb. / sth. done 使某人/ 某事被……
make sb. / sth. + n. adj. 使某人/ 某事……
make sure 查明，确定，弄清楚
Make sure to turn off the light before you leave. 临走前一定要熄灯。
make sure of/ that… 确保
be sure of /about/ that… 有把握，确信
be sure to do sth.
The exhibition is sure to be popular.
2.Like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
【经典例句】
1)But now, after two weeks, the class really likes working with her. 但是现在，两个星期后，全班同学都喜欢上她的课。
2)I like playing football after class. 我喜欢放学后踢足球。
3.So…that…如此…以至于…
【经典例句】
1)She `s kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!她友善、耐心，把英语语法解释得清清楚楚，连我自己都懂了。
2)The film Harry Potter is so interesting that all the children like it.
电影哈利波特如此有趣，以至于所有的孩子都喜欢看。
【词汇辨析】
辨析：so…that… 与such…that…
so…that…: so 后面跟形容词或副词
such…that…：such 后面接名词
so that 在此处引导表示结果的状语 从句， 意为“ 因此，这样……就”
She is very careful, so that she seldom makes a mistake.
她非常细心，因此她很少犯错。
【高考试题链接】
The Great Wall is___ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.(2009 上海)
A.so a well-known B. a so well-known
B.such well-known a D. such a well-known
Pop music is such an important part of society ___ it has even influenced our language.(上海)
A．as B. that C.which D.where
4.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
【经典例句】
1)She avoids making you feel stupid! 她避免上你觉得自己很笨。
2)This leaflet tells you how to avoid getting ill while travelling.这本小册子告诉你怎样在旅行期间防止生病。
5.Make progress 取得进步
【经典例句】
1)I feel I `m going to make progress with her! 我觉得跟着她学习一定会进步！
2)We made great progress with teachers` help. 在老师们的帮助下，我们在学习上取得很大进步。
make progress 取得进步
in progress 在进行中，在举行
make progress in 在…… 方面取得进步(进展)
make progress towards 朝着……(目标) 前进
make progress with 把…… 向前推进； 在…… (方面) 取得进展；
make fast, rapid, great, a lot of progress in (doing) sth 取得进步
6.Be strict with sb. in sth. 在…方面对…要求严格
【经典例句】
1)She `s very strict—— we don`t dare to say a word unless she asks us to. 她很严格——除非她允许，否则我们连一句话也不敢说。
2)Our manager is very strict with us in working. 我们的经理对我们做事要求很严格。
7.A bit 一点儿
【经典例句】
1)I think maybe she goes a bit too slowly for the faster students, but for me it `s wonderful! 我想对于那些学习较好的学生来说，她的进度也许有些慢，但对我来说正好！
2)Can you turn the radio down a bit, please? 请你把收音机的音量稍微小一点儿，好吗?
8. keep doing sth. 不停地/总是地做某事
【经典例句】
1)There are a few students in our class who keep coming to class late but they’re always on time for Mrs Chen`s lessons. 我们班有些同学上课总是迟到，可上陈老师的课却很准时！
2)They kept on working after dark.’天黑后他们继续工作。
keep on doing sth. 接连……反复…继续……表示动作的反复
keep doing sth. 一直不断地做某事 表示状态或动作的持续
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
e.g. He kept standing there for two hours without moving.
He kept on standing in the meeting.
【高考试题链接】
They use computers to keep the traffic____ smoothly.(2009 全国二)
A.being run B. run C. to run D. running
9.admit doing … 承认做…
【经典例句】
1)And a few students even admit liking her! 有些同学甚至趁人喜欢过她！
2)She admitted having done wrong. 她承认自己做错了。
10.as a result 因此，结果
【经典例句】
1)During scientific experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and as a result my work is improving. 做科学实验时，她准确无误地解释发生的一切，结果我的学习正在进步。
2)My car broke down on the way and as a result, I was late.我的车在路上出故障了，结果我迟到了。
【词汇辨析】as a result，as a result of,与 so
as a result=because of: “ 结果，因此”， 一般放在句首，后面加逗号
as a result of: “ 作为……的结果，由于……”后接名词或动名词做宾语
The sports meeting was put off as a result of the bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，运动会被推迟了
So: “ 因此，所以”， 既可以放在句首，可以放在句中，两种情况下， so后面都不加逗号。
I have finished my homework, so I can go to the cinema.
我已经完成了家庭作业，所以能去看电影了
【高考试题链接】
Jenny nearly missed the flight____ doing too much shopping. (2009 全国二)
A.as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of
11.do well in… 在…做得好
【经典例句】
1)Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I `ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me. 物理永远不会成为我最喜欢的学科，但我觉得由陈老师教我，今后考试我一定会考得不错的。
2)I do well in English. 我擅长英语。
12.Be popular with … 受…欢迎
【经典例句】
1)Mr Wu `s only been teaching us for two weeks and he` s already very popular. 吴老师只教了我们两个星期就已经很受大家欢迎了。
2)The Chinese elements are popular with foreign artists. 中国元素在国外艺术家中很流行。
13.Fall asleep 入睡，睡着
【经典例句】
1)He `s got so much energy, this is one class you do not fall asleep in. 他精力充沛，这是一节你不会想睡觉的课。
2)My father was so tired that he fall asleep quickly. 我爸爸是如此的疲倦以至于他很快就入睡了。
14.tell jokes 讲笑话，开玩笑==tell a joke
【经典例句】
1)He is really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we’re getting bored. 他很能逗乐，当他觉得我们没意思的时候就给我们讲笑话。
2)I can tell you a joke for you to make you happy.我可以给你讲一个笑话，让你快乐。
tell a joke / tell jokes 讲笑话
play a joke on sb. 取笑某人
have a joke with sb. 和某人说笑话
make jokes about sb. 开某人的玩笑，取笑某人
make fun of sb./sth. 嘲弄，捉弄，拿某人开玩笑
laugh at sb. 取笑某人
joke with sb. 与某人开玩笑
You’re joking! = You must be joking! 你一定在开玩笑！
15.Look like 看上去像，外表像
【经典例句】
1)Which paragraphs tell us what the teachers look like? 哪些段落描写了老师们的长相？
2)It looks like salt and it is salt. 那看着像盐，它的确也是盐。
16.Be up to 由某人来决定，能胜任…
【经典例句】
1)It `s up to you. 由你来决定。
2)I`m afraid Tim just isn`t up to the job. 我恐怕蒂姆做不了这份工作
①be up to sb. to do sth. 表示“ 应由某人做某事”,常用it作形式主语。
It is up to me to get the four of us moving.该由我来召集我们4个人动起来。
②be up to 表示“从事于，忙于”时，后面接名词、代词或ing形式等。
Go and see what these naughty boys are up to. 去看看这些顽皮的孩子在做什么。
③be up to 表示“胜任，适合，适于”，多用于否定句或疑问句。
Li Ping is not up to his work. 李平不能胜任他的工作。
④be up to 及得上，比得上
The new book of Smith's is not up to his last. 史密斯先生的这本新书不及他写的前一本好。
17.Be true of… (某种情况)适用于…；对…使用
【经典例句】
1)This is true of France, Germany, and Spain, where discipline and respect for the teacher is considered very important. 这种情况也适合于法国、德国和西班牙，在这些国家纪律和对老师的尊重被认为很重要。
2)The food is good and the same is true of the service. 食物很好，服务也不错。
18.Have difficulty/trouble/problems with sth. (in) doing sth.
【经典例句】
1)In British, relationships are quite relaxed, but teachers can have big problems with discipline. 在英国，师生之间的关系相当放松，但老师在纪律方面可能会遇到大问题。
2)We have no difficulty (in) finishing the task. 我们完成这项任务没有困难。
19.Consider… + (to be) adj. 其中形容词作宾补
【经典例句】
1)This is true of France, Germany, and Spain, where discipline and respect for the teacher is considered very important. 这种情况也适合于法国、德国和西班牙，在这些国家纪律和对老师的尊重被认为很重要。
2)We all consider our manager kind. 我们都觉得我们的经理是一位和善的人。
20. pay for… 为…付款
【经典例句】
1)They asked him to pay for the damage but he pleaded poverty.他们要他付损害赔偿金，但他借口穷不还。
2)If you don’t work hard now, you’ll pay for it later.如果你现在不好好学习，以后你就会为此付出代价。
21.Both… and…. 既… 又…
【经典例句】
1)Germany and France have both state and private schools, but most students go to state schools, which are very good. 同样，美国既有公办学校，也有私立学校。美国的多数孩子上公办学校，但是私立学校也很好。
2)Both she and I are going to do the cleaning. 我和她两个都要做清洁工作。
22．always强调 “一直是这样”
【经典例句】
I’ve always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs Li just smiles, so that you don’t feel completely stupid!
我总是不愿意犯错误或者在说英语时念错词。只是笑笑，你就不会感到自己是个大笨蛋。
be always doing 表示 老是，老……” 多半表示责难,不满或表扬。
He is always complaining about something. 他老是发牢骚。
He is always helping others. 他总是喜欢帮助别人。
23. get + done 结构: 表示具有被动意义的系表结构。：
get burnt 被烧伤 get worried get drunk
get lost get married get hurt
get dressed 穿好衣服 get changed 被调换,换衣服 get paid 被支付
高考链接
Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to __________ before the party.
A get changed B get change C get changing D get to change
24. have problems with 在……方面存在问题
He has problems with his sleeping. 他睡眠有问题。
have problems / difficulty / trouble with sth.＝have problems / difficulty / trouble in doing sth. 在…方面存在问题/ 有困难/ 有麻烦
the problem (of )… …的问题
no problem (口语) 没问题(对别人提出的请求给予肯定回答)
25. It doesn't matter (to sb.) ＋ 从句 ……( 对某人来说)没关系，不要紧
It matters a lot / a great deal ＋ 从句 ……非常重要
It doesn't matter. (口语) 没关系。
no matter who / why / what… 无论谁/ 为什么/ 什么……
as a matter of fact 实际上，事实上
What's the matter？( 口语) 怎么了？ 有什么麻烦？
26.
1) be nervous about 对… 紧张，担忧
be nervous of 害怕…
I'm nervous of (being in) large crowds.
She was so nervous about her exams that she couldn't sleep.
2）be patient with sb/sth 对… 有耐心
patience n. 耐心 patient n. 病人
She's very patient with young children.
3）be serious about sb/sth/doing sth 对… 认真
Is she serious about giving up her job
4) be strict in/on/about sth 对某事严格
be strict with sb 对某人严格
This company is very strict about punctuality.
The Browns are very strict with their children.
27. love 热爱 指引起深厚的、强烈的感情的爱
1) be fond of 喜欢 热爱 表示对某人或某事有感情，语气要次于“love”
The child is fond of sweet food.
2) like 喜欢 不反感 Do you like reading?
3) enjoy 欣赏 喜欢 具有“ 满足感” +doing
28. .fall asleep 入睡
fall asleep v. 入睡, 长眠, 懈怠, 静止不动 强调入睡的动作
be asleep adj. 睡着的, 睡熟的 强调睡着的状态 表示状态
30. wave about/ around 向四周挥手；
wave aside 对… 不予理会
wave on 挥手示意向前走 wave through 挥手示意通过
三：单元必备句型详解
1.They say that first impressions are very important.
1.【句型】
They say that… 据说…
【例子】
They say that girls are usually more hard-working than boys, but in this class, everyone is hard-working.
2. 【句型】
1.As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
2.The film Harry Potter is so interesting that all the children like it.
3.I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.
1) so that, so ….that… 引导结果状语从句 “因此” such…that 引导的也是结果状语从句,不同的是so后面跟形容词或副词,而such后跟名词。
He spoke fast, so that I didn't catch him.
He spoke so fast that I didn't catch him.
so that = in order that 引导目的状语从句 “为了” 以便于……”(从句中常用may, can, will, could 等词)。
so as to / in order to 为了
He got up early so that/ in order that he could catch the first bus.
2) He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数+ that
such + a/an +adj. + 可数名词单数+ that
当名词前有many, much, few, little(少) 时,不用such, 而用so.
3) so that 句型所表示的结果往往同主句有因果关系, 而so…that…句型所表示的结果往往表明so 后面形容词或副词的程度。
.I ate so much food that I was sick.
4). so…that 句型中的so 也可以修饰名词,但该名词前必须有many, few, much, little 等表示数量多少的词修饰。
They were such little boxes that he could carry six once.
5) so与that 引导的结果状语从句连用置于句首时, 主句动词与主语倒装。
So loudly did he speak that everyonecould hear him clearly.
3.【句型】
This is because… 这是因为…
【例子】
1.He came late. This is because he got up late.
2.This is because she `s just lost her new bike.
4.【句型】
Would rather do…than do… 宁愿做…而不愿做…
(1) would rather (not) do sth. 宁愿(不)做…
(2) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. （ 宁愿…也不…）
=would rather do sth. than do sth. =would do sth. rather than do sth.
A lot of my friends eat sweets every day but I would rather eat some fruit.
Facing the enemies, our soldiers would rather die than surrender.
(3) would rather 后接从句时， 从句中要用虚拟语气。
would rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事（用一般过去时表示对现在和将来的虚拟）
would rather sb. had done sth. 宁愿某人做过某事（用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟）
I would rather you didn’t smoke in the office.
I’d rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.
5.【句型】
don’t feel completely stupid 并不觉得自己是个大笨蛋
don’t（ 否定词）和completely，all ， both， every， everyone， everything 等表示全部概念的词一起连用，表示的是部分否定，而非全部否定。
All is not gold that glitters. =Not all that glitters is gold. 发光的并不都是金子。
Everybody wouldn’t like it.=Not everybody would like it. 并不是每个人都会喜欢它。
四：单元语法项目讲解
1.【语法】 动词的-ing 形式作宾语。英语中有许多动词后面常跟-ing 形式作宾语。
1）常见的直接接动词-ing 形式的动词有，口诀如下：
考虑建议盼原谅 （consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon）
承认推迟没得想 (admit, delay/ put off, fancy)
避免错过继续练 (avoid, miss, keep/ keep on, practice)
否认完成就欣赏 (finish, appreciate)
禁止想象才冒险，（imagine, risk）
不禁介意准逃亡 (mind, allow/ permit, escape)
dislike不喜欢enjoy喜爱 keep保持 imagine想像deny 拒绝 allow允许 appreciate感激 delay推迟 discuss讨论 forbid禁止 forgive原谅 give up放弃mention提及permit允许 prevent阻止 prohibit禁止
2)下列词组后也加-ing：
be used to, look forward to, lead to, devote to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can’t stand, give up, feel like, insist on, put off, thank you for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficulty/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/ hard time (in) can’t help, give up，thanks to，protect/prevent …from，be worth, succeed in, be busy in, have some trouble /difficulty /problems (in)，spend time(in)doing
3) 有些动词如: love, like, hate, prefer, begin, continue, can’t afford, intend, plan, neglect，remember, forget, regret；stop, try, mean，go on 等后既可以跟动词-ing 形式,也可跟动词不定式作宾语，但意义不同。如：
系动词+ to do -- ...去做(强调动作) 系动词+ doing -- ...做(强调状态)
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记曾经做过某事
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
regret to do sth. 遗憾去做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停下做某事
try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
go on to do sth.(做完某事)接着做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
try doing 试着做某事 try to do sth 尽力去做某事
need/ want/ require to do (主动) need/ want/ require doing （被动）
4）动词 like, love, prefer后接不定式或动名词做宾语均可。如果表示经常性的行为，习惯性的、一般性的动作常用动名词；如果表示具体的行为，通常表示某一次的，具体的动作常用动词不定式。
①在动词 allow, advise, forbid, permit 等后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则其后用动词不定式做宾语补足语。
② 动词like, love, prefer,hate,后接不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语均可。但有一些细微的差别。如表示经常性、习惯性的动作常用动词-ing形式，如表示特定情况或具体动作则常用动词不定式。如：
如果like, love, prefer 前有 would/should 时，后面则接动词不定式。
I’d like to go swimming this weekend. 本周我愿意游泳。
③ begin, start, continue 后跟不定式和动词-ing 形式，通常没有差别。但在下列三种情况下，其后需用动词不定式：
A. 当begin/start 用于进行时时; B. 当begin/start 的主语是物时；
C.当其后的动词为不可以用于进行时的表示心理活动或精神状态的动词时。
④ need 表示“需要”，require 表示 “要求”，want 表示“想要”时后面接动词-ing形式或 to be done结构。主语多为某物，后多用动名词表被动。
The house wants/needs/requires repairing.
The house wants/needs/requires to be repaired.
⑤ 有时动词-ing形式前面可有自己的逻辑主语。（动名词的符合结构）如：
Would you mind my/me/Lily/Lily’s sitting next to you你不介意我坐你旁边吧？
⑥下列动词既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语，含义基本相同：begin, start, continue, propose
Then we began making/ to make plans for the work I propose making/ to make a change in the plan. 我建议把计划作一些改动
2.【语法】Mr. Wu’s only been teaching us for two weeks.
have / has been doing 现在完成进行时
He’s been watching television all day.
现在完成进行时表示过去开始而且现在仍在进行着的情况，或者刚刚停止、现在看到的结果。表示从过去某个时候开始的动作或状态从过去一直延续到现在，这个动作可能刚刚结束，可能一直进行下去。强调持续性。动作一直持续，还会继续下去
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
1.现在完成进行时着意于动作本身，将其看作是一种继续的、延长的活动；现在完成时则更看重动作的完成和目前产生的结果。
I’ve been reading your book. I’ve read your book.
2.在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。现在完成时表示动作已结束。
The students have been preparing for the exam. 学生们一直在准备考试。（还在进行）
The students have prepared for the exam. 学生们为考试作了准备。（已经结束）
3. Work, live, teach, study 等词用两种时态都可以，意思差别不大。
He’s been living here for ten years.
He has lived here for ten years.
4. 现在完成进行时常谈论比较短暂的动作和情况；谈论持续较长时间或永久的情况时，常用现在完成时。
That man has been standing on the corner all day.
For 900 years the castle has stood on the hill above the village.
3.【语法】
Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I'll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
With复合结构的构成形式：with＋宾语(名词或代词)＋宾语补足语(现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语)，在句中作状语。结论：with 的复合结构在句子中可以做状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随等；在句子中，with的复合宾语还可以做定语，用来修饰它前面的名词、代词。
①with ＋ 宾语＋形容词(或副词)
He entered the room, with his hands red with cold. ( 伴随状语)
They went out of the room, with the light out. ( 时间状语)
She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both side. ( 定语)
Don't sleep with the door and windows open. 不要开着门窗睡觉。
②with ＋ 宾语＋v.ing 形式 (表主动或进行) 宾语和动词-ing 之间是主动关系，动词-ing 所表示的动作和主语谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
I’d like to see the new film with time permitting. (条件状语)
③with ＋ 宾语＋过去分词(表被动和完成) 过去分词和宾语之间是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。
With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.（结果状语）
所有的工作都做完了，他们匆忙回家吃午饭。
④with ＋ 宾语＋不定式(表将来) 不定式和宾语之间是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。
With a lot of work to do, we have to be busy working day and night. ( 原因状语)
有这么多的工作要做，我们只得日夜忙碌。
⑤with ＋ 宾语＋介词短语
The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 老师手中拿着一本书走进教室。
⑥with 的复合宾语在句中除可以用作状语表示方式或伴随动作，还可以用作定语。
The teacher with a book in his hand is a new English teacher.
手里拿着一本书的那位老师是一位新来的英语老师。
4.【语法】
I think this is because he really enjoys teaching Chinese literature — he loves it, in fact!
句中because 为连词，连接一个表原因的表语从句，意为“ 这是因为…强调原因或理由，回答why的提问
而当reason 作主语时，其表语从句一般只用 that引导， 不用because。
Since =now that, 既然 （ 表示已为人知的原因，强调关系上的自然结果）
As 只说明一般的因果关系，放在主句前后均可
For 连接一个表原因的并列分句，主要放在两个并列句之间，表直接的、随便的附加说明的理由或推断的理由。
He's about 28，I think, and is rather goodlooking
①“It / This / That＋ 系动词＋because 从句”意为“这/ 那是因为……”
He is not here. It is because he is ill. 他没有来是因为他病了。
②“It /This / That＋系动词＋ why 从句”意为“这/那就是……的原因”。
He is ill. This is why he is not here. 他病了，这就是他没有来这的原因。
③“The reason ＋系动词＋that 从句”意为“ 理由是……”。
He is not here. The reason is that he is ill. 他没有来，理由是他病了。
5【语法】
.I think perhaps she was, as it was 省略句
I think perhaps she was nervous and shy, as……
I think为插入语。插入语可以插到一个语法结构已完整的句子里去，做一些附加的说明。后接从句要表达否定时，其否定形式应该前移到主句。作插入语的可以是不定式短语、现在分词短语、介词短语、形容词、副词、从句等。
I think 我认为 I believe 我相信 I guess 我认为
I suppose 我猜想 I'm afraid 我恐怕 as far as I know / remember 据我所知
you see 你晓得 what's more 此外 that's to say 也就是说
believe it or not 信不信由你 what's worse 使事情更糟糕的是
generally speaking 一般来说 frankly speaking 坦白地说
to tell you the truth 说真的；老实说 to be honest 说实在的
to make matters worse 更糟糕的是下载本文
