| 构成方法 | 读音 | 例词 |
| 在词尾加s | 1.在清辅音后读[s] 2.在浊辅音和元音后读[z] | 1.desk-desks [s] map-maps [s] 2.field-fields [z] dog-dogs [z] sea-seas [z] |
| 1.以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词后加-es 2.如词尾是e只加-s | -(e)s读作[iz] | 1.class-classes [z] box-boxes [z] dish-dishes [z] watch-watches [z] 2.horse-horses [z] |
| 如词尾为-f或者-fe，一般变为-ves | -ves读作[vz] | 1.leaf-leaves [vz] half-halves [vz] 2.knife-knives [vz] |
| 以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es | -ies读作[iz] | family-families [iz] |
| 以元音+y结尾的名词加-s | -s读作[z] | boy-boys [z] guy-guys [z] |
| 以辅音+o结尾的名词,加-es (有生命) | -es读作[z] | hero-heroes [z] potato-potatoes [z] tomato-tomatoes [z] |
| 以元音+o结尾的名词,加-es (无生命) | -s读作[z] | radio-radios [z] zoo-zoos [z] photo-photos [z] |
| 以th结尾的名词加-s | 1.在长元音后，-ths读作[z] 2.在短元音或辅音后，-ths读作[s] | 1.bath-baths [z] 2.month-months [s] |
